Europaudvalget 2017
KOM (2017) 0771
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EUROPEAN
COMMISSION
Brussels, 22.11.2017
SWD(2017) 661 final
COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT
STATISTICAL ANNEX
Accompanying the document
REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT,
THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK
AND THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE
Alert Mechanism Report 2018
(prepared in accordance with Articles 3 and 4 of Regulation
(EU) No 1176/2011 on the prevention and correction of macroeconomic imbalances)
{COM(2017) 771 final}
EN
EN
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European
Commission
Statistical Annex of
Alert Mechanism Report 2018
This document was prepared by the European Commission's Directorate-General Eurostat
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Table of Contents
B
ACKGROUND INFORMATION
......................................................................................................................... 8
S
TATISTICAL METHODOLOGY IMPROVEMENTS
............................................................................................. 9
I
MPROVING THE QUALITY FRAMEWORK AND ONGOING WORK
................................................................. 12
Chapter 1: Tables by year - Headline indicators ........................................................................................ 14
Table 1.1: MIP Scoreboard 2016 ................................................................................................................. 14
Table 1.2: MIP Scoreboard 2015 ................................................................................................................. 15
Table 1.3: MIP Scoreboard 2014 ................................................................................................................. 16
Table 1.4: MIP Scoreboard 2013 ................................................................................................................. 17
Table 1.5: MIP Scoreboard 2012 ................................................................................................................. 18
Table 1.6: MIP Scoreboard 2011 ................................................................................................................. 19
Table 1.7: MIP Scoreboard 2010 ................................................................................................................. 20
Table 1.8: MIP Scoreboard 2009 ................................................................................................................. 21
Table 1.9: MIP Scoreboard 2008 ................................................................................................................. 22
Table 1.10: MIP Scoreboard 2007 ............................................................................................................... 23
Chapter 2: Tables by year - Auxiliary indicators used in the economic reading of the MIP scoreboard
......................................................................................................................................................................... 24
Table 2.1: Auxiliary indicators, 2016 .......................................................................................................... 24
Table 2.1 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2016....................................................................................... 25
Table 2.2: Auxiliary indicators, 2015 .......................................................................................................... 26
Table 2.2 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2015....................................................................................... 27
Table 2.3: Auxiliary indicators, 2014 .......................................................................................................... 28
Table 2.3 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2014....................................................................................... 29
Table 2.4: Auxiliary indicators, 2013 .......................................................................................................... 30
Table 2.4 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2013....................................................................................... 31
Table 2.5: Auxiliary indicators, 2012 .......................................................................................................... 32
Table 2.5 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2012....................................................................................... 33
Table 2.6: Auxiliary indicators, 2011 .......................................................................................................... 34
Table 2.6 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2011....................................................................................... 35
Table 2.7: Auxiliary indicators, 2010 .......................................................................................................... 36
Table 2.7 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2010....................................................................................... 37
Table 2.8: Auxiliary indicators, 2009 .......................................................................................................... 38
Table 2.8 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2009....................................................................................... 39
Table 2.9: Auxiliary indicators, 2008 .......................................................................................................... 40
Table 2.9 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2008....................................................................................... 41
Table 2.10: Auxiliary indicators, 2007 ........................................................................................................ 42
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Table 2.10 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2007..................................................................................... 43
Chapter 3: Tables by indicator..................................................................................................................... 44
Table 3.1: Current account balance, % of GDP (3 year average) ................................................................ 44
Table 3.2: Current account balance (% of GDP) ......................................................................................... 45
Table 3.3: Net International Investment Position (% of GDP) .................................................................... 46
Table 3.4: Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners, HICP deflator (3 year % change) ............... 47
Table 3.5: Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners, HICP deflator (1 year % change) ............... 48
Table 3.6: Export market share - % of world exports (5 year % change) ................................................... 49
Table 3.7: Export market share - % of world exports (1 year % change) ................................................... 50
Table 3.8: Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100 (3 year % change) .................................................. 51
Table 3.9: Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100 (1 year % change) .................................................. 52
Table 3.10: House price index (2015=100), deflated (1 year % change) .................................................... 53
Table 3.11: Private sector credit flow, consolidated (% of GDP) ............................................................... 54
Table 3.12: Private sector debt, consolidated (% of GDP) .......................................................................... 55
Table 3.13: General government gross debt (% of GDP) ............................................................................ 56
Table 3.14: Unemployment rate (3 year average) ....................................................................................... 57
Table 3.15: Unemployment rate (%) ........................................................................................................... 58
Table 3.16: Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated (1 year % change) ..................................... 59
Table 3.17: Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated (Millions NC) ........................................... 60
Table 3.18: Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64 (3 year change in p.p.) ................................. 61
Table 3.19: Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64 ...................................................................... 62
Table 3.20: Long-term unemployment rate - % of active population aged 15-74 (3 year change in p.p.) .. 63
Table 3.21: Long-term unemployment rate - % of active population aged 15-74....................................... 64
Table 3.22: Youth unemployment rate - % of active population aged 15-24 (3 year change in p.p.) ......... 65
Table 3.23: Youth unemployment rate - % of active population aged 15-24 .............................................. 66
Table 3.24: Real GDP (1 year % change) ................................................................................................... 67
Table 3.25: Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) ............................................................................... 68
Table 3.26: Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP) .................................................................. 69
Table 3.27: Current plus capital account - Net lending-borrowing (% of GDP) ......................................... 70
Table 3.28: Net external debt (% of GDP) .................................................................................................. 71
Table 3.29: Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy - flows (% of GDP) ............................... 72
Table 3.30: Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy - stocks (% of GDP) .............................. 73
Table 3.31: Net trade balance of energy products (% of GDP) ................................................................... 74
Table 3.32: Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners (3 year % change)......................... 75
Table 3.33: Export performance against advanced economies (5 year % change) ..................................... 76
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Table 3.34: Terms of trade (5 year % change) ............................................................................................ 77
Table 3.35: Export market share, volume (1 year % change) ..................................................................... 78
Table 3.36: Real labour productivity (1 year % change) ............................................................................. 79
Table 3.37: Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100 (10 year % change) .............................................. 80
Table 3.38: Unit labour cost performance relative to EA (10 year % change)............................................ 81
Table 3.39: House price index (2015=100) - nominal (3 year % change)................................................... 82
Table 3.40: Residential construction (% of GDP) ....................................................................................... 83
Table 3.41: Private sector debt, non-consolidated (% of GDP) .................................................................. 84
Table 3.42: Financial sector leverage (debt-to-equity), non-consolidated (%) ........................................... 85
Table 3.43: Employment rate (1 year % change) ........................................................................................ 86
Table 3.44: Young people neither in employment nor in education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24 ................................................................................................................................................... 87
Table 3.45: People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of total population ....................................... 88
Table 3.46: People at risk of poverty after social transfers - % of total population .................................... 89
Table 3.47: Severely materially deprived people - % of total population ................................................... 90
Table 3.48: People living in households with very low work intensity - % of total population aged 0-59 . 91
Chapter 4: Tables by Member States - Headline indicators...................................................................... 92
Table 4.1: The MIP scoreboard for Belgium ............................................................................................... 92
Table 4.2: The MIP scoreboard for Bulgaria ............................................................................................... 93
Table 4.3: The MIP scoreboard for Czech Republic ................................................................................... 94
Table 4.4: The MIP scoreboard for Denmark .............................................................................................. 95
Table 4.5: The MIP scoreboard for Germany .............................................................................................. 96
Table 4.6: The MIP scoreboard for Estonia ................................................................................................ 97
Table 4.7: The MIP scoreboard for Ireland ................................................................................................. 98
Table 4.8: The MIP scoreboard for Greece ................................................................................................. 99
Table 4.9: The MIP scoreboard for Spain ................................................................................................. 100
Table 4.10: The MIP scoreboard for France .............................................................................................. 101
Table 4.11: The MIP scoreboard for Croatia ............................................................................................. 102
Table 4.12: The MIP scoreboard for Italy ................................................................................................. 103
Table 4.13: The MIP scoreboard for Cyprus ............................................................................................. 104
Table 4.14: The MIP scoreboard for Latvia .............................................................................................. 105
Table 4.15: The MIP scoreboard for Lithuania ......................................................................................... 106
Table 4.16: The MIP scoreboard for Luxembourg .................................................................................... 107
Table 4.17: The MIP scoreboard for Hungary .......................................................................................... 108
Table 4.18: The MIP scoreboard for Malta ............................................................................................... 109
Table 4.19: The MIP scoreboard for Netherlands ..................................................................................... 110
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Table 4.20: The MIP scoreboard for Austria ............................................................................................. 111
Table 4.21: The MIP scoreboard for Poland ............................................................................................. 112
Table 4.22: The MIP scoreboard for Portugal ........................................................................................... 113
Table 4.23: The MIP scoreboard for Romania .......................................................................................... 114
Table 4.24: The MIP scoreboard for Slovenia .......................................................................................... 115
Table 4.25: The MIP scoreboard for Slovakia .......................................................................................... 116
Table 4.26: The MIP scoreboard for Finland ............................................................................................ 117
Table 4.27: The MIP scoreboard for Sweden ............................................................................................ 118
Table 4.28: The MIP scoreboard for United Kingdom.............................................................................. 119
Chapter 5: Tables by Member States - Auxiliary indicators used in the economic reading of the MIP
scoreboard .................................................................................................................................................... 120
Table 5.1: Auxiliary indicators for Belgium ............................................................................................. 120
Table 5.1 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Belgium .......................................................................... 121
Table 5.2: Auxiliary indicators for Bulgaria.............................................................................................. 122
Table 5.2 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Bulgaria .......................................................................... 123
Table 5.3: Auxiliary indicators for Czech Republic .................................................................................. 124
Table 5.3 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Czech Republic............................................................... 125
Table 5.4: Auxiliary indicators for Denmark ............................................................................................ 126
Table 5.4 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Denmark ......................................................................... 127
Table 5.5: Auxiliary indicators for Germany ............................................................................................ 128
Table 5.5 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Germany ......................................................................... 129
Table 5.6: Auxiliary indicators for Estonia ............................................................................................... 130
Table 5.6 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Estonia ............................................................................ 131
Table 5.7: Auxiliary indicators for Ireland ................................................................................................ 132
Table 5.7 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Ireland ............................................................................. 133
Table 5.8: Auxiliary indicators for Greece ................................................................................................ 134
Table 5.8 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Greece ............................................................................. 135
Table 5.9: Auxiliary indicators for Spain .................................................................................................. 136
Table 5.9 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Spain ............................................................................... 137
Table 5.10: Auxiliary indicators for France .............................................................................................. 138
Table 5.10 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for France ........................................................................... 139
Table 5.11: Auxiliary indicators for Croatia ............................................................................................. 140
Table 5.11 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Croatia .......................................................................... 141
Table 5.12: Auxiliary indicators for Italy .................................................................................................. 142
Table 5.12 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Italy ............................................................................... 143
Table 5.13: Auxiliary indicators for Cyprus .............................................................................................. 144
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Table 5.13 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Cyprus .......................................................................... 145
Table 5.14: Auxiliary indicators for Latvia ............................................................................................... 146
Table 5.14 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Latvia ............................................................................ 147
Table 5.15: Auxiliary indicators for Lithuania .......................................................................................... 148
Table 5.15 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Lithuania ....................................................................... 149
Table 5.16: Auxiliary indicators for Luxembourg ..................................................................................... 150
Table 5.16 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Luxembourg ................................................................. 151
Table 5.17: Auxiliary indicators for Hungary ........................................................................................... 152
Table 5.17 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Hungary ........................................................................ 153
Table 5.18: Auxiliary indicators for Malta ................................................................................................ 154
Table 5.18 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Malta ............................................................................. 155
Table 5.19: Auxiliary indicators for Netherlands ...................................................................................... 156
Table 5.19 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Netherlands ................................................................... 157
Table 5.20: Auxiliary indicators for Austria ............................................................................................. 158
Table 5.20 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Austria .......................................................................... 159
Table 5.21: Auxiliary indicators for Poland .............................................................................................. 160
Table 5.21 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Poland ........................................................................... 161
Table 5.22: Auxiliary indicators for Portugal ............................................................................................ 162
Table 5.22 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Portugal ........................................................................ 163
Table 5.23: Auxiliary indicators for Romania ........................................................................................... 164
Table 5.23 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Romania ....................................................................... 165
Table 5.24: Auxiliary indicators for Slovenia ........................................................................................... 166
Table 5.24 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Slovenia ........................................................................ 167
Table 5.25: Auxiliary indicators for Slovakia ........................................................................................... 168
Table 5.25 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Slovakia ........................................................................ 169
Table 5.26: Auxiliary indicators for Finland ............................................................................................. 170
Table 5.26 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Finland .......................................................................... 171
Table 5.27: Auxiliary indicators for Sweden ............................................................................................. 172
Table 5.27 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Sweden ......................................................................... 173
Table 5.28: Auxiliary indicators for United Kingdom .............................................................................. 174
Table 5.28 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for United Kingdom ........................................................... 175
Chapter 6: Tables by year - MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) ............................................................. 176
Table 6.1: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2016 ................................................................................... 176
Table 6.2: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2015 ................................................................................... 177
Table 6.3: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2014 ................................................................................... 178
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Table 6.4: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2013 ................................................................................... 179
Table 6.5: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2012 ................................................................................... 180
Table 6.6: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2011 ................................................................................... 181
Table 6.7: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2010 ................................................................................... 182
Table 6.8: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2009 ................................................................................... 183
Table 6.9: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2008 ................................................................................... 184
Table 6.10: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2007 ................................................................................. 185
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B
ACKGROUND INFORMATION
This Statistical Annex to the 2018 Alert Mechanism Report (AMR 2018) presents the
Macroeconomic Imbalance Procedure (MIP) scoreboard indicators and auxiliary indicators used in
the economic reading of the MIP scoreboard. The MIP scoreboard and auxiliary indicators are
mainly compiled by Eurostat, from the data transmitted by Member States, following European
legislation. The MIP scoreboard indicators are presented with their indicative thresholds (used in
the AMR) while no threshold is applied to the auxiliary indicators.
The policy framework of the MIP relies on timely and high quality socio-economic and financial
statistics. Since the publication of the first Statistical Annex in 2012, significant progress has been
achieved towards enhancing the standards and methods used for the compilation of underlying data
as well as strengthening the statistical quality assurance framework.
The MIP Scoreboard consists of fourteen scoreboard indicators measuring internal and external
imbalances as well as social and labour market developments. The MIP scoreboard indicators for
the last ten years are displayed in this statistical annex by year in chapter 1, and by country in
chapter 4. Table 1 lists the MIP scoreboard indicators together with detailed information on their
data sources.
The cut-off date for the data, that is the date on which the data were extracted from the Eurostat
database for the preparation of this document, was
24
th
October 2017.
For additional information
about the data, please contact
[email protected].
Table 1. MIP scoreboard indicators (AMR 2018)
Indicator
Current account balance (% of GDP)
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate (42 trading partners,
HICP deflator)
Export market share (% of world exports)
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
Unit
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
Data source
Eurostat
Eurostat
DG ECFIN
Eurostat, IMF
Eurostat
BoP
NA
Statistical
domain
BoP/NA
BoP/NA
House price index (2015=100), deflated
1 year % change
Eurostat
Price statistics / NA
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
% of GDP
Eurostat
NA (FA)
Private sector debt, consolidated
% of GDP
Eurostat
NA (FA)
General government gross debt
% of GDP
Eurostat
EDP/GFS
Unemployment rate
3 year average
Eurostat
EU-LFS
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
1 year % change
Eurostat
NA (FA)
Activity rate (% of total population aged 15-64)
3 year change in p.p.
Eurostat
EU-LFS
Long-term unemployment rate (% of active
3 year change in p.p.
Eurostat
EU-LFS
population aged 15-74)
Youth unemployment rate (% of active population
3 year change in p.p.
Eurostat
EU-LFS
aged 15-24)
Note: NA- National Accounts; BoP
–
Balance of Payments; FA
–
Financial Accounts; GFS
–
Government Finance Statistics; and
LFS
–
Labour Force Survey/Labour Market Statistics; p.p.
–
percentage points
Supplementing the MIP scoreboard indicators, a list of 28 auxiliary indicators (see Table 2)
provides additional information on aspects linked to the general macroeconomic situation, nominal
and real convergence inside and outside the European Union and the euro area, detailed data on
external liabilities, including foreign direct investment and net external debt, and social statistics.
The auxiliary indicators enhance the information base for understanding potential imbalances, as
well as the adjustment capacity of the economy. The auxiliary indicators are also presented in this
Statistical Annex by year (in Chapter 2) and by country (in Chapter 5).
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Table 2. MIP auxiliary indicators (AMR 2018)
Indicator
Real GDP
Gross fixed capital formation
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
Net external debt
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy
–
net inward flows
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy -
stocks
Net trade balance of energy products
Real effective exchange rates
–
euro area trading
partners
Export performance against advanced economies
Terms of trade
Export market share - in volume
Labour productivity
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
Unit labour cost performance relative to euro area
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
Residential construction
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
Employment rate
Activity rate
Unit
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year % change
Data source
Eurostat
Eurostat
Eurostat
Eurostat
Eurostat
Eurostat
Eurostat
Eurostat
DG ECFIN
Statistical
domain
NA
NA
Business Statistics/
NA
BoP/NA
BoP/ NA
BoP/NA
BoP/NA
International Trade/
NA
5 year % change
Eurostat/OECD
BoP
5 year % change
Eurostat
NA
1 year % change
Eurostat /IMF
1 year % change
Eurostat
NA
10 year % change
Eurostat
NA
10 year % change
DG ECFIN
3 year % change
Eurostat
Price statistics / NA
% of GDP
Eurostat
NA
% of GDP
Eurostat
NA (FA)
% debt to equity
Eurostat
NA (FA)
1 year % change
Eurostat
NA
% of total population Eurostat
EU-LFS
aged 15-64
Long term unemployment rate
% of active
Eurostat
EU-LFS
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate
% of active
Eurostat
EU-LFS
population aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in % of total population Eurostat
EU-LFS
education and training
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion
% of total population
Eurostat
EU-SILC
People at risk of poverty after social transfers
% of total population
Eurostat
EU-SILC
Severely materially deprived people
% of total population
Eurostat
EU-SILC
People living in households with very low work % of total population Eurostat
EU-SILC
intensity
aged 0-59
Note: NA- National Accounts; BoP
–
Balance of Payments; FA
–
Financial Accounts; LFS
–
Labour Force Survey/Labour Market
Statistics; SILC
–
Statistics on Income and Living Conditions; p.p.
–
percentage points
In Chapter 3, the data are presented by indicator to allow easy comparisons of Member States for
the 10-year time series. In addition, short descriptions of the indicators as well as detailed
information on sources and methods employed for their compilation are provided.
S
TATISTICAL METHODOLOGY IMPROVEMENTS
Since 2014, MIP indicators stemming from the National Accounts (NA) and Balance of Payments
(BoP) and International Investment Position (IIP) domains are computed following the ESA 2010
and BPM6 statistical standards (the European System of Accounts 2010 and the Balance of
Payments and International Investment Position Manual, sixth edition) that guarantee a high level of
comparability across the European Union Member States. The successful implementation of these
standards improved the quality of the MIP underlying data.
In particular, concerning indicators from the Balance of Payments and International Investment
Position, the revision of international standards and changeover to BPM6 was translated into new
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data requirements via the adoption of
Commission Regulation (EU) No 555/2012
and ECB
Guideline (ECB/2011/23). According to the legislation, Member States shall submit to the
Commission (Eurostat) data following the BPM6 requirements from 2014 onwards only. The length
of time series available for the computation of MIP indicators based on the BPM6 might then be
limited.
However, in order to maintain comparability over time, the majority of countries have back-
calculated the main BoP time series according to the new standards. As the transmission of back
data by Member States is voluntary, a few data gaps remained for a minority of countries. In order
to enlarge data coverage and support policy analysis, Eurostat has taken measures in close
cooperation with Member States to improve the situation with regard to the availability of BoP/IIP
back data, including through targeted grants. Moreover, Eurostat has complemented Member States'
efforts by producing some estimates which were then approved by the concerned Member States.
As a result, data coverage for the ten years timespan needed for this year's Statistical Annex (2007-
2016) has improved substantially and coverage is almost complete, with just one 2007 value
missing for the Export market shares indicator, due to its definition which requires a longer time
series.
Following the adoption of the new statistical standards, some BoP series have been discontinued at
national level. Therefore, values for the MIP auxiliary indicator on Net external debt could not be
made available for the United Kingdom.
The implementation of the standards ensures conceptual consistency between National Accounts
and Balance of Payments/ International Investment Position. However, in practice, differences in
the different components of the accounts (the BoP/IIP and NA Rest of the world data) still persist.
Eurostat has further elaborated on the reconciliation of the Balance of Payments and the Rest of the
World (RoW) account at national level. After the implementation of the BPM6 methodology in
2014, Eurostat has regularly assessed the state of consistency between Balance of Payments and
National Accounts statistics, with a focus on the nonfinancial accounts. In order to maximize efforts
at European level, Eurostat contributed to a Task Force on the Consistency between NA and BoP,
which was established at the beginning of 2016 by the Committee for Monetary, Financial and
Balance of Payments statistics (CMFB). The purpose of this Task Force is to determine the
discrepancies between these two datasets, identify the reasons behind these discrepancies, and make
recommendations for addressing them.
Additional changes in 2017
The introduction of ESA 2010 ensured the consistency of GDP compilation with the international
standards for National Accounts, hence leading to a better comparability not only across European
Union countries but also on a global basis. However, some challenges remain in relation to
globalisation, for example the impact on GDP of the relocation of business of large multinational
enterprises in small and open economies.
Moreover, a common harmonised European revision policy for National Accounts and balance of
payments statistics covering benchmark and routine revisions has been recently agreed and its
implementation has started on a voluntary basis. The policy includes differentiated guidelines
regarding the timing and depth of revisions to quarterly and annual data. It aims at improving
adherence to the twofold principle of alignment at national level between statistical domains and
coordinated alignment at European Union level across the countries.
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In the
Balance of Payments
domain, progress has been registered concerning the asymmetries in
trade in goods and services. To address the problem of asymmetries in mirror trade data, Eurostat
organized several workshops in the course of 2016 and 2017 with Member States. During these
workshops, experts from Member States had the opportunity to exchange experiences, discuss
bilaterally and decide on specific actions to resolve their corresponding trade asymmetries. Due to
the implementation of methodological improvements in 2017, the IIP of Belgium has been revised
backwards.
In the domain of
Financial Accounts,
most remaining derogations of countries were due to expire
with the official data transmission at end-September 2017. However, these have a very limited
impact on the subsector and instrument breakdowns of the MIP indicators based on Financial
Accounts. Moreover, in Luxembourg improvements in sources and methods have permitted to
enhance data quality by improving compliance with ESA 2010 for recent years, and resulting in
large revisions. Furthermore, the length of the time series has been extended back to 2002.
Concerning
House Prices,
starting with the release of the first quarter 2017 data, the reference year
of the House Price Index (HPI) series was changed from 2010 to 2015, as provided for in
Regulation (EU) 2016/792. As a consequence, the deflated HPI was also re-referenced to
2015=100. Due to the change of the reference year, a small proportion of the published rates for the
HPI were revised by plus or minus 0.1 percentage points.
From 2014 France started extending the
Labour Force Survey
to its overseas departments and
regions (DROM) - Guadeloupe, Martinique, Guyane, La Réunion, and Mayotte. Due to the different
situation of the labour market in these regions, breaks in the time series of the MIP indicators
calculated on the LFS data occurred and back-calculations were needed in order to ensure a
consistent time series. The transition is now complete and all LFS indicators are available for the
last twelve years according to the extended geographical definition. Therefore, from 2017 all LFS
indicators, including the change in
activity rate
and the change in
long term unemployment rate,
refer to France including its overseas departments and regions. The impact of this change is
expected to be limited. As a measure of the impact, the 2015 long term unemployment rate indicator
released in October 2016 was 0.6 pp; this value has been revised to 0.5 as a consequence of the
inclusion of the DROM. Analogously the MIP activity rate indicator has been revised from 0.8 pp.
to 1.00 pp.
General Government Gross Debt
data notified for the years 2013 to 2016 have been released on
23
rd
October 2017 within the EDP notification. In the context of the notification of government
deficit and debt, Eurostat expressed reservations on reported data of France, Belgium and Hungary.
For more information on reservations and main revisions between the April 2017 and the October
2017 notifications please see the latest
EDP news release.
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I
MPROVING THE QUALITY FRAMEWORK AND ONGOING WORK
The credibility of the MIP and its smooth implementation depends critically on the availability and
quality of the MIP underlying statistics. The statistics used in the procedure have to be fit for the
purpose, reliable and comparable among Member States and in time. For that reason, the scoreboard
indicators are regularly reviewed; the underlying statistical methodology and the statistical
production processes are constantly improved. Statistics underlying the MIP indicators are based on
European Union legislation and compiled by the European Statistical System (ESS) and in part by
the European System of Central Banks (ESCB).
In 2016, the Economic and Financial Affairs Council (ECOFIN)
1
recalled that the MIP must rely
upon sound and harmonised official statistics and since 2011 it had emphasised the importance of
close cooperation between the ESS and the ESCB in assessing the reliability of the statistics
underlying the MIP and improving their quality. Following the invitation of the Council to take all
necessary initiatives to assure a reliable procedure for the compilation of MIP indicators as well as a
continuous improvement of the underlying statistical information, a Memorandum of
Understanding was signed between Eurostat and the Directorate General Statistics of the European
Central Bank in November 2016. The Memorandum of understanding mutually recognises the
respective quality assurance frameworks and enables an even closer cooperation on the respective
quality reports in the field of BoP/IIP and Financial Accounts.
The quality assurance framework, developed jointly by Eurostat and the Directorate General
Statistics of the European Central Bank, follows a three-level structure. In this framework, the work
performed in 2017 consisted of the following actions:
ï‚·
Level 1: preparation of an annual ESS-ESCB quality assessment report on MIP statistics by
Eurostat and the ECB towards the European Parliament and Council, policy makers and the
public at large. It aims at assessing the reliability and comparability of MIP underlying statistics
and at addressing actions to address most relevant quality issues; the third report has been
prepared in 2017 and will be published on the CMFB
website.
Level 2: domain-specific quality reports produced by Eurostat and the ECB summarising the
main findings for the euro area or the European Union Member States. These reports assess the
underlying compilation process and its robustness, describe its legal basis and evaluate whether
the statistics are in line with international statistical standards. The coverage of level 2 reports
has been significantly improved in 2017; the following level 2 reports are currently available:

Balance of Payments and International Investment Position statistics (ECB,
Eurostat)

Financial Accounts (ECB)

Housing Price Indicators (Eurostat)

Labour Force Survey (Eurostat)
Work towards harmonization of the existing Quality Reports on Balance of
Payment/International Investment Position produced by the ESS and the ESCB taking into
account MIP requirements is ongoing. In the area of National Accounts, after the adoption of
an implementing act
2
, an annual quality reporting by Member States started in 2017 and will
progressively be extended by 2021; it also covers data underlying the MIP indicators.
1
ï‚·
Council conclusions of ECOFIN Council meeting on 8 November 2016
(http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-14164-2016-INIT/en/pdf)
2
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv%3AOJ.L_.2016.345.01.0027.01.ENG
12
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1821737_0014.png
In addition, the Commission (DG ECFIN), in its capacity as compiler of the Real Effective
Exchange Rate (REER) indicator, publishes quality information on real effective exchange rate
indicators on its website
3
.
ï‚·
Level 3: development of condensed country specific self-assessment reports on the quality and
statistical processes for statistics underlying the MIP indicators which are easily understandable
by users. They should provide the basis for assuring the quality of the statistics and their
comparability across countries. Member States are encouraged to publish such reports. In 2016
information for the statistical domains Balance of Payments and International Investment
Position, Financial Accounts, Housing Price statistics and the Labour Force Survey were
prepared for almost all countries. Updated versions of these national reports are being drafted
and they will be published on the CMFB website when available.
Moreover, in the context of the Memorandum of Understanding, joint ECB-Eurostat visits are
planned to the Member States. The focus will be on BoP and Financial Accounts. The first joint
visits are envisaged to take place during the fourth quarter of 2017.
Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2016/2304 of 19 December 2016 on the modalities, structure, periodicity
and assessment indicators of the quality reports on data transmitted pursuant to Regulation (EU) No 549/2013 of the
European Parliament and of the Council, OJ L 345, 20.12.2016, p. 27-36.
3
https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/file_import/quality_report_en_1.pdf
13
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Chapter 1: Tables by year - Headline indicators
Table 1.1: MIP Scoreboard 2016
Year
2016
Current account
balance - % of
GDP
(3 year average)
External imbalances and competitiveness
Net
Real effective
Export market
international
exchange rate - 42
share - % of
investment
trading partners,
world exports
(5 year %
position
HICP deflator
change)
(% of GDP)
(3 year % change)
Nominal unit
labour cost
index
(2010=100)
(3 year %
change)
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
-0.6
9.5p
2.9
3.4
5.2
13.4
-20.5
-3.3p
0.4p
1.4p
-5.9d
1.9
-6.2p
16.5
14.7
2.5
3.3
-0.1
-1.1p
5.8
2.1p
0.9p
6.0p
0.7
3.5
2.1
2.0
3.1
House price
index
(2015=100),
deflated
(1 year %
change)
Private sector
credit flow,
consolidated
(% of GDP)
Internal imbalances
Private sector
General
debt,
government
consolidated
gross debt
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
Unemployment
rate
(3 year average)
Total financial
sector
liabilities,
non-
consolidated
(1 year %
change)
16.5%
1.2
11.1
14.5
3.3
5.2
7.2
2.5
-16.6
0.9
4.3
2.5
3.2
0.7
5.8
16.3
7.5
19.5
1.7
5.3p
-2.4
8.9
-0.2
7.6
3.2
8.5
4.5
9.0
11.6
Employment indicators
Activity rate - % of
Long-term
Youth
total population unemployment rate unemployment rate
aged 15-64
- % of active
- % of active
(3 year change in
population aged 15- population aged 15-
pp)
74
24
(3 year change in pp) (3 year change in pp)
Thresholds
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
-4/6%
-0.3
1.8
0.5
8.4
8.1
1.4
5.5
-1.0
1.4
-0.7
2.9
2.1
-3.6
-0.3
-0.3
5.0
3.6
6.7
8.8
2.2
-1.0
0.3
-1.3
5.1
-0.7
-1.2
4.6
-5.5
-35%
51.2
-47.0
-24.6
54.8
54.4
-37.1
-176.2
-139.4
-83.9
-15.7
-70.1
-9.8
-127.8
-58.9
-43.2
34.7
-65.0
47.6
69.1
5.6
-60.7
-104.7
-49.9
-36.9
-62.4
-2.3
11.2
-1.1
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-0.4
-4.7
-3.7
-1.5
-2.6
4.5
-6.6
-3.9
-4.3
-3.1
0.1
-3.4
-6.5
4.9
5.4
-1.5
-5.0
-2.5
-2.3
1.0
-5.0
-1.9
-2.5
-0.5
-1.6
0.5
-9.2
0.2
-6%
-2.3
8.2
2.9
-4.2
2.8
-0.7
59.8
-19.0
2.2
-2.4
8.1
-2.8
-3.0
9.3
5.4
26.2
-0.4
8.7
0.1
-4.0
18.1
5.8
23.6
4.0
7.3
-14.1
-7.9
-0.1
6%
1.0p
7.1p
6.7p
4.2
5.4
3.8
6.6p
-2.0e
4.7
1.0
2.1
-0.8p
1.6
7.4
4.5
5.9
13.6
4.8p
4.4
7.2
2.5
6.1
6.5
3.6
7.0
-0.3
7.6
5.5
14%
13.3
4.0
4.4
-10.4
3.8
5.9
-19.0
-1.7p
-1.0p
6.2p
-0.1e
0.6
10.2p
0.3
4.3
1.5
-3.6
11.1
1.5p
3.2
4.7
-2.2p
0.6p
-0.8
9.2
2.2
7.6
8.2
133%
190.1
104.9
68.7
210.7
99.3
115.4
278.1
124.7p
146.7p
146.9p
106.1e
113.6
344.6p
88.3
56.2
343.6
77.0
128.4
221.5p
124.0
81.6
171.4p
55.8p
80.5
94.7
149.3
188.5
168.1
60%
105.7
29.0
36.8
37.7
68.1
9.4
72.8
180.8
99.0
96.5
82.9
132.0
107.1
40.6
40.1
20.8
73.9
57.6
61.8
83.6
54.1
130.1
37.6
78.5
51.8
63.1
42.2
88.3
10%
8.3
9.4
5.1
6.3
4.6
6.8
9.5
25.0
22.1
10.3
15.6
12.1
14.7
10.1
9.2
6.3
6.5
5.3
6.8
5.8
7.6
12.6
6.5
8.9
11.5
9.0
7.4
5.4
-0.2 pp
0.1
0.3
2.1
1.9b
0.3
2.4
0.7
0.7
-0.1
0.7
1.9
1.5
-0.2
2.3
3.1
0.1
5.4
4.1
0.3
0.7
1.8
0.7
0.7
1.1
2.0
0.7
1.0
0.9
0.5 pp
0.1
-2.9
-1.3
-0.4b
-0.6
-1.7
-3.6
-1.5
-3.5
0.2
-4.4
-0.2
-0.3
-1.7
-2.1
0.4
-2.5
-1.0
0.0
0.6
-2.2
-3.1
-0.2
-0.9
-4.2
0.6
-0.1
-1.4
2 pp
-3.6
-11.2
-8.4
-1.0
-0.7
-5.3
-9.6
-11.0
-11.1
-0.3
-18.1
-2.2
-9.8
-5.9
-7.4
2.2
-13.7
-2.0
-2.4
1.5
-9.6
-9.9
-3.1
-6.4
-11.5
0.2
-4.7
-7.7
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) House price index e = source NCB for EL. 3) For NULC HR, d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept. 4) Private sector debt, private sector credit flow: the decline for IE relative to 2015 predominantly reflects restructuring and re-domiciling
activities of large multinational companies.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
14
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Table 1.2: MIP Scoreboard 2015
Year
2015
Current account
balance - % of
GDP
(3 year average)
External imbalances and competitiveness
Net
Real effective
Export market
international
exchange rate - 42
share - % of
investment
trading partners,
world exports
(5 year %
position
HICP deflator
change)
(% of GDP)
(3 year % change)
Nominal unit
labour cost
index
(2010=100)
(3 year %
change)
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
1.5
14.9p
0.1
2.6
5.6
13.5
-19.5
-9.8p
0.5p
2.2p
-6.1d
1.6
-10.6
17.5
11.7
2.3
-0.2
0.1
-0.4p
6.2
0.3
0.5
0.3
-0.4
2.4
3.9
2.4
2.2
House price
index
(2015=100),
deflated
(1 year %
change)
Private sector
credit flow,
consolidated
(% of GDP)
Internal imbalances
Private sector
General
debt,
government
consolidated
gross debt
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
Unemployment
rate
(3 year average)
Total financial
sector
liabilities,
non-
consolidated
(1 year %
change)
16.5%
2.7
6.2
8.1
-1.0
2.9
8.7
9.7
15.6
-1.3
1.7
2.1
1.5
11.1
12.2
7.0
12.2
0.6
1.3
3.6
-0.1
2.4
-1.8
4.0
-3.7
10.8
1.2
2.4
-8.8
Employment indicators
Activity rate - % of
Long-term
Youth
total population unemployment rate unemployment rate
aged 15-64
- % of active
- % of active
(3 year change in
population aged 15- population aged 15-
pp)
74
24
(3 year change in pp) (3 year change in pp)
Thresholds
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
-4/6%
-0.4
0.4
0.0
8.5
7.6
0.9
4.9
-1.3
1.2
-0.7
2.5
1.5
-3.6
-1.6
0.4
5.2
2.9
5.3
9.0
2.1
-1.3
0.6
-1.0
4.9
0.4
-1.3
4.9
-5.4
-35%
47.2
-61.2
-32.9
34.3
48.6
-39.8
-195.1
-136.3
-89.7
-15.7
-76.5
-19.7
-145.0
-63.8
-43.9
37.7
-67.8
52.2
55.1
2.5
-62.1
-112.0
-54.6
-39.8
-64.6
-6.1
4.6
-18.4
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-1.6
-4.2
-8.1
-1.6
-2.1
5.9
-6.3
-5.6
-3.1
-2.8
0.2
-2.4
-6.1
2.7
4.3
-0.5
-7.1
-2.7
-0.8
1.5
-1.3
-3.0
2.7
0.4
-1.1
2.2
-8.2
10.8
-6%
-11.9
12.2
-1.8
-8.2
-2.5
7.9
41.0
-20.7
-3.8
-5.6
-5.8
-8.9
-11.9
12.9
15.3
24.3
-7.8
-2.0
-6.4
-9.0
9.6
2.5
20.9
-4.2
4.5
-21.1
-9.1
2.2
6%
1.4p
1.6bp
3.8p
6.3
4.1
7.1
11.0p
-3.5e
3.7
-1.8
-2.4
-2.7p
0.3bp
-2.4
4.6
5.3
13.3
5.1
3.4
3.4
2.6
2.1
1.9
1.4
5.5
-0.3
12.1
5.3
14%
12.2
-0.3
0.3
-6.2
3.0
3.0
-3.1
-3.3p
-1.8p
4.9p
-1.4
-1.3
4.1
0.7
1.9
47.0
-2.6
2.8
-0.8p
2.3
3.5
-1.8
0.2
-5.0
7.7
6.9
7.5
3.5
133%
178.9
110.5
68.1
207.6
98.7
115.2
306.5
126.1p
154.6p
143.7p
113.2
115.3
353.5
88.8
54.7
348.6
84.3
125.8
225.1
123.9
78.9
179.7
59.1
86.9
88.1
152.9
188.4
164.7
60%
106.0
26.0
40.0
39.5
70.9
10.0
76.9
176.8
99.4
95.8
85.4
131.5
107.5
36.9
42.6
22.0
74.7
60.3
64.6
84.3
51.1
128.8
37.9
82.6
52.3
63.6
44.2
88.2
10%
8.5
11.2
6.1
6.6
4.9
7.4
11.3
26.3
24.2
10.3
16.9
12.2
15.7
10.9
10.5
6.1
8.2
5.9
7.2
5.6
8.9
14.4
6.9
9.6
13.0
8.8
7.8
6.3
-0.2 pp
0.7
2.2
2.4
-0.1
0.4
1.9
0.8
0.3
0.0
1.0
3.0
0.5
0.4
1.3
2.3
1.5b
4.9
4.5
0.6
0.4
1.6
0.0
1.3
1.4
1.5
0.6
1.4
0.8
0.5 pp
1.0
-1.2
-0.6
-0.4
-0.4
-3.1
-3.7
3.7
0.4
0.5
0.0
1.3
3.2
-3.3
-2.7
0.3b
-1.9
-0.7
1.1
0.5
-1.1
-0.5
0.0
0.4
-1.8
0.7
0.0
-1.1
2 pp
2.3
-6.5
-6.9
-3.3
-0.8
-7.8
-9.5
-5.5
-4.6
0.3
0.1
5.0
5.1
-12.2
-10.4
-1.4
-10.9
-2.3
-0.4
1.2
-5.7
-6.0
-0.9
-4.3
-7.5
3.4
-3.3
-6.6
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) International investment position of LU has been revised downwards following the revised treatment of Euro banknotes in national Balance of payments/International investment position statistics. 3) House price index e = source NCB for EL. 4) For NULC HR, d:
employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept. 5) Private sector debt, private sector credit flow: significant increases for IE due to re-domiciling of large multinational corporations and movement of large parts of their balance sheets.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
15
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Table 1.3: MIP Scoreboard 2014
Year
2014
Current account
balance - % of
GDP
(3 year average)
External imbalances and competitiveness
Net
Real effective
Export market
international
exchange rate - 42
share - % of
investment
trading partners,
world exports
(5 year %
position
HICP deflator
change)
(% of GDP)
(3 year % change)
Nominal unit
labour cost
index
(2010=100)
(3 year %
change)
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
5.5
18.0p
4.0
2.4
7.0
14.0
-3.7
-10.4p
-3.4
4.6
-6.4d
2.3
-7.6
16.1
8.7
4.2
5.9
3.4
4.2
7.8
2.9
-2.7
7.3
0.0
1.8
7.8
6.9
3.1
House price
index
(2015=100),
deflated
(1 year %
change)
Private sector
credit flow,
consolidated
(% of GDP)
Internal imbalances
Private sector
General
debt,
government
consolidated
gross debt
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
Unemployment
rate
(3 year average)
Total financial
sector
liabilities,
non-
consolidated
(1 year %
change)
16.5%
2.7
5.6
5.2
7.3
4.5
13.1
19.5
-8.4
-0.4
5.3
0.2
0.5
-3.7
10.4
16.2
33.1
8.6
6.4
7.7
-0.8
0.7
-7.5
1.3
-0.2
8.7
8.9
13.0
4.7
Employment indicators
Activity rate - % of
Long-term
Youth
total population unemployment rate unemployment rate
aged 15-64
- % of active
- % of active
(3 year change in
population aged 15- population aged 15-
pp)
74
24
(3 year change in pp) (3 year change in pp)
Thresholds
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
-4/6%
-0.4
0.2
-0.6
7.7
7.1
-0.4
0.4
-2.5
0.8
-1.1
0.9
0.9
-5.1
-2.7
0.9
5.4
2.3
4.4
9.6
2.0
-2.4
0.0
-2.2
4.1
1.3
-1.6
5.2
-5.0
-35%
45.1
-75.2
-36.6
43.4
40.9
-46.9
-161.0
-131.9
-97.8
-15.6
-85.4
-21.2
-147.0
-65.9
-45.1
31.9
-80.3
43.3
48.7
3.4
-69.1
-117.5
-57.3
-45.8
-63.6
-3.2
1.2
-22.3
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-0.6
-2.8
-10.0
-1.2
-0.4
4.8
-3.6
-5.6
-1.0
-1.3
-0.9
0.2
-1.7
0.4
1.7
0.5
-6.8
0.1
0.7
1.9
-1.0
-1.8
-1.0
1.2
1.2
2.7
-3.7
10.1
-6%
-13.0
5.9
-5.8
-15.5
-8.6
20.4
-12.1
-18.1
-11.9
-14.2
-19.9
-14.9
-23.8
11.5
34.2
11.8
-16.3
-12.1
-11.0
-15.4
5.2
-5.7
20.7
-12.5
2.3
-26.1
-9.2
-8.9
6%
-1.3
1.5p
1.8
2.9
2.2
13.0
15.1p
-5.0e
0.1
-1.7
-1.1
-4.6p
-1.3p
4.3
6.3
3.9
3.3
2.5
0.0
1.4
1.2
3.9
-3.2
-6.5
1.5
-1.6
8.3
6.0
14%
-1.9
-1.1
1.7
0.0
0.5
5.7
2.5
-2.7p
-7.0
3.3
0.1
-0.5
-0.3
-11.8
0.3
24.7
-0.1
3.9
-1.8
0.9
4.6
-5.0
-2.4
-4.7
5.1
1.5
4.8
6.8
133%
166.0
123.6
71.5
214.7
99.4
118.0
279.4
128.0p
165.5
141.9
118.1
119.0
352.5
96.0
53.9
313.0
91.2
135.9
225.7
124.9
78.1
190.8
62.1
97.4
87.8
149.6
193.9
166.8
60%
106.8
27.0
42.2
44.0
74.6
10.7
104.5
179.0
100.4
95.0
85.8
131.8
107.5
40.9
40.5
22.7
75.2
63.8
68.0
83.8
50.2
130.6
39.4
80.3
53.5
60.2
45.5
87.4
10%
8.2
12.2
6.7
7.0
5.2
8.7
13.0
26.2
25.1
10.1
16.8
11.8
14.6
12.6
12.0
5.7
9.6
6.2
6.8
5.3
9.8
15.4
6.9
9.6
13.8
8.2
8.0
7.2
-0.2 pp
1.0
3.1b
3.0b
-1.2
0.4b
0.5
0.6
0.1
0.3
1.4
2.0
1.8
0.8
1.8
2.3
2.9
4.6
4.5
0.9b
0.8
2.2
-0.4b
1.6
0.6
1.6b
0.5
1.6
1.2
0.5 pp
0.8
0.6
0.0
-0.1
-0.6
-3.8
-2.0
10.7
4.0
0.5
1.7
3.4
6.1
-4.2
-3.2
0.2
-1.5
-0.3
1.3
0.3
0.2
2.2
-0.1
1.7
0.1
0.2
-0.1
-0.5
2 pp
4.5
-1.2
-2.2
-1.6
-0.8
-7.4
-5.2
7.7
7.0
1.5
8.3
13.5
13.6
-11.4
-13.3
5.9
-5.6
-1.6
2.7
1.4
-1.9
4.5
0.1
4.5
-4.0
0.4
0.1
-4.3
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) International investment position of LU has been revised downwards following the revised treatment of Euro banknotes in national Balance of payments/International investment position statistics. 3) House price index e = source NCB for EL. 4) Private sector debt,
private sector credit flow: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014. 5) For NULC HR, d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
16
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0018.png
Table 1.4: MIP Scoreboard 2013
Year
2013
Current account
balance - % of
GDP
(3 year average)
External imbalances and competitiveness
Net
Real effective
Export market
international
exchange rate - 42
share - % of
investment
trading partners,
world exports
(5 year %
position
HICP deflator
change)
(% of GDP)
(3 year % change)
Nominal unit
labour cost
index
(2010=100)
(3 year %
change)
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
8.3
15.6p
4.2
1.5
5.9
9.1
-1.9
-10.0p
-4.1
4.6
-3.9d
2.9
-2.1
7.9
6.2
7.6
6.2
9.8
5.2
6.4
3.1
-3.4
-3.2
0.5
2.2
9.1
8.6
3.4
House price
index
(2015=100),
deflated
(1 year %
change)
Private sector
credit flow,
consolidated
(% of GDP)
Internal imbalances
Private sector
General
debt,
government
consolidated
gross debt
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
Unemployment
rate
(3 year average)
Total financial
sector
liabilities,
non-
consolidated
(1 year %
change)
16.5%
0.9
4.3
11.4
1.8
-6.2
10.4
0.3
-17.2
-10.9
0.4
3.2
-2.6
-15.3
5.2
-1.4
10.4
-1.2
1.6
-1.1
-3.2
7.4
-5.4
0.8
-10.3
1.7
-11.7
9.0
-7.7
Employment indicators
Activity rate - % of
Long-term
Youth
total population unemployment rate unemployment rate
aged 15-64
- % of active
- % of active
(3 year change in
population aged 15- population aged 15-
pp)
74
24
(3 year change in pp) (3 year change in pp)
Thresholds
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
-4/6%
-0.5
0.3
-1.4
6.9
6.6
0.0
-1.0
-5.3
-0.6
-1.0
0.0
-0.8
-5.0
-3.2
-1.7
5.7
2.1
1.4
9.6
1.7
-3.4
-2.1
-3.6
2.2
-0.7
-1.8
5.5
-4.1
-35%
51.9
-73.3
-41.4
37.2
34.5
-50.1
-131.6
-130.4
-95.2
-16.6
-88.5
-22.7
-138.7
-66.3
-47.0
51.5
-83.1
27.0
31.0
1.3
-68.9
-116.3
-62.6
-47.2
-62.3
3.9
-12.5
-18.5
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-0.2
-0.9
-3.0
-2.5
-1.8
3.1
-3.8
-4.4
-0.3
-2.2
-3.9
0.1
-0.8
-1.6
-0.6
0.8
-3.8
-1.2
0.5
0.7
-4.3
-0.6
0.4
-0.6
2.1
0.2
5.1
3.4
-6%
-12.7
0.3
-9.4
-17.5
-12.1
10.2
-7.8
-25.4
-10.8
-14.6
-23.0
-19.9
-14.9
6.3
19.8
3.9
-22.5
-0.2
-11.0
-18.1
0.2
-7.1
14.2
-18.0
-3.7
-31.0
-16.9
-12.0
6%
0.4
0.4p
-0.8
3.1
2.1
7.5
-0.5p
-9.2e
-10.0
-2.6
-5.8
-6.9p
-4.1p
6.5
0.2
3.3
-4.3
-1.6
-8.2
3.0
-4.8
-2.7
-2.8
-7.2
-0.4
-1.3
4.7
0.3
14%
7.4
7.2
4.4
-3.1
2.0
3.5
-1.4
-6.4p
-10.3
2.1
-0.6
-3.0
-13.3
0.9
-1.3
27.3
-0.9
2.7
1.5
1.0
3.3
-1.6
-1.4
-4.0
5.2
2.8
4.5
6.9
133%
165.4
131.9
73.7
216.1
102.9
115.9
267.1
129.1p
176.9
137.7
117.9
121.6
340.1
92.4
56.3
305.0
95.1
143.9
223.4
127.1
75.4
202.4
66.6
107.2
82.9
147.7
194.5
173.7
60%
105.5
17.0
44.9
44.0
77.4
10.2
119.4
177.4
95.5
92.4
81.7
129.0
102.6
39.0
38.8
23.7
76.0
68.4
67.8
81.0
55.7
129.0
37.8
70.4
54.7
56.5
40.8
85.6
10%
7.7
12.2
6.9
7.4
5.5
10.3
14.2
23.3
24.1
9.8
15.6
10.4
11.9
14.4
13.5
5.3
10.7
6.4
6.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
7.0
9.1
14.0i
7.9
7.9
7.8
-0.2 pp
-0.2
1.7b
2.7
-1.3
0.9b
1.2
0.4
-0.3
0.8
0.9
-1.4
1.4
0.0
1.0
2.2
1.7
2.8
4.6
1.2b
1.1
1.7b
-0.7
0.0b
-1.0
1.2
0.7
2.0
1.0
0.5 pp
-0.1
2.7
0.0
0.3
-1.0
-3.8
1.0
12.8
5.7
0.5e
4.4
2.9
4.8
-3.1
-2.3
0.5
-0.6
-0.2
1.3
0.1
1.4
3.6
0.8
2.0
0.8
-0.3
-0.2
0.2
2 pp
1.3
6.5
0.6
-0.9
-2.0
-14.2
-0.8
25.3
14.0
1.6
17.6
12.1
22.3
-13.0
-13.8
1.1
0.2
-0.2
2.1
0.2
3.6
9.9
1.6
6.9
-0.2
-1.5
-1.2
0.8
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) International investment position of LU has been revised downwards following the revised treatment of Euro banknotes in national Balance of payments/International investment position statistics. 3) House price index e = source NCB for EL. 4) Unemployment rate for
SK, i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census. 5) Private sector debt, private sector credit flow: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014. 6) For NULC HR, d:
employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
17
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0019.png
Table 1.5: MIP Scoreboard 2012
Year
2012
Current account
balance - % of
GDP
(3 year average)
External imbalances and competitiveness
Net
Real effective
Export market
international
exchange rate - 42
share - % of
investment
trading partners,
world exports
(5 year %
position
HICP deflator
change)
(% of GDP)
(3 year % change)
Nominal unit
labour cost
index
(2010=100)
(3 year %
change)
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
5.4
12.2p
3.8
-0.1
2.7
0.0
-11.8
-2.3p
-5.1
4.3
-1.6d
2.1
3.2
-6.9
-4.2
5.9
5.0
8.7
2.3
3.8
5.3
-6.3
-0.2b
0.6
0.8
6.0
4.0
3.2
House price
index
(2015=100),
deflated
(1 year %
change)
Private sector
credit flow,
consolidated
(% of GDP)
Internal imbalances
Private sector
General
debt,
government
consolidated
gross debt
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
Unemployment
rate
(3 year average)
Total financial
sector
liabilities,
non-
consolidated
(1 year %
change)
16.5%
-5.2
10.2
5.2
2.5
3.3
10.4
-1.8
-2.6
2.9
1.2
1.0
7.3
6.3
5.2
-1.0
13.2
-5.8
6.1
5.0
0.4
10.7
-3.0
4.4
-0.7
0.7
-1.1
5.4
-3.6
Employment indicators
Activity rate - % of
Long-term
Youth
total population unemployment rate unemployment rate
aged 15-64
- % of active
- % of active
(3 year change in
population aged 15- population aged 15-
pp)
74
24
(3 year change in pp) (3 year change in pp)
Thresholds
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
-4/6%
0.2
-0.7
-2.4
6.5
6.2
0.4
-2.3
-8.4
-2.4
-1.0
-0.7
-2.2
-7.1
-1.6
-2.4
6.1
0.9
-1.1
8.7
2.0
-4.8
-6.0
-4.9
0.7
-2.9
-0.8
5.7
-3.5
-35%
51.8
-77.9
-45.9
36.1
28.5
-51.1
-137.4
-115.9
-89.9
-12.8
-90.6
-22.2
-129.1
-67.2
-53.4
49.5
-93.6
19.6
27.0
-3.2
-65.3
-116.5
-67.4
-50.1
-61.4
11.7
-14.6
-29.0
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-4.3
-4.0
0.5
-7.8
-9.0
-3.6
-12.2
-5.0
-5.3
-7.8
-8.4
-6.2
-5.9
-8.6
-6.7
-2.4
-0.8
-7.6
-6.0
-4.7
1.4
-4.0
-2.0
-4.5
-3.2
-8.3
10.2
5.9
-6%
-15.2
-0.6
-4.0
-17.4
-16.2
7.3
-15.9
-24.9
-17.9
-18.3
-23.8
-25.3
-21.7e
8.4
32.9
-9.8
-21.0
12.7
-12.4
-21.4
1.9
-16.3
12.8
-20.6
-9.9
-31.0
-19.1
-20.9
6%
0.3
-5.3p
-3.6
-4.9
1.9
3.2
-14.8p
-12.0e
-16.8
-1.9
-4.6
-5.4p
-5.3p
-0.4
-3.2
2.2
-9.2
0.7
-8.1
4.9
-6.6
-8.8
-9.2
-8.5
-6.0
-0.4
0.7
-1.7
14%
15.3
3.0
2.9
7.9
1.3
6.8
-0.6
-5.9p
-11.2
4.4
-3.0
-0.8
16.5
-2.1
0.3
24.7
-6.1
-0.7
2.0
1.2
4.8
-3.9
0.3
-2.9
3.4
7.4
2.4
1.8
133%
185.5
125.0
70.7
224.0
101.8
117.8
279.1
131.5p
187.8
138.5
120.0
125.1
328.1
97.9
61.1
295.5
101.6
153.3
225.9
128.2
73.4
210.3
71.9
112.3
77.9
148.6
192.3
179.6
60%
104.3
16.7
44.5
44.9
79.8
9.7
119.6
159.6
85.7
89.6
70.6
123.4
79.7
41.2
39.8
22.0
77.6
67.8
66.3
81.7
53.7
126.2
37.3
53.8
52.2
53.9
38.1
84.5
10%
7.7
11.3i
7.0
7.5
6.1
13.0
14.4
18.4
22.0
9.4
13.8
9.2
8.7
16.9
15.5
4.8
11.1
6.5
5.3
4.8
9.8
13.6
7.0
8.1
14.1i
8.0
8.1
7.9
-0.2 pp
0.0
-0.1
1.5
-1.6
0.9
0.8
-1.4b
0.1b
1.2
0.5
-1.7
1.2
0.5b
0.9
2.2
0.7b
2.5
3.7
-0.7
0.8
1.8
0.0
1.7
-1.4
1.0
0.2
1.4
0.4
0.5 pp
-0.1
3.8
1.0
1.5
-1.1
1.8
5.5
10.6
6.7
0.8e
5.1
2.2
3.0
3.3
3.3
0.4
0.8
0.2
1.1
0.0
1.6
3.5
0.8
2.5
2.9
0.2
0.4
0.8
2 pp
-2.1
13.0
2.9
2.3
-3.1
-6.5
6.4
29.6
15.2
0.8
16.8
10.0
13.9
-4.8
-2.9
1.5
1.8
-0.4
1.5
-1.3
5.9
12.7
2.6
7.0
6.4
-2.5
-1.3
2.1
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) International investment position of LU has been revised downwards following the revised treatment of Euro banknotes in national Balance of payments/International investment position statistics. 3) House price index e = source NCB for EL. 4) Unemployment rate: BG
and SK i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 5) Private sector debt, private sector credit flow: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014. 6) For NULC
HR, d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
18
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0020.png
Table 1.6: MIP Scoreboard 2011
Year
2011
Current account
balance - % of
GDP
(3 year average)
External imbalances and competitiveness
Net
Real effective
Export market
international
exchange rate - 42
share - % of
investment
trading partners,
world exports
(5 year %
position
HICP deflator
change)
(% of GDP)
(3 year % change)
Nominal unit
labour cost
index
(2010=100)
(3 year %
change)
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
5.3
17.7
3.4
3.6
5.7
-2.6
-15.4b
6.8p
-1.0
5.5
6.3d
5.3
9.4
-21.0
-7.8
8.8
4.3
11.0
4.8
5.8
4.2
-0.6
-0.5
8.3
6.1
9.4
5.6
7.1
House price
index
(2015=100),
deflated
(1 year %
change)
Private sector
credit flow,
consolidated
(% of GDP)
Internal imbalances
Private sector
General
debt,
government
consolidated
gross debt
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
Unemployment
rate
(3 year average)
Total financial
sector
liabilities,
non-
consolidated
(1 year %
change)
16.5%
5.4
5.4
4.3
1.6
2.9
-0.6
-2.2
-3.7
3.0
6.7
2.6
5.0
-6.1
-4.1
2.5
11.0
6.3
11.0
9.0
1.5
4.8
-4.5
4.6
-1.2
0.3
28.7
3.0
10.4
Employment indicators
Activity rate - % of
Long-term
Youth
total population unemployment rate unemployment rate
aged 15-64
- % of active
- % of active
(3 year change in
population aged 15- population aged 15-
pp)
74
24
(3 year change in pp) (3 year change in pp)
Thresholds
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
-4/6%
-0.1
-3.2
-2.6
5.5
5.8
1.9
-3.3
-11.2
-3.8
-0.9
-2.4
-2.8
-7.7
2.2
-1.5
6.6
0.1
-3.8
7.1
2.4
-4.8
-8.9
-4.9
-0.2
-4.4
0.5
5.8
-3.4
-35%
60.9
-82.8
-45.2
27.8
23.2
-54.8
-139.2
-88.8
-91.9
-8.7
-91.5
-18.3
-129.9
-74.4
-52.5
28.9
-105.7
6.3
20.4
-1.9
-62.4
-100.7
-65.4
-45.2
-64.4
15.1
-8.0
-11.7
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-1.6
1.9
-0.5
-2.6
-4.8
-0.8
-9.6
1.8
-2.5
-4.4
-4.7
-3.2
-3.0
-2.4
1.7
0.1
-4.2
-5.0
-2.4
-1.8
-11.5
-3.0
-3.2
-1.1
3.4
-2.8
3.2
-8.0
-6%
-7.5
11.3
7.6
-13.6
-9.0
24.5
-10.1
-15.7
-8.4
-15.3
-16.0
-19.2
-11.4e
26.8
29.7
-3.7
-2.2
17.8
-8.2
-12.3
15.3
-8.5
50.2
-5.7
-2.6
-23.6
-12.1
-25.7
6%
1.0
-8.7p
-1.7
-4.0
1.4
2.7
-17.8p
-7.5e
-9.8
4.0
-2.1
-2.1p
-4.5p
4.1
2.4
0.5
-6.9
-3.4
-4.0
2.9
-4.6
-6.4
-15.8
0.9
-5.2
0.0
0.8
-5.0
14%
21.8
1.4
2.1
4.4
1.6
-1.1
16.3
-6.5p
-3.7
6.4
-2.3
3.1
13.0
-2.0
-2.2
20.0
-4.4
5.4
4.2
3.0
6.7
-0.9
2.8
0.4
3.0
3.6
6.9
1.7
133%
177.0
124.2
68.3
221.0
102.5
120.4
272.7
130.2p
196.2
135.3
122.8
122.7
321.6
115.3
64.7
277.0
114.4
159.8
225.0
129.4
73.9
204.1
72.9
113.0
70.2
145.4
190.8
179.6
60%
102.6
15.2
39.8
46.1
78.6
6.1
110.3
172.1
69.5
85.2
65.0
116.5
65.7
42.7
37.2
18.7
79.9
70.1
61.6
82.2
54.1
111.4
34.4
46.6
43.7
48.5
37.9
81.3
10%
7.8
9.5i
6.9
7.0
6.8
14.2
13.5
13.4
19.7
9.2
11.6
8.2
6.5
17.7
15.7
4.8
10.7
6.7
4.8
4.9
9.2i
11.9
6.9
7.1
13.4i
8.1
8.2
7.8
-0.2 pp
-0.4
-1.9b
0.8b
-1.4
1.4b
0.5
-2.9
0.6
1.2
0.3
-1.7
-0.8
-0.1
-1.4
3.0
1.1
1.2
2.7
-1.2b
0.7
1.9
-0.3b
1.2
-1.5
-0.1b
-1.1
0.6
-0.3b
0.5 pp
0.2
3.4b
0.5b
1.3
-1.1b
5.4
6.9
5.1
6.9
1.1e
3.1
1.3
1.1
6.9
6.7
-0.2
1.6
0.4
0.7b
0.2
1.2
2.6b
0.5
1.7
2.6b
0.5
0.7
1.3
2 pp
0.7
13.1
8.2
6.2
-1.9
10.4
15.8
22.8
21.7
3.7
13.0
8.0
13.4
17.4
19.3
-0.9
6.5
1.6
1.4
0.4
8.6
8.6
6.3
5.3
14.4i
3.6
2.6
6.3
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) International investment position of LU has been revised downwards following the revised treatment of Euro banknotes in national Balance of payments/International investment position statistics. 3) House price index e = source NCB for EL. 4) Unemployment rate: BG,
PL, and SK i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 5) Youth unemployment rate: SK i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 6) Private sector debt, private sector credit flow: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series for LU.
The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014. 7) For NULC HR, d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
19
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0021.png
Table 1.7: MIP Scoreboard 2010
Year
2010
Current account
balance - % of
GDP
(3 year average)
External imbalances and competitiveness
Net
Real effective
Export market
international
exchange rate - 42
share - % of
investment
trading partners,
world exports
(5 year %
position
HICP deflator
change)
(% of GDP)
(3 year % change)
Nominal unit
labour cost
index
(2010=100)
(3 year %
change)
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
7.3
29.5
6.4
9.5
7.5
13.8
-6.7
14.0
5.7
7.5
11.8d
8.9
10.6
-2.2
0.3
16.0
6.9
9.2
7.6
9.0
11.3b
4.2
28.8
16.1
9.5
13.2
8.3
8.9
House price
index
(2015=100),
deflated
(1 year %
change)
Private sector
credit flow,
consolidated
(% of GDP)
Internal imbalances
Private sector
General
debt,
government
consolidated
gross debt
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
Unemployment
rate
(3 year average)
Total financial
sector
liabilities,
non-
consolidated
(1 year %
change)
16.5%
-1.4
-5.4
3.2
9.7
-1.1
-8.9
6.3
8.3
-1.8
3.3
3.1
4.2
8.4
-0.3
0.3
11.6
-0.3
12.4
5.9
-1.9
13.6
11.5
5.0
-3.4
1.6
19.8
2.7
7.3
Employment indicators
Activity rate - % of
Long-term
Youth
total population unemployment rate unemployment rate
aged 15-64
- % of active
- % of active
(3 year change in
population aged 15- population aged 15-
pp)
74
24
(3 year change in pp) (3 year change in pp)
Thresholds
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
-4/6%
-0.1
-10.7
-2.6
4.3
5.7
-1.5
-4.8
-12.9
-5.8
-0.9
-5.2
-2.7
-11.5
-0.8
-4.5
7.1
-2.5
-4.1
5.9
3.3
-5.3
-10.9
-7.2
-2.0
-4.9
1.8
6.6
-4.1
-35%
65.2
-91.9
-46.0
12.8
25.6
-71.2
-114.6
-99.0
-88.6
-9.3
-94.0
-20.2
-111.2
-82.9
-55.9
-20.4
-108.3
12.1
11.2
-5.2
-65.1
-104.3
-63.4
-47.2
-61.9
16.5
-5.6
-7.9
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
0.5
9.7
12.1
0.1
-3.8
4.6
-5.4
2.8
-0.3
-2.3
1.8
-2.0
-0.1
6.7
7.2
1.2
-1.3
-0.8
-1.6
-2.1
-1.3
-3.1
-10.9
1.2
11.0
-1.3
-3.3
-20.5
-6%
-11.3
8.1
11.8
-10.5
-7.7
9.5
-6.2
-14.2
-11.6
-17.4
-13.1
-18.9
-15.8e
21.8
19.1
3.4
3.5
38.0
-8.1
-12.5
24.8
-6.8
53.5
-1.5
4.0
-19.4
-12.7
-23.6
6%
1.4
-12.3p
-2.2
0.3
-0.8
2.1
-11.3p
-8.1e
-3.6
3.6
-7.7
-2.2be
-7.7p
-8.7
-8.6
4.2
-5.9
-1.1
-2.7
4.4be
-6.0e
-1.0
-13.9
-1.2
-4.9
4.8
6.4
4.0
14%
1.4
3.7
2.6
-2.9
0.0
-7.6
2.2
5.5
0.9
4.6
4.9
5.0
15.1
2.5
-5.9
-23.6
-4.2
7.5
1.7
0.3
4.3
5.3
0.9
1.9
2.9
7.3
5.3
-0.6
133%
164.4
132.5
67.9
220.6
106.7
140.4
257.2
128.1
200.3
131.8
125.3
123.3
315.6
134.0
74.5
277.9
114.9
162.4
225.8
132.3
69.7
201.5
73.9
115.1
67.4
148.9
189.1
185.1
60%
99.7
15.3
37.4
42.6
80.9
6.6
86.1
146.2
60.1
81.6
58.2
115.4
56.3
46.8
36.2
19.8
79.7
67.5
59.3
82.4
53.1
96.2
30.2
38.4
41.2
47.1
38.6
75.6
10%
7.7
7.6i
6.1
5.6
7.3
11.9i
10.8
10.0
16.4
8.6
9.9
7.6
5.1
14.9
12.5
4.9
9.7i
6.6
4.4
4.7
8.3i
10.5
6.4
5.9
12.1
7.7
7.7
7.0
-0.2 pp
0.6
0.4b
0.3
-0.7
1.1b
0.7
-3.2b
1.3
1.7
0.5
-0.6
-0.4
-0.3
0.4
2.3
1.3b
0.3
1.6
-0.3b
0.9b
2.1b
-0.2
1.9b
0.2
0.4
-1.1
0.0
-0.1b
0.5 pp
0.2
0.6b
0.2
0.9
-1.6b
5.3
5.4
1.5
5.6
0.6e
0.6
1.1
0.6
7.2
6.0
0.1
2.0
0.4
0.0b
-0.1
-1.9b
1.9
-0.8b
1.0
0.9
0.5
0.8
1.2
2 pp
3.6
7.8i
7.6
6.4
-2.0
22.8
18.5
10.3
23.4
3.8
6.9
7.5
6.4
25.6
27.3
0.2
8.3
-0.3
1.7
0.1
2.1
6.8
2.8
4.6
13.3
4.9
5.6
5.6
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) International investment position of LU has been revised downwards following the revised treatment of Euro banknotes in national Balance of payments/International investment position statistics. 3) House price index e = NSI estimates for PL; e = source NCB for EL, IT,
and AT. 4) Unemployment rate for BG, EE, HU, and PL i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 5) Youth unemployment rate for BG, i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 6) Private sector debt, private sector credit flow: due to improved sources and methods, there are
significant revisions in the time series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014. 7) For NULC HR, d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
20
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0022.png
Table 1.8: MIP Scoreboard 2009
Year
2009
Current account
balance - % of
GDP
(3 year average)
External imbalances and competitiveness
Net
Real effective
Export market
international
exchange rate - 42
share - % of
investment
trading partners,
world exports
(5 year %
position
HICP deflator
change)
(% of GDP)
(3 year % change)
Nominal unit
labour cost
index
(2010=100)
(3 year %
change)
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
10.0
34.6
9.0
16.4
8.1
39.2
7.8
15.8
11.8
8.2
16.1d
11.1
12.4
37.2
13.0
17.6
12.6
11.2
12.1
10.2
12.3
6.6
37.0
18.5
10.9
15.2
15.9
11.1
House price
index
(2015=100),
deflated
(1 year %
change)
Private sector
credit flow,
consolidated
(% of GDP)
Internal imbalances
Private sector
General
debt,
government
consolidated
gross debt
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
Unemployment
rate
(3 year average)
Total financial
sector
liabilities,
non-
consolidated
(1 year %
change)
16.5%
0.8
1.3
2.5
5.6
-6.3
-7.8
3.4
10.1
3.8
0.1
5.0
5.0
11.7
-9.2
-4.7
6.3
1.9
4.3
8.2
-2.0
9.0
8.9
16.0
7.7
-4.7
7.8
3.5
-17.0
Employment indicators
Activity rate - % of
Long-term
Youth
total population unemployment rate unemployment rate
aged 15-64
- % of active
- % of active
(3 year change in
population aged 15- population aged 15-
pp)
74
24
(3 year change in pp) (3 year change in pp)
Thresholds
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
-4/6%
0.0
-18.1
-2.9
2.6
6.0
-7.1
-6.3
-14.2
-7.7
-0.7
-7.2
-2.0
-11.7
-8.4
-9.2
8.2
-4.9
-3.2
5.8
3.6
-5.7
-10.8
-10.2
-3.3
-5.3
2.7
7.3
-4.1
-35%
57.5
-49.7
-43.9
0.9
25.0
-80.1
-116.5
-87.5
-93.5
-14.8
-86.9
-22.3
-100.3
-82.7
-58.4
-28.9
-115.0
12.6
1.4
-5.0
-57.3
-107.9
-62.0
-43.6
-66.5
3.2
-7.2
-15.9
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
3.9
18.3
13.6
5.5
2.9
13.6
5.1
4.8
4.6
2.6
5.9
3.6
3.6
23.5
16.7
3.8
7.7
5.9
2.7
2.0
-4.1
1.1
-4.9
5.2
27.1
5.0
-8.5
-19.9
-6%
-9.0
19.2
27.2
-1.1
-6.7
16.3
1.9
-10.3
-9.0
-14.4
-5.2
-17.9
-9.1e
52.6
30.8
11.9
12.9
45.8
-5.4
-6.1
34.4
-8.1
69.4
9.6
9.5
-12.9
-15.9
-20.0
6%
-0.1
-21.0p
-4.7
-13.0
1.3
-37.0
-13.2
-4.6e
-5.8
-4.8
-8.0
-0.1e
-6.7
-34.9
-32.8
-0.6
-9.0
-6.2
-3.4
3.6e
-5.4e
1.0
-27.1e
-10.2
-12.7
-0.4p
0.8
-9.7
14%
8.9
4.7
0.5
-1.9
-0.9
-6.0
-4.5
2.2
-1.2
3.3
2.6
0.8
13.3
-8.6
-9.4
8.6
6.0
12.7
8.6
1.3
4.4
5.3
-1.7
2.9
3.0
0.8
5.9
-3.8
133%
168.9
133.8
65.9
232.2
113.0
153.2
256.1
116.5
201.4
130.5
119.1
122.5
306.0
125.4
83.3
326.5
116.4
168.1
228.8
131.9
67.1
204.2
71.9
113.5
69.2
142.8
201.5
192.0
60%
99.5
13.7
33.6
40.2
72.6
7.0
61.5
126.7
52.8
78.9
49.0
112.5
53.8
35.8
28.0
15.7
77.2
67.6
56.8
79.6
49.4
83.6
23.2
34.6
36.3
41.7
41.4
64.1
10%
7.5
6.4
5.5
4.4
7.8
7.9i
7.7
8.6
12.5
8.2
9.3
6.8
4.3
10.4
8.0
4.7
8.4i
6.5
4.1
4.8
8.3i
9.5
6.2
5.1
11.0
7.2
6.9
6.2
-0.2 pp
0.4
2.7
-0.2
-0.4
1.4
1.2
-1.3b
0.7b
2.0
0.6
2.6e
-0.3
0.0b
2.5
2.0
2.0b
-0.8
1.5
2.3
1.9
1.3
-0.2
-0.5
0.9
-0.2
-0.2
0.1
0.0
0.5 pp
-0.7
-2.0
-1.9
-0.2
-2.2
0.8
2.1b
-1.0b
2.5
-0.5e
-1.3
0.1
-0.3b
2.1
0.7
-0.2b
0.8
0.2
-0.9
-0.3
-5.3
0.3
-1.9
-1.1
-3.7
-0.5
0.1
0.7
2 pp
1.4
-3.2
-0.9
4.1
-2.5
15.3
15.3
0.7
19.8
1.6
-3.5
3.5
3.8
19.7
19.6
1.0
7.3
-1.0
0.2
0.9
-9.2i
4.1
-0.2
-0.3
0.6
2.8
3.5
5.2
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) International investment position of LU has been revised downwards following the revised treatment of Euro banknotes in national Balance of payments/International investment position statistics. 3) House price index e = NSI estimates for PL and RO; e = source NCB
for EL, IT, and AT. 4) Private sector debt, private sector credit flow: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014. 5) Unemployment rate for EE, HU, and PL i = Eurostat back-calculation to
include 2011 Population Census results. 6) Youth unemployment rate for PL, i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 7) For NULC HR, d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
21
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0023.png
Table 1.9: MIP Scoreboard 2008
Year
2008
Current account
balance - % of
GDP
(3 year average)
External imbalances and competitiveness
Net
Real effective
Export market
international
exchange rate - 42
share - % of
investment
trading partners,
world exports
(5 year %
position
HICP deflator
change)
(% of GDP)
(3 year % change)
Nominal unit
labour cost
index
(2010=100)
(3 year %
change)
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
8.9
25.5
6.8
13.2
-0.1
48.7
16.8
7.4
13.7
6.5
10.1d
8.5
6.1
78.3
28.8
12.6
11.3
9.5
6.6
6.3
10.5
4.5
39.1
10.6
6.0
7.5
9.8
10.4
House price
index
(2015=100),
deflated
(1 year %
change)
Private sector
credit flow,
consolidated
(% of GDP)
Internal imbalances
Private sector
General
debt,
government
consolidated
gross debt
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
Unemployment
rate
(3 year average)
Total financial
sector
liabilities,
non-
consolidated
(1 year %
change)
16.5%
-4.4
-0.8
6.0
0.0
4.6
4.3
6.5
4.4
3.8
1.9
-8.2
-0.8
115.7
9.0
4.2
-6.4
26.1
13.2
3.8
10.9
6.8
4.4
14.0
6.6
10.5
16.8
12.0
46.9
Employment indicators
Activity rate - % of
Long-term
Youth
total population unemployment rate unemployment rate
aged 15-64
- % of active
- % of active
(3 year change in
population aged 15- population aged 15-
pp)
74
24
(3 year change in pp) (3 year change in pp)
Thresholds
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
-4/6%
1.0
-21.0
-3.0
2.6
6.0
-12.9
-6.3
-13.9
-9.3
-0.4
-7.6
-1.9
-11.8
-17.9
-13.3
9.1
-7.0
-3.2
7.1
3.9
-5.7
-10.8
-12.0
-3.8
-7.3
3.3
8.1
-3.9
-35%
51.8
-48.0
-38.1
-5.1
18.1
-75.4
-95.7
-75.8
-80.2
-13.8
-73.8
-21.7
-79.1
-74.2
-51.5
16.3
-101.7
4.2
-8.1
-10.0
-55.6
-95.1
-52.5
-39.4
-58.1
-4.6
-7.9
9.7
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
3.4
18.5
23.2
2.2
0.9
12.6
7.3
2.4
5.2
1.5
5.6
1.9
2.3
20.8
8.9
3.4
7.9
5.9
-0.1
-0.1
13.9
2.1
9.4
2.2
25.0
-0.3
-2.2
-11.5
-6%
-11.0
35.6
53.1
-4.1
-4.5
37.0
-16.7
4.8
-14.3
-18.8
-5.7
-15.9
-25.3e
76.8
43.1e
15.7
25.3
10.9
-6.1
-4.5
51.4e
-11.1
91.9
16.3
31.9e
-4.3
-6.8
-22.6
6%
1.2
17.6p
7.7e
-7.8
-0.4
-16.6
-8.0
-2.5e
-4.8
-1.9
-2.6e
-0.5e
0.6
-10.9
-1.8
0.2
-3.1
7.1
0.0
-1.1e
na
0.9be
na
1.3
12.9
-2.4p
-2.0
-8.2
14%
16.5
33.3
9.3
18.8
0.5
10.5
22.0
15.5
11.7
9.8
16.1
6.6
29.8
9.1
10.3
-5.5
12.6
13.4
9.7
5.4
14.2
15.9
13.1
15.5
10.9
16.7
18.7
12.6
133%
162.7
131.4
63.8
222.3
109.7
136.7
236.4
113.0
195.7
122.2
110.8
113.9
285.0
104.5
76.7
296.1
105.0
153.3
216.3
126.7
67.3
196.2
65.5
105.6
64.9
132.7
189.1
190.7
60%
92.5
13.0
28.3
33.3
65.1
4.5
42.4
109.4
39.5
68.0
39.6
102.4
45.1
18.2
14.6
14.9
71.0
62.6
54.7
68.4
46.3
71.7
13.2
21.8
28.5
32.7
37.8
49.9
10%
7.6
7.2
5.6
3.7i
8.7
5.3i
5.2
8.4
9.3
8.1
10.0i
6.5
4.1
6.9
5.3
4.6i
7.6i
6.4
4.3
4.8
10.2
8.9
6.4
5.1
11.4
7.0
6.5
5.4
-0.2 pp
0.4
5.7
-0.7
0.9
2.1b
3.5
1.3
0.3
2.7b
0.2
2.5e
0.4
1.2
5.1
-0.3
0.2
-0.1
1.5b
2.4
2.5
-0.6
0.7
0.6
1.1
-0.1
1.3
1.1b
0.4b
0.5 pp
-1.1
-3.1
-2.0
-0.6
-2.0
-2.7
0.3
-1.5
-0.2
-0.8e
-1.7
-0.7
-0.8
-2.6
-3.1u
0.4
0.4
-0.8
-1.0
-0.4
-7.9
-0.1
-1.6
-1.2
-5.1
-0.9
-0.3
0.4
2 pp
-3.5
-9.1
-9.4
-0.6
-5.0
-3.1i
4.6
-3.9
4.9
-2.0
-8.1
-2.9
-4.9
-1.5
-2.5
2.7
0.1i
-4.4
-3.2
-2.5
-19.7
0.8
-1.5
-5.5
-11.1
-3.6
-2.4
2.2
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional. u:Low reliability.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) International investment position of LU has been revised downwards following the revised treatment of Euro banknotes in national Balance of payments/International investment position statistics. 3) House price index e = NSI estimates for CZ; e = source NCB for EL,
HR, IT, PT and AT. 4) Unemployment rate for DK, EE, HR, HU and LU i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 5) Youth unemployment rate for EE and HU i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 6) Private sector debt, private sector credit flow: due to improved sources
and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014. 7) For NULC HR, d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
22
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1821737_0024.png
Table 1.10: MIP Scoreboard 2007
Year
2007
Current account
balance - % of
GDP
(3 year average)
External imbalances and competitiveness
Net
Real effective
Export market
international
exchange rate - 42
share - % of
investment
trading partners,
world exports
(5 year %
position
HICP deflator
change)
(% of GDP)
(3 year % change)
Nominal unit
labour cost
index
(2010=100)
(3 year %
change)
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
5.2
16.7
2.5
9.8
-2.9
31.8
13.1
11.0
11.3
5.7
7.8p
6.5
9.8
69.7
25.0
6.8
10.0
4.9
2.3
3.5
3.2
5.1
39.3
5.4
5.7
3.8
4.9
10.0
House price
index
(2015=100),
deflated
(1 year %
change)
Private sector
credit flow,
consolidated
(% of GDP)
Internal imbalances
Private sector
General
debt,
government
consolidated
gross debt
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
Unemployment
rate
(3 year average)
Total financial
sector
liabilities,
non-
consolidated
(1 year %
change)
16.5%
14.7
29.3
15.5
10.2
8.2
27.9
9.6
22.2
16.8
12.6
23.6
0.6
27.2
36.7
34.6
13.7
23.7
44.0
14.9
11.0
18.4
10.2
35.3
28.6
25.7
10.2
9.5
16.8
Employment indicators
Activity rate - % of
Long-term
Youth
total population unemployment rate unemployment rate
aged 15-64
- % of active
- % of active
(3 year change in
population aged 15- population aged 15-
pp)
74
24
(3 year change in pp) (3 year change in pp)
Thresholds
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
-4/6%
2.0
-17.5
-3.1
3.0
5.7
-12.9
-5.1
-11.8
-8.7
-0.1
-6.4
-1.3
-8.6
-17.7
-11.2
10.2
-7.0
-5.0
7.8
3.1
-4.3
-10.1
-10.9
-2.6
-8.7
3.6
7.5
-3.0
-35%
33.6
-39.4
-36.4
-5.8
18.7
-71.3
-31.4
-93.7
-79.6
-8.9
-89.1
-21.2
-56.5
-69.0
-54.6
-18.2
-88.1
21.4
-15.0
-9.7
-49.2
-88.8
-46.9
-25.5
-56.4
-27.9
1.2
-8.0
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
0.2
9.8
12.4
-1.3
-1.5
6.5
3.0
-0.4
2.7
-1.6
1.9
-1.2
-1.3
7.7
0.9
2.4
6.5
1.2
-2.1
-1.8
16.3
0.6
36.0
-1.2
18.0
-4.9
-4.1
-0.4
-6%
-6.7
45.7
58.4
-6.0
2.1
53.9
-12.0
9.3
-4.8
-17.0
12.9
-8.9
-18.7e
95.6
30.5e
25.6
28.7
na
-2.5
1.6
55.7e
-3.3
84.2
23.6
67.6e
-4.6
1.4
-15.0
6%
4.8
18.3p
16.0e
0.9
-3.7
12.2
4.8
2.1e
6.3
3.5b
8.9e
2.6e
8.0
22.0
19.3
4.7be
na
19.6
2.4
2.1e
na
-1.9e
na
18.7e
25.7
3.9p
10.9
7.8
14%
17.0
41.2
9.3
17.1
2.1
12.3
24.9
16.2
26.4
11.2
16.8
12.0
30.4
29.5
22.8
148.8
15.9
7.8
12.9
7.3
12.5
18.2
20.3
21.5
9.6
13.2
20.1
18.4
133%
134.5
123.4
57.4
208.5
110.9
123.0
198.1
101.5
191.2
115.6
101.3
109.7
265.5
102.6
74.7
309.6
93.7
146.7
214.9
123.9
54.4
185.0
57.8
96.3
60.4
123.6
167.9
183.8
60%
87.0
16.3
27.5
27.3
63.7
3.7
23.9
103.1
35.6
64.3
37.7
99.8
53.5
8.0
15.9
7.7
65.0
62.3
42.7
64.7
44.2
68.4
12.7
22.8
30.1
34.0
39.3
41.9
10%
8.1
8.7
6.8
4.2i
9.9i
6.2
4.5
9.1
8.6
8.6
11.5i
6.9
4.6
7.7
6.1
4.5i
7.4
6.7
5.0
5.3
13.8
8.9
6.9
5.8
13.7
7.7
7.0
5.2
-0.2 pp
1.2
4.5
-0.1
0.0
3.0e
2.7
3.1b
0.3b
2.9
0.0
2.2e
-0.4b
1.3e
3.3
-1.3
1.1b
1.1
0.6
1.9
3.1b
-0.8b
1.2
0.0
1.5
-1.4
1.4
1.9
0.2b
0.5 pp
-0.3
-3.1
-1.4
-0.6
-0.6
-2.9
-0.2b
-1.4
-1.8
-0.4e
-1.3
-0.9
-0.6
-3.4
-4.2u
0.1b
0.8
-0.7
-0.3
-0.2b
-5.4
0.8
-1.6
-1.1
-3.5
-0.6
-0.5
0.3
2 pp
-2.4
-10.2
-9.7
-0.7
-1.9
-13.8
0.4
-3.8
-3.9
-0.9
-7.5
-3.1
0.0
-9.4
-13.4
-0.8
2.6
-3.1
-2.0
-1.1
-18.0
1.7
-1.2
-6.0
-12.8
-4.2
-1.2
2.3
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional. u:Low reliability.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) International investment position of LU has been revised downwards following the revised treatment of Euro banknotes in national Balance of payments/International investment position statistics. 3) House price index: e = NSI estimates for CZ and SI; e = source NCB
for EL, HR, IT, AT, and PT; e = NSI&NCB estimates for LU. 4) Unemployment rate for DK, DE, HR, and LU i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 5) Private sector debt, private sector credit flow: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series for LU. The main
impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
23
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1821737_0025.png
Chapter 2: Tables by year - Auxiliary indicators used in the economic reading of the MIP scoreboard
Table 2.1: Auxiliary indicators, 2016
Net trade balance of energy
products
(% of GDP)
Unit labour cost
performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
Foreign direct investment
in the reporting economy -
flows
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment
in the reporting economy -
stocks
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic
expenditure on R&D
(% of
GDP)
Financial sector leverage,
non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
Nominal unit labour cost
index (2010=100)
(10 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Real effective exchange
rate - Euro Area trading
partners
(3 year % change)
Export market share in
volume
(1 year % change)
Current plus capital
account (Net lending-
borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Gross fixed capital
formation
(% of GDP)
House price index
(2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Export performance
against advanced
economies
(5 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Private sector debt,
non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Year
2016
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
1.5
3.9
2.6
1.7
1.9
2.1
5.1
-0.2p
3.3p
1.2p
3.0e
0.9
3.0p
2.1
2.3
3.1
2.2
5.5
2.2p
1.5
2.9
1.5p
4.6p
3.1
3.3
1.9
3.3
1.8
23.4
18.6
25.0
20.1
20.0
22.3
31.8
11.7p
20.0p
22.0p
19.9e
17.1
17.5p
18.2
18.9
17.2
19.2
23.8
19.9p
23.1
18.1
15.3p
22.7p
17.6
21.2
21.5
24.0
16.4
2.5p
0.8p
1.7p
2.9e
2.9e
na
1.2e
1.0p
na
na
0.9p
na
na
0.4p
0.7p
na
1.2
0.6p
na
3.1p
na
1.3p
na
na
0.8
2.8
3.3p
na
0.2
7.5
2.2
7.3
8.4
3.0
2.3
-0.5
2.2
-0.9
3.5
2.6
-4.7
2.4
0.4
4.4
6.2
7.4
8.8
2.0
0.8
1.7
0.4
4.5
0.5
-1.3
4.4
-6.0
-26.6
-9.5
-13.5
-7.3
-14.6
-11.7
-368.6
137.5
88.8
37.5
40.9
55.1
152.0
28.8
24.7
-1875.5
9.5
-222.0
43.7
19.5
32.1
94.5
22.5
29.0
28.4
51.8
45.6
na
8.0
2.2
3.3
2.1
1.5
3.2
25.8
1.6
2.6
1.7
3.7
1.0
13.0
0.9
2.3
23.2
55.6
22.3
19.6
-7.8
3.6
4.5
3.3
3.2
4.0
-1.8
2.9
11.2
214.5
88.3
75.0
52.5
41.7
99.8
503.3
16.0
59.7
44.8
57.7
25.9
1061.6
58.1
41.3
8938.5
260.8
1736.5
598.9
66.6
50.2
76.1
44.8
37.1
65.6
49.9
80.3
74.5
-2.2
-2.4
-2.1
0.0
-1.5
-1.0
-1.1
-1.7p
-1.5p
-1.4p
-2.7e
-1.6
-3.4p
-2.3
-2.6
-2.5
-3.2
-9.0
-0.7p
-1.9
-1.4
-1.6p
-0.9p
-2.1
-2.6
-1.4
-0.8
-0.5
2.1
-4.6
-3.6
-0.2
0.4
0.4
-0.9
-3.2
-2.2
0.1
-1.0
-0.7
-3.3
-0.1
-0.7
-0.2
-5.1
2.1
-0.4
2.4
-5.5
0.5
-2.6
-1.6
-2.0
0.5
-7.7
5.1
-5.0
5.1
-0.0
-6.9
-0.1
-3.5
55.3
-21.2
-0.7
-5.1
5.1
-5.5
-5.7
6.2
2.4
22.7
-3.2
5.6
-2.7
-6.7
14.8
2.8
20.1
1.1
4.3
-16.5
-10.5
-2.9
2.0
3.0
3.6
2.6
6.6
3.0
0.4
6.1p
0.0p
6.0p
1.7e
7.5
0.0p
-0.1
5.6
-1.0
2.6
1.4
1.8p
2.1
4.9
7.8p
4.8p
3.0
-2.2
5.4
1.8
7.3
5.2
5.8
2.2
0.2
0.3
1.8
2.3
-4.1p
2.5p
-0.5p
3.3e
0.1
1.6p
1.8
1.2
0.4
1.1
1.2
2.0p
-0.4
6.5
1.8p
6.0p
4.1
3.9
-1.0
1.0
-1.2
0.2
3.4p
1.3
0.0
0.6
1.8
2.3
-0.7p
0.7p
0.5p
2.7d
-0.3
-0.1p
2.4
0.4
0.0
-0.4
1.8
1.1p
0.2
2.3p
-0.1p
5.5p
1.2
0.9
1.4
1.6
0.4
17.6
77.5p
17.0
20.9
19.0
64.4
-23.6
1.9p
5.9p
15.9p
4.3d
16.4
3.0p
56.6
28.0
28.4
23.2
22.1
14.7p
24.1
21.1p
2.6p
44.0p
20.6
16.1
26.4
25.0
20.4
1.5
52.1
-0.9
4.4
3.2
38.6
-28.8
-11.5
-8.4
-0.1
-5.1
0.6
-7.9
27.2
5.3
7.8
9.1
6.9
1.7
4.8
2.3
-11.2
20.3
1.7
-1.7
8.1
8.4
2.9
3.8p
11.6p
14.2p
16.2
14.5
27.3
39.6p
-14.2e
8.7
-2.0
-3.6
-7.6p
-2.9p
11.1
16.3
16.6
33.6
14.6p
9.9
17.8
4.4
15.1
6.7
-2.8
14.0
0.3
34.4
22.4
5.9
2.7
3.7
4.4
5.9
4.8
2.1
0.6p
4.6p
6.0p
na
4.4
4.6p
2.0
3.0
3.2
2.4
3.9
4.0p
4.2
3.0
2.5p
2.5p
2.1
2.4
6.1
5.1
3.6
225.5
117.0
77.5
221.3
105.9
126.6
300.2
124.7p
165.8p
188.7p
130.6e
116.5
345.6p
96.9
63.3
410.1
92.5
194.8
231.3p
142.2
86.4
185.0p
57.2p
88.1
92.6
176.4
231.6
168.2
192.6
475.6
530.0
158.9
367.2
359.1
72.3
1354.2
452.0
347.5
375.9
751.4
76.3
643.0
547.5
54.0
75.8
35.4
119.8p
191.0
321.0
394.9
406.7
399.3
571.6e
293.1
185.3
686.6
Flags:e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) House price index e = source NCB for EL. 2) Official transmission deadline for 2016 data on Gross domestic expenditure on R&D is 31 October 2017 while data were extracted on 24 October 2017. 3) Nominal unit labour cost and labour productivity for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of
domestic concept. 4) Private sector debt, private sector credit flow: the decline for IE relative to 2015 predominantly reflects restructuring and re-domiciling activities of large multinational companies.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
24
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0026.png
Table 2.1 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2016
Year
2016
Activity rate - %
of total
Employment rate
population aged
(1 year % change)
15-64
(%)
Long-term
unemployment
rate - % of active
population aged
15-74
(%)
Young people neither in
Youth
employment nor in education
unemployment
and training - % of total
rate - % of active
population aged 15-24
population aged
15-24
3 year change
(%)
%
in pp
20.1
17.2
10.5
12.0
7.1
13.4
17.2
47.3
44.4
24.6
31.8
37.8
29.1
17.3
14.5
19.1
12.9
11.0
10.8
11.2
17.7
28.2
20.6
15.2
22.2
20.1
18.9
13.0
9.9
18.2
7.0
5.8b
6.7
9.1
13.0
15.8
14.6
11.9
16.9
19.9
16.0
11.2
9.4
5.4
11.0
8.5
4.6
7.7
10.5
10.6
17.4
8.0
12.3
9.9
6.5
10.9
-2.8
-3.4
-2.1
-0.2b
0.4
-2.2
-3.1
-4.6
-4.0
0.7
-2.7
-2.3
-2.7
-1.8
-1.7
0.4
-4.5
-1.4
-1.0
0.4
-1.7
-3.5
0.4
-1.2
-1.4
0.6
-1.0
-2.3
People at risk of poverty or
social exclusion -
% of total population
People living in households
People at risk of poverty after Severely materially deprived
with very low work intensity -
social transfers -
people -
% of total population aged 0-
% of total population
% of total population
59
3 year change
in pp
0.4
1.9b
1.1
0.0
0.4
3.1
na
-1.9
1.9
-0.1
0.0
na
0.8
2.4
1.3
0.6bp
-0.5
0.8
2.3b
-0.3
0.0
0.3
2.3p
-0.6
-0.1
-0.2
1.4
0.0
3 year change
in pp
5.5
31.9b
4.8
2.6
3.7
4.7
7.5e
22.4
5.8
4.4
12.5
11.9p
13.6
12.8
13.5
1.6bp
16.2
4.4
2.6b
3.0
6.7
8.4
23.8
5.4
8.2
2.2
0.8
5.2
0.4
-11.1b
-1.8
-1.0
-1.7
-2.9
-2.4e
2.1
-0.4
-0.5
-2.2
-0.4p
-2.5
-11.2
-2.5
-0.2bp
-11.6
-5.1
0.1b
-1.2
-5.2
-2.5
-6.0
-1.3
-2.0
-0.3
-0.6
-3.1
3 year change
in pp
0.6
-1.1b
-0.2
-1.3
-0.3
-2.6
na
-1.0
-0.8
0.3
-1.8
na
2.7
-2.8
-0.8
0.0bp
-5.4
-1.7
0.4b
0.3
-0.8
-3.1
0.6
-0.6
-1.1
2.4
1.4
-1.9
%
20.7
40.4b
13.3
16.7
19.7
24.4
na
35.6
27.9
18.2
27.9
na
27.7
28.5
30.1
19.7bp
26.3
20.1
16.7b
18.0
21.9
25.1
38.8p
18.4
18.1
16.6
18.3
22.2
3 year change
in pp
-0.1
-7.6b
-1.3
-1.6
-0.6
0.9
na
-0.1
0.6
0.1
-2.0
na
-0.1
-6.6
-0.7
0.7bp
-8.5
-3.9
0.8b
-0.8
-3.9
-2.4
-3.1p
-2.0
-1.7
0.6
1.9
-2.6
%
15.5
22.9b
9.7
11.9
16.5
21.7
na
21.2
22.3
13.6
19.5
na
16.1
21.8
21.9
16.5bp
14.5
16.5
12.7b
14.1
17.3
19.0
25.3p
13.9
12.7
11.6
16.2
15.9
%
%
14.6
11.9b
6.7
10.6
9.6
5.8
na
17.2
14.9
8.4
13.0
na
10.6
7.2
10.2
6.6bp
8.2
7.3
9.7b
8.1
6.4
9.1
8.2
7.4
6.5
11.4
8.5
11.3
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
1.3
0.5p
1.3
1.7
1.3
0.3
2.8
0.5p
2.5p
0.6p
0.3d
1.3
3.1p
-0.3
2.0
3.0
2.6
3.7
1.1p
1.2
0.6p
1.6p
-0.9p
1.9
2.4
0.5
1.7
1.4
67.6
68.7
75.0
80.0b
77.9
77.5
70.5
68.2
74.2
71.4
65.6
64.9
73.4
76.3
75.5
70.0
70.1
69.1
79.7
76.2
68.8
73.7
65.6
71.6
71.9
75.9
82.1
77.3
4.0
4.5
1.7
1.4b
1.7
2.1
4.2
17.0
9.5
4.6
6.6
6.7
5.8
4.0
3.0
2.2
2.4
1.9
2.5
1.9
2.2
6.2
3.0
4.3
5.8
2.3
1.3
1.3
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) Young people neither in employment nor in education and training: for ES change in the classification of non-formal education activities; for FR, data are impacted from the changes in the questionnaire introduced in 2013 and inclusion of French overseas departments (DROM). 2) Official
transmission deadline for 2016 data on People at risk of poverty and social exclusion is 30 November 2017 while data were extracted on 24 October 2017. 3) Employment rate for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
25
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0027.png
Table 2.2: Auxiliary indicators, 2015
Net trade balance of energy
products
(% of GDP)
Unit labour cost
performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
Foreign direct investment
in the reporting economy -
flows
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment
in the reporting economy -
stocks
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic
expenditure on R&D
(% of
GDP)
Financial sector leverage,
non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
Nominal unit labour cost
index (2010=100)
(10 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Real effective exchange
rate - Euro Area trading
partners
(3 year % change)
Export market share in
volume
(1 year % change)
Current plus capital
account (Net lending-
borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Gross fixed capital
formation
(% of GDP)
House price index
(2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Export performance
against advanced
economies
(5 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Private sector debt,
non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Year
2015
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
1.4
3.6
5.3
1.6
1.7
1.7
25.6
-0.3p
3.4p
1.1p
2.3
1.0
2.0
2.8
2.0
2.9
3.4
7.1
2.3
1.1
3.8
1.8
4.0
2.3
3.9
0.0
4.5
2.3
23.2
21.0
26.5
19.2
19.9
23.6
20.3
11.5p
19.8p
21.6p
19.6
16.9
13.0
22.1
19.6
17.3
21.9
25.1
19.4
22.5
20.1
15.5
24.7
18.9
23.9
20.4
23.6
16.6
2.5
1.0
1.9
3.0p
2.9
1.5
1.2
1.0
1.2
2.2p
0.9
1.3
0.5
0.6
1.0
1.3
1.4
0.8
2.0
3.1
1.0
1.2
0.5
2.2
1.2
2.9
3.3
1.7
-0.1
3.1
2.5
8.5
8.5
4.0
10.4
0.9
1.8
-0.1
5.1
1.8
-1.2
2.3
0.2
4.6
8.0
6.4
3.6
1.4
1.8
1.3
1.2
5.4
1.8
-1.0
4.5
-5.3
-54.5
1.5
-8.2
-0.6
-11.3
-10.5
-299.8
137.8
94.0
36.7
51.9
59.2
148.3
29.2
25.8
-1948.1
24.0
-257.3
51.7
19.2
34.7
100.8
27.2
35.4
28.9
49.6
47.5
na
-6.5
5.4
0.9
0.4
1.6
-3.2
81.7
0.7
2.9
1.5
0.4
0.7
41.4
3.1
2.3
1063.5
-4.4
28.7
19.3
-2.3
3.2
1.2
2.4
4.0
1.7
6.4
1.7
1.8
225.5
91.8
75.8
48.7
41.3
98.9
499.0
14.8
59.1
44.0
54.4
25.6
1050.0
59.8
40.0
9159.2
222.4
1771.4
587.2
75.0
48.1
73.5
42.6
34.4
63.5
57.3
82.8
67.5
-2.7
-3.8
-2.4
0.0
-2.0
-1.5
-1.5
-2.1p
-2.0p
-1.8p
-3.4
-2.0
-4.1
-3.2
-3.6
-3.1
-4.2
-9.2
-1.1
-2.3
-1.6
-2.3
-0.9
-3.1
-3.5
-1.8
-0.9
-0.6
0.2
-3.9
-8.0
-1.3
0.5
1.6
-1.3
-5.2
-1.3
-0.4
-1.1
-0.5
-2.4
-2.0
-1.4
0.3
-7.1
1.0
1.0
2.3
-1.9
-1.0
2.4
-0.7
-1.2
1.1
-7.8
14.0
-10.6
13.9
-0.4
-6.8
-1.1
9.5
43.0
-19.6
-2.4
-4.2
-4.4
-7.5
-10.6
14.5
17.0
26.1
-6.4
-0.5
-5.1
-7.7
11.2
4.0
22.7
-2.8
6.1
-20.0
-7.8
3.7
0.1
3.5
0.9
0.6
2.1
2.5
2.6
6.0p
-4.2p
2.7p
0.5
2.2
-0.5
0.1
2.2
0.1
0.0
1.0
-0.3
-0.2
2.5
4.7
6.0
0.7
-3.2
2.7
0.6
4.3
0.2
2.6
2.9
-1.3
2.1
-3.8
35.3
0.0p
1.1p
1.2p
6.3
1.3
3.2
-0.1
-3.5
3.8
5.4
1.1
3.4
0.0
4.6
3.0
1.5
1.9
3.3
-2.3
2.6
1.9
0.5
3.3p
3.8
0.3
0.8
-1.2
22.5
-1.0p
0.7p
0.8p
1.1d
0.3
0.5
1.4
0.7
0.3
0.9
3.0
1.3p
0.5
2.3
0.4
5.3
1.0
1.8
0.1
3.0
0.6
20.3
78.4p
13.9
21.5
15.0
72.6
-20.7
1.4p
10.2p
17.6p
8.7d
17.7
5.4
73.8
35.5
31.1
20.1
25.9
14.5p
23.2
17.7
1.1
43.6
20.2
16.3
28.4
23.7
22.4
4.0
54.3
-2.1
4.3
-1.3
41.7
-27.1
-13.8
-5.2
1.7
-3.6
2.9
-6.2
42.7
11.5
11.6
6.5
9.4
0.8
6.3
0.1
-12.2
22.7
2.7
-0.3
9.5
7.0
5.9
2.3p
2.0bp
6.5p
15.3
11.4
34.5
31.5p
-21.6e
-5.6
-4.9
-8.2
-12.2p
-7.1bp
9.5
11.7
15.5
14.8
8.1
-1.9
14.2
-2.0
5.4
0.5
-10.8
7.8
0.8
30.5
17.4
5.8
1.4
3.6
4.0
5.7
4.4
1.9
0.7p
4.4p
5.9p
na
4.3
4.2
2.5
2.8
3.0
2.2
3.2
3.5
4.3
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.1
2.3
5.6
4.6
3.6
214.0
121.5
77.9
219.5
105.7
127.4
328.3
126.1p
174.6p
183.5p
138.2
118.2
354.7
97.5
59.1
418.7
99.5
198.0
236.0
142.3
83.4
195.8
61.2
95.5
85.9
191.0
234.4
164.8
176.3
506.7
507.8
154.5
368.7
376.7
78.9
1343.4
466.3
358.6
427.7
660.4
78.2
625.4
468.3
53.5
109.3
36.8
123.1
183.2
300.9
379.1
390.7
409.7
530.6e
303.1
186.5
645.7
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) House price index e = source NCB for EL. 2) Nominal unit labour cost and labour productivity for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept. 3) Private sector debt, private sector credit flow: significant increases for IE due to re-domiciling of large multinational corporations and
movement of large parts of their balance sheets.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
26
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0028.png
Table 2.2 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2015
Year
2015
Activity rate - %
of total
Employment rate
population aged
(1 year % change)
15-64
(%)
Long-term
unemployment
rate - % of active
population aged
15-74
(%)
Young people neither in
Youth
employment nor in education
unemployment
and training - % of total
rate - % of active
population aged 15-24
population aged
15-24
3 year change
(%)
%
in pp
22.1
21.6
12.6
10.8
7.2
13.1
20.9
49.8
48.3
24.7
42.3
40.3
32.8
16.3
16.3
16.6
17.3
11.8
11.3
10.6
20.8
32.0
21.7
16.3
26.5
22.4
20.4
14.6
12.2
19.3
7.5
6.2
6.2
10.8
14.3
17.2
15.6
12.0
18.1
21.4
15.3
10.5
9.2
6.2b
11.6b
10.4
4.7
7.5
11.0
11.3
18.1
9.5
13.7
10.6
6.7
11.1
-0.1
-2.2
-1.4
-0.4
-0.9
-1.4
-4.4
-3.0
-3.0
-0.5
1.5
0.4
-0.7
-4.4
-2.0
0.3b
-3.2b
-0.2
-0.2
0.7
-0.8
-2.6
1.3
0.2
-0.1
2.0
-1.1
-2.8
People at risk of poverty or
social exclusion -
% of total population
People living in households
People at risk of poverty after Severely materially deprived
with very low work intensity -
social transfers -
people -
% of total population aged 0-
% of total population
% of total population
59
3 year change
in pp
-0.4
0.8
0.1
0.2
0.6
4.1
-0.3
-1.7
1.3
-0.5
-0.4
0.4
1.5
3.3
3.6
0.2
0.6
1.2
1.5
-0.5
0.5
1.6
2.5
0.8
-0.9
-0.8
2.2b
0.6
3 year change
in pp
5.8
34.2
5.6
3.7
4.4
4.5
7.5
22.2
6.4
4.5
13.7
11.5
15.4
16.4
13.9
2.0
19.4
8.1
2.6
3.6
8.1
9.6
22.7
5.8
9.0
2.2
1.1b
6.1
-0.5
-9.9
-1.0
1.0
-0.5
-4.9
-2.3
2.7
0.6
-0.8
-2.2
-3.0
0.4
-9.2
-5.9
0.7
-6.9
-1.1
0.3
-0.4
-5.4
1.0
-8.4
-0.8
-1.5
-0.7
-0.2b
-1.7
3 year change
in pp
1.0
-0.9
0.0
1.4
-0.1
-2.5
-4.2
2.6
1.1
0.2
-2.4
1.1
4.4
-3.9
-2.2
-0.4
-4.1
0.2
1.3
0.5
0.0
0.8
0.0
-0.1
-0.1
1.5
3.0b
-1.1b
%
21.1
41.3
14.0
17.7
20.0
24.2
26.0
35.7
28.6
17.7
29.1
28.7
28.9
30.9
29.3
18.5
28.2
22.4
16.4
18.3
23.4
26.6
37.4
19.2
18.4
16.8
18.6b
23.5
3 year change
in pp
-0.5
-8.0
-1.4
0.2
0.4
0.8
-4.3
1.1
1.4
-1.4
-3.5
-1.2
1.8
-5.3
-3.2
0.1
-5.3
-0.7
1.4
-0.2
-3.3
1.3
-5.8
-0.4
-2.1
-0.4
3.0b
-0.6b
%
14.9
22.0
9.7
12.2
16.7
21.6
16.3
21.4
22.1
13.6
20.0
19.9
16.2
22.5
22.2
15.3
14.9
16.3
11.6
13.9
17.6
19.5
25.4
14.3
12.3
12.4
16.3b
16.6
%
%
14.9
11.6
6.8
11.6
9.8
6.6
19.2
16.8
15.4
8.6
14.4
11.7
10.9
7.8
9.2
5.7
9.4
9.2
10.2
8.2
6.9
10.9
7.9
7.4
7.1
10.8
8.7b
11.9
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
0.9
0.4p
1.4
1.3
0.9
2.9
2.5
0.7p
2.7p
0.2p
1.2d
0.7
1.5
1.4
1.3
2.6
2.4
3.9
0.9p
0.6
1.5
1.4
-1.3
1.2
2.0
-0.1
1.5
1.7
67.6
69.3
74.0
78.5
77.6
76.7
70.0
67.8
74.3
71.3
66.9
64.0
73.9
75.7
74.1
70.9b
68.6
67.6
79.6
75.5
68.1
73.4
66.1
71.8
70.9
75.8
81.7
76.9
4.4
5.6
2.4
1.7
2.0
2.4
5.3
18.2
11.4
4.6
10.2
6.9
6.8
4.5
3.9
1.9b
3.1
2.4
3.0
1.7
3.0
7.2
3.0
4.7
7.6
2.3
1.5
1.6
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) Young people neither in employment nor in education and training: for FR, data are impacted from the changes in the questionnaire introduced in 2013 and inclusion of French overseas departments (DROM). 2) Employment rate for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of
domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
27
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0029.png
Table 2.3: Auxiliary indicators, 2014
Net trade balance of energy
products
(% of GDP)
Unit labour cost
performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
Foreign direct investment
in the reporting economy -
flows
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment
in the reporting economy -
stocks
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic
expenditure on R&D
(% of
GDP)
Financial sector leverage,
non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
Nominal unit labour cost
index (2010=100)
(10 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Real effective exchange
rate - Euro Area trading
partners
(3 year % change)
Export market share in
volume
(1 year % change)
Current plus capital
account (Net lending-
borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Gross fixed capital
formation
(% of GDP)
House price index
(2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Export performance
against advanced
economies
(5 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Private sector debt,
non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Year
2014
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
1.4
1.3
2.7
1.7
1.9
2.9
8.3
0.7p
1.4
0.9
-0.1
0.1
-1.4
1.9
3.5
5.8
4.2
8.2
1.4
0.8
3.3
0.9
3.1
3.0
2.8
-0.6
2.6
3.1
23.1
21.1
25.1
19.2
20.0
24.4
20.8
11.5p
19.3
21.8
19.3
16.7
11.7
22.5
18.9
19.0
22.2
17.4
18.0
22.6
19.7
15.0
24.3
19.4
20.7
20.6
23.1
16.4
2.4
0.8
2.0
2.9
2.9
1.5
1.5e
0.8
1.2
2.2
0.8
1.4e
0.5
0.7
1.0
1.3
1.4
0.7
2.0
3.1e
0.9
1.3
0.4
2.4
0.9
3.2
3.2e
1.7e
-1.1
2.3
0.9
8.7
7.5
1.3
-1.8
-0.2
1.6
-1.0
2.1
2.1
-3.5
1.5
5.8
3.8
5.2
10.5
8.5
2.4
0.4
1.6
2.0
6.0
2.1
-1.2
4.5
-5.4
-71.1
18.3
-4.5
0.3
-6.6
-10.6
-415.7
132.6
97.7
35.8
57.7
58.7
136.1
33.6
27.7
-1967.3
57.6
-302.1
53.7
20.0
36.4
104.4
29.8
41.4
27.5
47.8
55.7
na
-4.4
3.6
3.9
2.0
0.4
6.6
36.5
1.1
2.4
0.0
5.3
0.8
-2.2
3.0
1.1
273.1
9.5
2.8
13.1
0.4
3.6
5.7
1.9
2.0
-0.4
6.3
-1.7
2.0
228.4
96.2
77.3
49.9
41.2
104.9
385.2
11.8
59.4
42.1
56.0
25.1
849.4
56.3
38.4
7817.6
217.2
1852.4
565.3
77.8
51.5
74.0
41.9
31.5
62.1
52.4
84.0
72.1
-3.8
-5.6
-4.0
0.0
-2.8
-2.1
-2.7
-3.4p
-2.9
-2.5
-4.0
-2.6
-5.9
-4.2
-4.7
-4.4
-6.2
-14.9
-1.6
-3.0
-2.6
-3.6
-1.4
-4.1
-4.3
-2.4
-1.3
-0.8
-0.1
-2.9
-10.1
-1.4
-0.1
3.1
-1.8
-5.6
-0.6
-0.7
-1.5
0.4
-0.1
-1.3
-0.1
0.8
-7.2
0.7
1.3
1.6
-1.7
-1.2
-1.3
0.4
0.5
2.0
-3.7
10.2
-7.2
13.0
0.6
-9.8
-2.4
28.5
-6.1
-12.6
-6.0
-8.4
-14.5
-9.2
-18.7
19.0
43.3
19.4
-10.7
-6.2
-4.9
-9.7
12.3
0.7
28.8
-6.6
9.3
-21.1
-3.1
-2.8
-2.4
3.0
-1.4
2.9
-2.8
-0.1
-4.9
1.5p
-7.5
-1.7
0.6
-4.1
0.1
-0.4
-0.9
1.2
-0.8
2.1
-2.6
-2.8
-1.4
0.1
4.5
-4.6
-3.5
-2.7
-0.8
5.0
1.5
-0.6
5.0
-0.1
0.9
-1.2
10.7
4.0p
0.6
-0.4
2.3
-1.0
0.5
2.3
-0.4
10.3
5.4
0.2
0.8
-0.7
3.0
0.6
4.3
2.0
0.2
-6.4
1.6
-1.0
0.9
1.0p
2.2
0.7
1.1
2.1
6.5
-0.2p
0.4
0.5
-2.7d
0.0
0.4
3.3
1.5
3.1
-0.6
2.9
1.5
-0.1
1.5
-0.5
2.3
2.6
1.3
-0.2
1.2
0.7
22.2
82.7p
14.1
23.0
12.4
70.6
-1.0
11.8p
12.5
20.0
12.7d
19.5
14.2
88.3
37.4
32.0
26.7
24.2
15.9
22.4
19.2
4.5
81.2
21.5
18.9
29.6
24.7
23.6
5.0
55.7
-2.3
4.8
-5.6
35.0
-9.2
-5.0
-3.2
2.6
-1.8
3.5
-0.7
55.2
11.7
14.4
8.4
7.1
0.4
5.4
1.7
-10.1
54.2
3.4
2.1
10.1
5.6
5.2
2.9
-2.7p
0.9
4.9
10.0
35.0
2.1p
-27.1e
-22.3
-4.0
-6.9
-12.4p
-8.7p
16.6
7.5
14.2
-2.2
5.2
-11.6
16.8
-6.8
-4.9
-7.3
-17.6
-0.4
3.2
16.7
11.2
5.9
1.6
3.4
3.9
5.9
3.9
2.3
1.0p
4.5
6.1
na
4.5
4.1
2.5
2.5
3.2
1.9
2.5
3.0
4.3
3.0
2.5
2.4
2.2
2.3
5.5
4.0
3.5
208.1
136.8
80.6
222.7
106.7
130.0
304.1
128.0p
186.3
180.5
140.9
122.4
353.8
104.2
58.1
384.8
108.1
210.6
234.2
142.7
81.7
208.1
63.1
107.3
85.1
183.5
234.2
167.3
189.6
429.7
498.7
170.1
397.6
313.4
84.0
1001.9
490.1
393.2
465.4
782.4
99.5
642.6
443.1
54.1
125.0
41.6
126.8
193.7
284.3
358.3
402.1
449.2
774.2e
365.2
193.6
746.6
Flags:e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) House price index e = source NCB for EL. 2) Nominal unit labour cost for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept. 3) Private sector debt: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in
levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
28
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0030.png
Table 2.3 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2014
Year
2014
Activity rate - %
of total
Employment rate
population aged
(1 year % change)
15-64
(%)
Long-term
unemployment
rate - % of active
population aged
15-74
(%)
Young people neither in
Youth
employment nor in education
unemployment
and training - % of total
rate - % of active
population aged 15-24
population aged
15-24
3 year change
(%)
%
in pp
23.2
23.8
15.9
12.6
7.7
15.0
23.9
52.4
53.2
24.2
44.9
42.7
36.0
19.6
19.3
22.3
20.4
11.7
12.7
10.3
23.9
34.7
24.0
20.2
29.7
20.5
22.9
17.0
12.0
20.2
8.1
5.8
6.4
11.7
15.2
19.1
17.1b
11.4b
19.3
22.1
17.0
12.0
9.9
6.3
13.6
10.5
5.5
7.7
12.0
12.3
17.0
9.4
12.8
10.2
7.2
11.9
0.2
-1.6
-0.2
-0.5
-1.1
0.1
-3.6
1.7
-1.1b
-0.9b
3.1
2.4
2.4
-4.0
-1.9
1.6
0.4
0.3
1.2
0.4
0.5
-0.3
-0.5
2.3
-1.0
1.8
-0.3
-2.3
People at risk of poverty or
social exclusion -
% of total population
People living in households
People at risk of poverty after Severely materially deprived
with very low work intensity -
social transfers -
people -
% of total population aged 0-
% of total population
% of total population
59
3 year change
in pp
0.2
-0.4
-0.1
0.0
0.9
4.3
1.2
0.7
1.6
-0.7
-1.5
-0.4
-0.4
2.2
-0.1
2.8
0.9
0.3
0.6
-0.4
-0.7
1.5
2.8
0.9
-0.4
-0.9
1.1
0.6
3 year change
in pp
5.9
33.1
6.7
3.2
5.0
6.2
8.4
21.5
7.1
4.8
13.9
11.6
15.3
19.2
13.6
1.4
24.0
10.2
3.2
4.0
10.4
10.6
25.9
6.6
9.9
2.8
0.7
7.4
0.2
-10.5
0.6
0.9
-0.3
-2.5
0.6
6.3
2.6
-0.4
-1.3
0.5
3.6
-11.8
-5.4
0.2
0.6
3.6
0.7
0.0
-2.6
2.3
-3.6
0.5
-0.7
-0.4
-0.5
2.3
3 year change
in pp
0.8
1.1
1.0
1.7
-1.2
-2.4b
-3.2
5.2
3.7
0.2
-1.2
1.6
4.8
-3.0
-3.9
0.3
0.0
0.9
1.3
0.5
0.4
3.9
-0.1
1.1
-0.6
0.0
-0.5
0.8
%
21.2
40.1b
14.8
17.9
20.6
26.0b
27.7
36.0
29.2
18.5
29.3
28.3
27.4
32.7
27.3
19.0
31.8
23.8
16.5
19.2
24.7
27.5
40.3
20.4
18.4
17.3
16.9
24.1
3 year change
in pp
0.2
-9.0b
-0.5
0.3b
0.7
2.9b
-1.7
5.0
2.5
-0.8
-3.3
0.2
2.8
-7.4
-5.8
2.2
0.3
1.7
0.8
0.0
-2.5
3.1
-0.6
1.1
-2.2
-0.6
0.8
1.4
%
15.5
21.8
9.7
12.1
16.7
21.8
16.4
22.1
22.2
13.3
19.4
19.4
14.4
21.2
19.1
16.4
15.0
15.9
11.6
14.1
17.0
19.5
25.1
14.5
12.6
12.8
15.1
16.8
%
%
14.6
12.1
7.6
12.2
10.0
7.6b
21.0
17.2
17.1
9.6
14.7
12.1
9.7
9.6
8.8
6.1
12.8
9.8
10.2
9.1
7.3
12.2
7.2
8.7
7.1
10.0
6.4
12.3
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
0.4
0.4p
0.6
1.0
0.8
0.8
1.7
0.9p
1.0
0.4
2.7d
0.1
-1.8
-1.3
2.0
2.6
4.8
5.1
-0.1
1.0
1.7
1.4
0.8
0.4
1.4
-0.5
1.4
2.4
67.7
69.0
73.5
78.1
77.7
75.2
69.8
67.4
74.2
71.1
66.1
63.9
74.3
74.6
73.7
70.8
67.0
66.3
79.0
75.4
67.9
73.2
65.7
70.9
70.3
75.4
81.5
76.7
4.3
6.9
2.7
1.7
2.2
3.3
6.6
19.5
12.9
4.5
10.1
7.7
7.7
4.6
4.8
1.6
3.7
2.7
2.9
1.5
3.8
8.4
2.8
5.3
9.3
1.9
1.4
2.2
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) Young people neither in employment nor in education and training: for FR, data are impacted from the changes in the questionnaire introduced in 2013 and inclusion of French overseas departments (DROM). 2) Employment rate for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of
domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
29
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0031.png
Table 2.4: Auxiliary indicators, 2013
Net trade balance of energy
products
(% of GDP)
Unit labour cost
performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
Foreign direct investment
in the reporting economy -
flows
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment
in the reporting economy -
stocks
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic
expenditure on R&D
(% of
GDP)
Financial sector leverage,
non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
Nominal unit labour cost
index (2010=100)
(10 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Real effective exchange
rate - Euro Area trading
partners
(3 year % change)
Export market share in
volume
(1 year % change)
Current plus capital
account (Net lending-
borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Gross fixed capital
formation
(% of GDP)
House price index
(2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Export performance
against advanced
economies
(5 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Private sector debt,
non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Year
2013
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
0.2
0.9
-0.5
0.9
0.5
1.9
1.6
-3.2p
-1.7
0.6
-0.6
-1.7
-5.9
2.6
3.5
3.7
2.1
4.6
-0.2
0.0
1.4
-1.1
3.5
-1.1
1.5
-0.8
1.2
2.1
22.2
21.1
25.1
19.1
19.7
27.7
18.6
12.2p
18.8
22.1
19.7
17.2
14.1
23.2
18.5
19.5
20.9
17.5
17.9
23.0
18.8
14.8
24.7
19.8
20.7
21.2
22.3
15.8
2.3
0.6
1.9
3.0
2.8
1.7
1.6e
0.8
1.3
2.2
0.8
1.3
0.5
0.6
1.0
1.3
1.4
0.8
2.0
3.0
0.9
1.3
0.4
2.6
0.8
3.3
3.3e
1.7
-0.4
2.4
1.5
7.7
6.7
3.1
1.6
-0.4
2.2
-0.8
1.1
0.9
-3.5
-0.2
3.9
4.3
7.3
4.4
10.0
1.8
1.0
3.2
1.0
4.8
3.3
-1.5
5.0
-5.6
-88.4
21.6
-5.1
8.2
-3.9
-4.9
-352.9
132.7
94.7
32.5
59.4
56.4
140.0
36.4
29.2
-2162.8
59.6
-376.6
52.2
20.1
36.1
99.6
35.8
42.6
23.9
40.3
55.8
na
-5.4
3.6
3.5
0.2
1.8
4.4
27.8
1.2
3.8
1.1
1.6
0.9
-25.0
3.2
1.5
1025.1
-2.8
5.7
37.9
0.1
0.2
4.7
2.0
0.2
1.0
-1.9
0.3
2.0
220.3
89.3
77.4
41.8
41.0
98.8
344.1
12.0
56.4
41.4
50.4
23.8
863.8
54.0
38.7
6486.1
211.4
1973.2
540.8
75.2
50.1
69.5
42.9
29.1
64.8
46.8
90.1
72.2
-4.5
-6.2
-4.8
0.3
-3.4
-2.2
-3.2
-3.7p
-3.4
-3.1
-5.1
-3.3
-6.3
-5.6
-6.1
-5.4
-6.3
-9.2
-1.4
-3.5
-2.7
-3.7
-1.9
-5.5
-5.9
-2.6
-1.5
-1.1
0.6
-0.4
-2.4
-1.3
-0.8
5.4
-3.1
-3.5
0.4
-1.3
-3.0
1.0
1.0
0.2
1.4
1.7
-3.2
0.1
1.4
1.6
-3.3
0.1
0.6
0.0
2.5
1.9
6.0
4.3
-6.4
7.5
-2.8
-11.5
-5.7
18.2
-1.1
-20.0
-4.4
-8.4
-17.4
-14.0
-8.7
14.1
28.5
11.4
-16.9
7.0
-4.5
-12.1
7.4
-0.3
22.5
-12.1
3.3
-26.0
-10.8
-5.6
0.4
4.2
-0.9
2.4
0.3
-0.8
-4.3
-0.8p
-2.0
-0.4
1.3
-0.6
-0.2
1.0
-5.6
2.8
-0.3
1.0
-1.7
-1.9
-0.1
3.7
4.2
-2.3
-4.6
-2.7
0.0
4.5
-2.9
5.8
-3.6
-2.2
-2.1
-1.0
-0.8
-2.3p
0.5
-1.9
-0.7
-3.1
-1.7
-2.7
6.1
1.5
0.4
-2.6
-1.7
-3.2
2.3
3.2
15.9
-0.7
2.9
-2.7
-4.6
-3.0
0.5
1.3p
-0.8
1.0
-0.1
0.7
-0.9
-0.6p
0.9
0.3
2.0d
0.1
0.0
0.3
2.1
1.8
1.0
0.8
1.0
-0.3
1.5
1.8
4.4
0.0
2.3
0.0
0.3
0.9
21.2
78.8p
16.7
21.9
9.9
72.1
5.6
15.9p
16.1
19.8
17.4d
22.2
20.8
90.5
38.5
36.7
30.8
29.4
15.7
20.0
16.8
6.1
79.3
27.3
21.1
28.5
22.4
28.1
4.7
52.0
0.6
4.2
-8.9
39.5
-2.7
-1.1
0.2
2.6
1.9
6.3
4.5
57.8
12.8
16.2
10.7
12.1
0.9
3.6
0.2
-9.1
52.6
8.9
4.5
9.3
4.1
8.9
7.6
-9.3p
-1.4
-0.6
10.4
28.8
-27.3p
-25.5e
-28.5
3.2
-5.3
-7.7p
-8.5p
21.5
7.7
13.4
-9.4
1.2
-14.0
19.9
-7.6
-13.3
-17.0
-9.4
-3.3
6.9
9.4
1.5
5.7
1.7
3.2
3.7
5.8
3.4
2.0
2.2p
4.1
6.1
na
4.8
4.1
2.2
2.2
3.6
1.8
2.6
3.0
4.3
3.0
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.7
6.0
3.5
3.2
206.0
142.5
84.3
227.3
110.4
127.1
290.7
129.2p
197.1
174.5
143.1
124.6
341.5
110.2
62.2
375.2
111.2
214.6
235.4
146.7
78.7
220.9
67.7
118.4
79.9
177.1
232.5
176.4
192.2
450.2
532.0
190.0
422.9
299.8
99.1
849.4
601.3
372.0
486.8
941.2
90.9
609.8
578.1
56.9
124.7
38.3
127.2
204.9
273.5
364.3
432.0
594.0
745.5e
364.5
207.0
781.8
Flags:e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) House price index e = source NCB for EL. 2) Nominal unit labour cost for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept. 3) Private sector debt: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in
levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
30
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0032.png
Table 2.4 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2013
Year
2013
Activity rate - %
of total
Employment rate
population aged
(1 year % change)
15-64
(%)
Long-term
unemployment
rate - % of active
population aged
15-74
(%)
Young people neither in
Youth
employment nor in education
unemployment
and training - % of total
rate - % of active
population aged 15-24
population aged
15-24
3 year change
(%)
%
in pp
23.7
28.4
18.9
13.0
7.8
18.7
26.8
58.3
55.5
24.9
49.9
40.0
38.9
23.2
21.9
16.9
26.6
13.0
13.2
9.7
27.3
38.1
23.7
21.6
33.7
19.9
23.6
20.7
12.7
21.6
9.1b
6.0
6.3
11.3
16.1
20.4
18.6
11.2b
19.6
22.2
18.7
13.0
11.1
5.0
15.5
9.9
5.6b
7.3
12.2b
14.1
17.0
9.2
13.7
9.3
7.5
13.2
1.8
0.6
0.3b
0.0
-2.0
-2.7
-3.1
5.6
0.8
-1.5b
3.9
3.2
7.0
-4.8
-2.1
-0.1
2.9
0.4
1.3b
-0.1
1.4b
2.7
0.4
2.1
-0.4
0.3
-0.2
-0.4
People at risk of poverty or
social exclusion -
% of total population
People living in households
People at risk of poverty after Severely materially deprived
with very low work intensity -
social transfers -
people -
% of total population aged 0-
% of total population
% of total population
59
3 year change
in pp
0.5
0.3
-0.4
-1.4
0.5
2.8
0.5
3.0
-0.3
0.4
-1.1
0.6
-0.3
-1.5
0.1
1.4
2.7
0.2
0.1
-0.3
-0.3
0.8
1.4
1.8
0.8
-1.3
1.9
-1.2
3 year change
in pp
5.1
43.0
6.6
3.6
5.4
7.6
9.9
20.3
6.2
4.9
14.7
12.3
16.1
24.0
16.0
1.8
27.8
9.5
2.5
4.2
11.9
10.9
29.8
6.7
10.2
2.5
1.4
8.3
-0.8
-2.7
0.4
0.9
0.9
-1.4
4.2
8.7
1.3
-0.9
0.4
4.9
4.9
-3.6
-3.9
1.3
6.2
3.0
0.3
-0.1
-2.3
1.9
-0.7
0.8
-1.2
-0.3
0.1
3.5
3 year change
in pp
1.3
5.0
0.5
1.3
-1.3
-0.6
1.0
10.6
4.9
-1.8
0.9
0.7
3.0
-2.6
1.5
1.1
1.7
-0.2
0.9
0.0
-0.1
3.6
-0.1
1.0
-0.3
-0.3
1.1
0.0
%
20.8
48.0
14.6
18.3
20.3
23.5
29.9
35.7
27.3
18.1
29.9
28.5
27.8
35.1
30.8
19.0
34.8
24.0
15.9
18.8
25.8
27.5
41.9
20.4
19.8
16.0
16.4
24.8
3 year change
in pp
0.0
-1.2
0.2
0.0
0.6
1.8
2.6
8.0
1.2
-1.1
-1.2
3.5
3.2
-3.1
-3.2
1.9
4.9
2.8
0.8
-0.1
-2.0
2.2
0.4
2.1
-0.8
-0.9
1.4
1.6
%
15.1
21.0
8.6
11.9
16.1
18.6
15.7
23.1
20.4
13.7
19.5
19.3
15.3
19.4
20.6
15.9
15.0
15.7
10.4
14.4
17.3
18.7
23.0
14.5
12.8
11.8
14.8
15.9
%
%
14.0
13.0
6.9
11.9
9.9
8.4
23.9
18.2
15.7
8.1
14.8
11.3
7.9
10.0
11.0
6.6
13.6
9.0
9.3
7.8
7.2
12.2
7.6
8.0
7.6
9.0
7.1
13.2
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
-0.3
-0.4p
0.3
0.0
0.6
1.2
2.5
-2.6p
-2.6
0.2
-2.6d
-1.8
-5.9
2.3
1.3
1.8
1.1
3.7
-1.2
0.3
-0.1
-2.9
-0.9
-1.1
-0.8
-0.7
1.0
1.2
67.5
68.4
72.9
78.1
77.6
75.1
69.8
67.5
74.3
70.7
63.7
63.4
73.6
74.0
72.4
69.9
64.7
65.0
79.4
75.5
67.0
73.0
64.9
70.5
69.9
75.2
81.1
76.4
3.9
7.4
3.0
1.8
2.3
3.8
7.8
18.5
13.0
4.4e
11.0
6.9
6.1
5.7
5.1
1.8
4.9
2.9
2.5
1.3
4.4
9.3
3.2
5.2
10.0
1.7
1.4
2.7
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) Employment rate for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
31
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0033.png
Table 2.5: Auxiliary indicators, 2012
Net trade balance of energy
products
(% of GDP)
Unit labour cost
performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
Foreign direct investment
in the reporting economy -
flows
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment
in the reporting economy -
stocks
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic
expenditure on R&D
(% of
GDP)
Financial sector leverage,
non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
Nominal unit labour cost
index (2010=100)
(10 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Real effective exchange
rate - Euro Area trading
partners
(3 year % change)
Export market share in
volume
(1 year % change)
Current plus capital
account (Net lending-
borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Gross fixed capital
formation
(% of GDP)
House price index
(2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Export performance
against advanced
economies
(5 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Private sector debt,
non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Year
2012
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
0.2
0.0
-0.8
0.2
0.5
4.3
0.0
-7.3p
-2.9
0.2
-2.2
-2.8
-3.1
4.0
3.8
-0.4
-1.6
2.6
-1.1
0.7
1.6
-4.0
0.6
-2.7
1.7
-1.4
-0.3
1.5
22.6
21.3
25.9
18.8
20.1
28.6
19.7
12.6p
19.8
22.5
19.6
18.4
15.1
25.4
17.4
20.2
19.3
18.2
18.9
22.6
19.8
15.8
27.3
19.2
21.2
22.3
22.6
15.6
2.3
0.6
1.8
3.0
2.9
2.1
1.6e
0.7
1.3
2.2
0.8
1.3
0.4
0.7
0.9
1.3b
1.3
0.8
1.9b
2.9e
0.9
1.4
0.5
2.6
0.8
3.4
3.3e
1.6e
0.5
0.4
-0.3
6.3
7.0
1.4
-2.6
-2.6
0.3
-1.2
-0.1
-0.1
-5.8
-0.6
1.5
4.7
4.3
3.2
9.0
1.3
-1.5
0.3
-3.4
2.3
2.9
-1.8
5.4
-4.3
-102.7
25.4
-1.1
10.9
3.0
-1.1
-348.8
123.6
95.7
33.8
59.9
52.3
137.2
39.5
34.0
-2329.9
69.0
-479.5
52.3
25.8
34.3
101.8
38.4
45.9
22.3
39.7
58.9
na
1.3
3.3
4.5
-4.9
1.8
7.8
24.9
0.7
1.8
1.2
2.6
0.0
30.5
3.8
1.4
981.1
8.1
36.1
29.8
1.3
1.5
10.1
1.8
0.1
1.9
1.9
0.8
1.8
236.2
90.1
74.7
43.6
39.8
94.2
337.3
11.5
53.3
40.6
51.7
23.2
866.4
49.7
38.2
6000.7
227.1
2052.3
509.3
74.7
47.7
66.7
43.2
29.8
64.7
52.0
90.9
74.2
-5.0
-6.9
-4.7
0.8
-3.6
-1.3
-3.0
-4.0p
-3.8
-3.3
-5.6
-3.8
-7.5
-6.1
-7.5
-6.3
-6.3
-12.2
-2.6
-3.9
-3.4
-4.7
-3.0
-6.7
-5.9
-2.6
-1.7
-1.2
1.9
1.8
5.5
0.7
-1.3
5.2
-5.1
2.0
0.8
-0.5
-2.5
1.4
2.0
-0.7
1.7
2.8
4.4
1.1
-0.4
1.3
7.1
0.9
3.2
0.3
1.9
1.6
19.1
14.4
-5.4
10.9
7.0
-7.9
-6.6
19.6
-6.2
-16.3
-8.4
-8.9
-15.0
-16.7
-12.8e
20.8
48.2
0.6
-11.9
25.6
-2.4
-12.3
13.6
-6.7
25.8
-11.5
0.5
-23.1
-9.9
-11.8
-2.5
5.9
-3.3
3.1
-2.5
-1.4
-3.2
-3.5p
-5.4
-2.2
2.6
-4.2
-0.8
-1.3
-1.9
4.2
-2.2
0.2
-2.3
-3.2
-2.6
-0.5
6.6
-4.3
-5.7
-5.2
-0.7
-0.6
-2.5
-0.8
1.5
-1.6
0.0
2.0
-1.2
-1.6p
-1.7
-0.3
-2.9
-0.5
-5.5
7.0
9.6
0.0
-4.6
4.5
1.0
-1.4
1.8
0.6
-1.8
-2.2
6.5
-1.6
-1.8
-2.6
-0.2
2.6p
-1.2
1.0
-0.7
2.6
0.6
-1.1p
1.1
-0.1
1.4d
-2.5
0.1
2.5
2.0
-2.7
-1.8
0.1
-0.9
-0.4
1.5
0.1
5.7b
-1.8
1.6
-2.3
-1.0
0.4
20.1
69.7p
19.7
23.9
9.0
74.6
9.9
28.3p
20.2
20.9
25.9d
26.5
39.2
88.5
35.3
38.2
39.5
32.0
17.1
18.7
13.0
8.0
117.6b
32.4
25.2
27.1
21.2
28.8
2.5
41.5
2.7
5.2
-11.1
40.7
-1.8
7.9
2.7
2.4
7.9
10.1
17.0
55.9
9.4
17.1
17.4
13.1
1.6
2.0
-3.6
-8.7
82.4
12.4
7.2
7.2
2.3
8.7
9.7
-16.7p
-3.1
-1.7
8.2
23.0
-37.9p
-20.4e
-22.7
10.3
-7.6
-2.8e
-10.1p
1.2
-1.5
13.9
-9.2
2.7
-10.1
21.1e
-7.0e
-11.0
-23.0
-4.2
-8.0
12.3
12.0
4.6
5.9
1.7
3.7
4.1
5.8
2.9
1.8
3.1p
4.9
6.2
na
5.0
4.9
2.2
1.9
3.2
2.0
3.0
3.5
4.3
3.2
2.9
3.1
2.5
2.3
6.3
3.4
3.1
205.4
134.8
77.0
233.8
109.5
129.2
306.9
131.5p
206.6
175.9
142.9
127.3
330.4
119.4
65.4
371.0
118.7
221.7
240.5
143.7
76.6
231.4
72.7
124.3
74.9
172.6
228.8
184.0
199.4
438.4
540.6
208.5
522.1
369.5
121.0
1007.2
781.3
405.6
455.1
1237.7
102.7
684.2
617.8
60.8
120.5
39.0
138.5
220.4
307.1
388.1
433.2
740.1
841.5e
518.9
238.3
951.6
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) House price index e = NSI estimates for PL; e = source NCB for EL, IT and AT. 2) Nominal unit labour cost and labour productivity for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept. 3) Private sector debt: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the time
series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
32
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0034.png
Table 2.5 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2012
Year
2012
Activity rate - %
of total
Employment rate
population aged
(1 year % change)
15-64
(%)
Long-term
unemployment
rate - % of active
population aged
15-74
(%)
Young people neither in
Youth
employment nor in education
unemployment
and training - % of total
rate - % of active
population aged 15-24
population aged
15-24
3 year change
(%)
%
in pp
19.8
28.1
19.5
14.1
8.0
20.9
30.4
55.3
52.9
24.4
42.2
35.3
27.7
28.5
26.7
18.0
28.2
14.1
11.7
9.4
26.5
38.0
22.6
20.6
34.0
19.0
23.7
21.2
12.3
21.5
8.9
6.6
7.1
12.2
18.7
20.2
18.6
12.5
16.6
21.0
16.0
14.9
11.2
5.9
14.8
10.6
4.9
6.8
11.8
13.9
16.8
9.3
13.8
8.6
7.8
13.9
1.2
2.0
0.4
1.2
-1.7
-2.3
0.1
7.8
0.5
-0.2
3.2
3.4
6.1
-2.6
-0.9
0.1
1.2
0.7
0.8
-1.4
1.7
2.7
2.9
1.8
1.3
-1.3
-1.8
0.7
People at risk of poverty or
social exclusion -
% of total population
People living in households
People at risk of poverty after Severely materially deprived
with very low work intensity -
social transfers -
people -
% of total population aged 0-
% of total population
% of total population
59
3 year change
in pp
0.7
-0.6
1.0
-1.1
0.6
-2.2
1.6
3.4
0.4
1.2
na
1.1
-1.1
-7.2
-1.7
0.2
1.9
0.2
-1.0
-0.1
0.0
0.0
0.8
2.2
2.2
-0.6
0.8
-1.3
3 year change
in pp
6.3
44.1
6.6
2.7
4.9
9.4
9.8
19.5
5.8
5.3
15.9
14.5
15.0
25.6
19.8
1.3
26.3
9.2
2.3
4.0
13.5
8.6
31.1
6.6
10.5
2.9
1.3
7.8
1.1
2.2
0.5
0.4
-0.5
3.2
3.7
8.5
1.3
-0.3
na
7.2
5.5
3.5
4.2
0.2
6.0
4.2
0.9
-0.6
-1.5
-0.5
-1.0
0.5
-0.6
0.1
-0.3
4.5u
3 year change
in pp
1.6
5.6
0.8
1.4
-1.0
3.5
3.4
7.6
6.7
0.0
na
1.4
2.5
4.3
4.2
-0.2
2.2
-0.2
0.4
0.6
0.0
3.1
-0.2
1.9
1.6
0.9
-0.7
0.3b
%
21.6
49.3
15.4
17.5
19.6
23.4
30.3
34.6
27.2
19.1
32.6
29.9
27.1
36.2
32.5
18.4
33.5
23.1
15.0
18.5
26.7
25.3
43.2
19.6
20.5
17.2
15.6
24.1b
3 year change
in pp
1.4
3.1
1.4
-0.1
-0.4
0.0
4.6
7.0
2.5
0.6
na
5.0
3.6
-1.7
2.9
0.6
3.9
2.8
-0.1
-0.6
-1.1
0.4
0.2
2.5
0.9
0.3
-0.3
2.1b
%
15.3
21.2
9.6
12.0
16.1
17.5
16.6
23.1
20.8
14.1
20.4
19.5
14.7
19.2
18.6
15.1
14.3
15.1
10.1
14.4
17.1
17.9
22.9
13.5
13.2
13.2
14.1
16.0
%
%
13.9
12.5
6.8
10.2
9.9
9.1
23.4
14.2
14.3
8.4
16.8
10.6
6.5
11.7
11.4
6.1
13.5
9.0
8.9
7.7
6.9
10.1
7.9
7.5
7.2
9.3
5.7
13.0b
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
0.4
-2.5p
0.4
-0.7
1.2
1.6
-0.6
-6.3p
-4.0
0.3
-3.6d
-0.3
-3.2
1.4
1.8
2.4
0.2
2.5
-0.2
1.0
0.1
-4.1
-4.8b
-0.9
0.1
0.9
0.7
1.1
66.9
67.1
71.6
78.6
77.2
74.8
69.2
67.5
74.3
70.3
63.9
63.5
73.5
74.4
71.8
69.4
63.7
63.1
79.0
75.1
66.5
73.4
64.8
70.4
69.4
75.2
80.3
76.1
3.4
6.8
3.0
2.1
2.4
5.5
9.0
14.5
11.0
4.1e
10.2
5.6
3.6
7.8
6.6
1.6
5.0
3.1
1.9
1.2
4.1
7.7
3.0
4.3
9.4
1.6
1.5
2.7
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional. u:Low reliability.
1) Employment rate for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
33
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0035.png
Table 2.6: Auxiliary indicators, 2011
Net trade balance of energy
products
(% of GDP)
Unit labour cost
performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
Foreign direct investment
in the reporting economy -
flows
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment
in the reporting economy -
stocks
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic
expenditure on R&D
(% of
GDP)
Financial sector leverage,
non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
Nominal unit labour cost
index (2010=100)
(10 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Real effective exchange
rate - Euro Area trading
partners
(3 year % change)
Export market share in
volume
(1 year % change)
Current plus capital
account (Net lending-
borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Gross fixed capital
formation
(% of GDP)
House price index
(2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Export performance
against advanced
economies
(5 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Private sector debt,
non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Year
2011
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
1.8
1.9
1.8
1.3
3.7
7.6
3.0
-9.1p
-1.0
2.1
-0.3
0.6
0.3
6.4
6.0
2.5
1.7
1.4
1.7
2.9
5.0
-1.8
1.1
0.6
2.8
2.6
2.7
1.5
22.6
20.9
26.5
18.2
20.3
26.2
16.8
15.3p
21.5
22.4
20.2
19.7
18.9
22.2
18.5
19.2
19.7
18.0
20.3
22.5
20.7
18.4
27.1
20.2
24.0
22.2
22.7
15.4
2.2
0.5
1.6
2.9
2.8
2.3
1.6e
0.7
1.3
2.2
0.8
1.2
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.5
1.2
0.7
1.9b
2.7
0.8
1.5
0.5b
2.4b
0.7
3.6
3.3
1.7b
-1.2
1.5
-1.8
6.9
6.1
5.4
-2.2
-8.7
-2.8
-0.9
-0.7
-2.9
-3.7
-1.1
-1.3
5.6
3.1
1.2
8.8
1.5
-3.2
-4.5
-4.4
0.0
-3.7
-1.7
5.3
-2.4
-118.8
29.6
-0.2
14.3
6.7
6.0
-311.3
98.8
97.0
28.3
61.7
45.8
127.1
47.2
32.1
-2345.3
68.3
-495.8
67.7
24.0
33.6
84.5
37.5
41.0
21.4
29.1
62.0
na
30.3
3.7
1.9
3.8
2.6
4.9
15.2
0.4
2.2
1.5
2.3
1.5
-43.5
5.3
3.5
679.9
9.9
82.0
37.5
5.4
3.4
4.0
1.3
1.7
5.6
-2.2
1.1
1.0
236.2
87.8
69.6
43.9
35.8
89.9
304.3
12.2
51.6
40.2
49.8
21.5
700.1
50.1
37.9
4666.0
236.3
2024.4
478.0
72.8
47.3
54.7
41.4
28.7
65.8
50.6
91.3
60.8
-4.6
-6.3
-4.4
0.7
-3.5
-0.4
-3.3
-3.6p
-3.7
-3.0
-5.4
-3.7
-6.8
-5.5
-7.6
-5.9
-6.0
-2.8
-1.9
-3.7
-3.3
-4.2
-2.7
-6.2
-6.4
-3.7
-1.8
-1.0
1.3
3.8
0.8
1.5
-1.0
2.8
-6.6
4.5
0.4
-0.4
-2.0
0.9
0.7
0.3
4.7
2.0
-2.5
1.8
-0.1
1.2
-9.6
-0.5
-1.7
0.4
4.9
2.1
7.1
-3.0
0.8
21.3
17.3
-5.9
-0.8
35.7
-2.0
-8.1
-0.2
-7.7
-8.5
-11.9
-3.5e
38.2
41.4
5.0
6.6
28.4
0.1
-4.5
25.7
-0.2
63.7
2.8
6.2
-16.7
-4.1
-19.0
-2.2
11.5
-1.7
2.0
-2.1
1.0
-1.2
-1.5p
-2.9
-0.7
4.4
-1.7
-0.1
6.3
-0.2
3.0
-0.9
1.1
-2.1
-3.1
0.3
-0.5
18.6
-2.4
-5.6
-4.3
0.6
-2.2
-0.2
5.7
2.3
0.3
1.4
17.3
-3.7
-6.9p
0.5
0.0
-4.7
-1.7
-1.3
5.1
8.5
-2.9
-0.4
-5.2
-2.5
-1.0
1.0
0.1
5.0
0.0
5.1
-4.9
-0.8
-0.7
0.4
4.2
2.1
1.4
2.3
1.0
3.6b
-2.4p
1.7
1.3
3.7d
0.3
0.3
4.8
5.5
-0.4
1.7
-1.5
0.8
1.3
4.4
0.1
1.9
2.4
1.0
1.3
0.5
0.9
18.4
62.0
24.0
26.9
6.5
73.2
10.8b
42.9p
27.4
21.5
34.9d
29.6
41.8
77.5
34.9
36.0
43.2
28.7
19.0
15.6
7.9
15.1
109.7
39.2
29.3
22.2
17.8
28.2
0.8
33.7
6.9
8.1
-14.0
42.7
-2.0
20.0
8.3
2.7
14.6
12.5
17.2
47.3
10.0
16.2
20.7
9.5
3.7
-0.4
-7.6
-3.8
74.8
18.6
11.2
3.2
-0.3
8.0
6.8
-32.4p
-5.5
-11.0
5.5
-28.0
-42.0p
-13.2e
-15.3
4.0
-10.9
-0.6e
-13.3p
-38.4
-30.8
8.0
-10.7
-4.6
-8.0
17.3e
-6.4e
-5.1
-38.2e
-6.9
-17.5
11.3p
14.0
-5.1
5.8
2.2
3.7
4.3
5.6
2.7
2.3
4.6p
5.7
6.4
na
5.3
6.2
1.9
2.0
3.0
2.2
3.4
4.2
4.4
3.0
3.3
2.7
2.8
2.4
6.3
3.9
3.2
199.6
133.5
74.3
232.6
109.5
132.6
297.1
130.2p
214.0
171.6
142.4
125.3
327.3
131.4
68.5
348.7
130.1
227.3
242.2
145.5
76.6
220.0
73.9
125.3
73.2
169.2
226.4
183.6
192.1
413.0
624.5
209.5
601.7
398.6
150.1
3047.9
707.2
454.9
491.0
1221.0
138.0
690.8
616.2
58.1
130.3
40.9
152.8
245.6
363.9
408.7
526.1
737.8
970.3e
619.8
267.7
1144.3
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) House price index e = NSI estimates for PL and RO; e = source NCB for EL, IT, and AT. 2) Nominal unit labour cost and labour productivity for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept. 3) Private sector debt: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in
the time series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
34
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0036.png
Table 2.6 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2011
Year
2011
Activity rate - %
of total
Employment rate
population aged
(1 year % change)
15-64
(%)
Long-term
unemployment
rate - % of active
population aged
15-74
(%)
Young people neither in
Youth
employment nor in education
unemployment
and training - % of total
rate - % of active
population aged 15-24
population aged
15-24
3 year change
(%)
%
in pp
18.7
25.0
18.1
14.2
8.5
22.4
29.1
44.7
46.2
22.7
36.6
29.2
22.4
31.0
32.6
16.4
26.0
13.3
10.0
8.9
25.8
30.2
23.9
15.7
33.7i
20.1
22.8
21.3
11.8b
21.8
8.3b
6.3
7.5b
11.6
18.8
17.4
18.2
12.3
16.2
19.7
14.6
16.0
11.8
4.7
13.2
10.2
4.3
7.3
11.5
12.6b
17.5
7.1
13.8b
8.4
7.5
14.2
1.7b
4.4
1.6b
2.0
-0.9b
2.9
3.8
6.0
3.9
1.8
4.6
3.1
4.9
4.2
3.0
-1.5
1.7
1.9
0.9
-0.1
2.5
2.4b
5.9
0.6
2.7b
0.6
-0.3
2.1
People at risk of poverty or
social exclusion -
% of total population
People living in households
People at risk of poverty after Severely materially deprived
with very low work intensity -
social transfers -
people -
% of total population aged 0-
% of total population
% of total population
59
3 year change
in pp
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.3
0.6
-2.0
-0.3
1.3
0.8
1.5
na
0.9
-1.1
-6.9
-1.7
0.2
1.7
0.3
0.5
-0.7
0.8
-0.5
-1.3
1.3
2.1
0.1
1.8
-2.5
3 year change
in pp
5.7
43.6
6.1
2.3
5.3
8.7
7.8
15.2
4.5
5.2
15.2
11.1
11.7
31.0
19.0
1.2
23.4
6.6
2.5
4.0
13.0
8.3
29.5
6.1
10.6
3.2
1.2
5.1
0.1
2.4
-0.7
0.3
-0.2
3.8
2.3
4.0
0.9
-0.2
na
3.6
2.6
11.7
6.5
0.5
5.5
2.3
1.0
-1.9
-4.7
-1.4
-3.2
-0.6
-1.2
-0.3
-0.2
0.6
3 year change
in pp
2.1
2.9b
-0.6
2.0
-0.5
4.7
10.5
4.5
6.8
0.6
na
0.1
0.4b
7.2
6.6
1.1
0.8
0.3
0.7
1.2b
-1.1
2.0
-1.2
0.9
2.5
2.5
1.4
1.1
%
21.0
49.1
15.3
17.6b
19.9
23.1
29.4
31.0
26.7
19.3
32.6
28.1
24.6
40.1
33.1
16.8
31.5
22.1
15.7
19.2
27.2
24.4
40.9
19.3
20.6
17.9
16.1
22.7
3 year change
in pp
0.2
4.3b
0.0
1.3b
-0.2
1.3
5.7
2.9
2.9b
0.8b
na
2.6
1.3b
5.9b
4.8
1.3
3.3
2.0
0.8
-1.4b
-3.3b
-1.6
-3.3
0.8
0.0
0.5
1.2
-0.5
%
15.3
22.2
9.8
12.1
15.8
17.5
15.2
21.4
20.6
14.0
20.9
19.8
14.8
19.0
19.2
13.6
14.1
15.6
11.0
14.5
17.7
18.0
22.3
13.6
13.0
13.7
14.0
16.2
%
%
13.8
11.0
6.6
10.5
11.2
10.0
24.2
12.0
13.4
9.4
15.9
10.5
4.9
12.6
12.7
5.8
12.8
8.9
8.9
8.6
6.9
8.3
7.3
7.6
7.7
10.0
6.9
11.5
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
1.4
-2.2
-0.3
0.0
1.4
6.5
-0.5b
-6.9p
-2.7
0.8
-3.9d
0.3
0.0
1.5
0.5
3.0
0.0
2.9
0.9
1.6
0.6
-1.9
-0.8
-1.7
1.8
1.3
2.1
0.5
66.7
65.9b
70.5b
79.3
77.3b
74.7
69.2
67.3
73.9
69.7
64.1
62.1
73.5
72.8
71.4
67.9
62.4
61.8
78.1b
74.6
65.7
73.6b
64.1
70.3
68.7b
74.9
79.9
75.5
3.5
6.3b
2.7b
1.8
2.8b
7.1
8.6
8.8
8.9
4.0e
8.4
4.3
1.6
8.8
8.0
1.4
5.2
3.0
1.6b
1.2
3.6
6.2b
2.9
3.6
9.2b
1.7
1.5
2.7
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) Youth unemployment rate: for SK i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 2) Employment rate for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
35
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0037.png
Table 2.7: Auxiliary indicators, 2010
Net trade balance of energy
products
(% of GDP)
Unit labour cost
performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
Foreign direct investment
in the reporting economy -
flows
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment
in the reporting economy -
stocks
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic
expenditure on R&D
(% of
GDP)
Financial sector leverage,
non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
Nominal unit labour cost
index (2010=100)
(10 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Real effective exchange
rate - Euro Area trading
partners
(3 year % change)
Export market share in
volume
(1 year % change)
Current plus capital
account (Net lending-
borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Gross fixed capital
formation
(% of GDP)
House price index
(2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Export performance
against advanced
economies
(5 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Private sector debt,
non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Year
2010
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2.7
1.3
2.3
1.9
4.1
2.3
1.8
-5.5
0.0
2.0
-1.4
1.7
1.3
-3.9
1.6
4.9
0.7
3.5
1.4
1.8
3.6
1.9
-0.8
1.2
5.0
3.0
6.0
1.7
21.8
22.2
26.9
18.1
19.4
21.2
17.6
17.6
23.0
22.1
21.2
19.9
22.3
19.4
16.9
17.6
20.2
21.4
19.7
21.6
20.3
20.5
25.9
21.3
22.1
21.9
22.3
15.3
2.1
0.6
1.3
2.9
2.7
1.6
1.6e
0.6e
1.4
2.2b
0.7
1.2
0.5
0.6
0.8
1.5
1.1
0.6
1.7
2.7e
0.7
1.5
0.5
2.1
0.6
3.7
3.2e
1.7e
1.5
-0.9
-2.6
6.6
5.7
5.3
-1.9
-10.5
-3.5
-0.8
-1.1
-3.4
-11.0
4.0
2.5
6.2
2.1
-2.7
6.6
2.9
-3.6
-8.8
-4.9
0.0
-3.2
1.3
5.8
-3.8
-121.2
37.1
-1.3
21.9
3.4
35.8
-277.6
100.8
93.2
28.1
na
47.7
70.9
55.7
35.8
-2972.4
49.7
-490.7
71.9
28.0
31.1
81.2
35.7
43.9
20.6
24.8
61.8
na
22.9
3.6
4.9
-3.6
2.5
13.2
16.8
0.2
2.8
1.4
2.3
0.4
53.3
1.9
2.3
423.7
-16.0
106.3
14.6
-5.4
3.7
3.5
2.0
0.6
2.3
4.9
0.2
2.7
223.2
90.3
70.1
43.5
35.1
95.0
294.3
13.8
50.5
38.0
53.9
20.3
773.4
49.7
38.6
3640.8
214.3
1859.2
436.6
74.8
48.4
56.4
41.4
27.0
62.5
54.7
92.9
60.0
-3.7
-5.7
-3.5
0.9
-2.9
-1.5
-2.8
-3.0
-2.9
-2.4
-3.8
-3.2
-6.0
-4.9
-7.1
-4.8
-5.1
1.1
-1.5
-2.9
-2.6
-3.4
-2.2
-5.0
-5.7
-2.8
-1.6
-0.4
1.9
11.6
12.5
1.7
-1.5
6.4
-5.3
5.0
0.9
-0.2
4.3
0.7
0.4
8.3
9.9
1.7
0.0
3.5
-1.0
0.1
-0.2
-2.1
-9.2
3.2
12.7
1.9
-1.2
-16.9
-4.2
16.8
20.9
-3.3
-0.2
18.3
1.4
-7.2
-4.4
-10.7
-6.0
-12.4
-9.0e
31.6
28.7
11.7
11.8
49.1
-0.6
-5.5
34.9
0.7
65.9
6.4
12.4
-12.9
-5.6
-17.4
-1.7
14.0
-2.1
3.3
-1.0
3.0
-4.0
-1.0
1.0
0.2
5.6
-2.1
0.2
2.6
-2.2
4.6
-0.8
1.6
-0.4
-2.5
1.7
2.1
23.2
-1.6
-5.7
-5.8
1.2
-1.5
-2.3
-1.6
2.1
-9.7
1.9
11.4
-6.8
-7.7
-3.2
-3.6
-6.4
-0.8
-8.1
0.8
6.3
-2.2
-1.3
-5.7
-2.1
0.5
0.5
-3.1
2.6
-2.4
3.1
-6.4
-0.7
-6.7
2.1
5.4
3.3
4.3
3.8
7.6
6.1
-3.0
1.8
1.9
2.4d
2.3
0.8
2.9
7.3
3.0
1.8
1.8
2.1
1.1
6.4b
3.4
-0.5
3.4
6.7
3.7
5.0
1.4
20.2
71.5
29.4
32.2
5.7
80.6
19.7
47.5
32.7
23.0
31.9d
32.9
42.5
80.5
29.4
41.4
56.6
30.4
21.3
15.9
13.7b
22.0
223.4
53.0
31.7
22.4
20.3
33.3
1.3
39.6
10.9
11.6
-16.2
47.6
2.1
22.6
11.4
2.6
9.9
13.7
15.8
48.6
4.6
17.1
31.3
9.8
4.3
-1.2
-3.3
0.5
166.5
29.3
12.4
2.3
0.8
10.8
7.2
-10.6p
6.6e
-14.2
3.3
-40.0
-34.9p
-6.7e
-9.6
-0.9
-8.4e
1.3be
-6.9p
-43.6
-29.3
7.7
-5.3
7.4
-4.0
11.5be
na
3.6e
na
-3.0
-1.2
8.7p
12.4
-8.0
6.1
2.7
4.0
3.7
5.2
2.7
3.0
5.0
6.9
6.3
na
5.6
8.1
1.6
2.1
2.9
3.1
3.4
4.7
4.3
3.2
3.6
2.9
3.1
2.6
6.1
3.6
3.1
189.8
142.3
72.5
232.7
114.2
152.5
281.8
128.1
215.7
165.4
143.5
125.8
320.6
151.1
78.3
342.9
129.3
218.3
240.2
147.6
72.7
215.9
74.9
125.3
69.6
170.0
222.0
189.9
190.2
439.5
567.4
217.5
563.2
397.9
182.9
1683.0
647.4
348.8
459.0
905.2
121.3
795.3
605.9
48.3
121.1
45.9
161.9
229.2
298.8
296.8
530.6
654.6
986.2e
408.4
237.1
963.9
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) House price index e = NSI estimates for CZ; e = source NCB for EL, HR, IT, PT, and AT. 2) Nominal unit labour cost and labour productivity for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept. 3) Private sector debt: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in
the time series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
36
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0038.png
Table 2.7 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2010
Year
2010
Activity rate - %
of total
Employment rate
population aged
(1 year % change)
15-64
(%)
Long-term
unemployment
rate - % of active
population aged
15-74
(%)
Young people neither in
Youth
employment nor in education
unemployment
and training - % of total
rate - % of active
population aged 15-24
population aged
15-24
3 year change
(%)
%
in pp
22.4
21.9i
18.3
13.9
9.8
32.9
27.6
33.0
41.5
23.3
32.3
27.9
16.6
36.2
35.7
15.8
26.4
13.2
11.1
9.5
23.7
28.2
22.1
14.7
33.9
21.4
24.8
19.9
10.9
21.0b
8.8
6.0
8.3b
14.0
19.2
14.8
17.8
12.7
15.7
19.0
11.7
17.8
13.2
5.1
12.6
9.5
4.3b
7.4
10.8b
11.4
16.6b
7.1
14.1
9.0
7.7
13.6
-0.3
1.9b
1.9
1.7
-0.6b
5.1
8.4
3.5
5.8
2.0
2.8
2.9
2.7
5.9
6.1
-0.6
1.1
-2.0
0.8b
0.0
0.2b
0.2
3.3b
0.4
1.6
2.0
0.2
1.7
People at risk of poverty or
social exclusion -
% of total population
People living in households
People at risk of poverty after Severely materially deprived
with very low work intensity -
social transfers -
people -
% of total population aged 0-
% of total population
% of total population
59
3 year change
in pp
-0.6
-1.3
-0.6
1.6
0.4
-3.6
-2.0
-0.2
1.0
0.2
na
-0.8
0.1
-0.3
1.4
1.0
0.0
0.4
0.1
2.7
0.3
-0.2
-3.0
1.2
1.4
0.1
2.4
-1.5
3 year change
in pp
5.9
45.7
6.2
2.7
4.5
9.0
5.7
11.6
4.9
5.8
14.3
7.4
11.2
27.6
19.9
0.5
21.6
6.5
2.2
4.3
14.2
9.0
30.5
5.9
11.4
2.8
1.3
4.8
0.2
-11.9
-1.2
-0.6
-0.3
3.4
1.2
0.1
1.4
1.1
na
0.4
-2.1
3.6
3.3
-0.3
1.7
2.1
0.5
1.0
-8.1
-0.6
-7.5
0.8
-2.3
-0.8
-0.9
0.6
3 year change
in pp
-1.1
-8.0
-2.2
0.5
-0.3
2.8
8.6
-0.5
4.0
0.3
na
0.4
1.2
6.4
3.1
0.5
0.6
-0.4
-1.3
-0.4
-2.8
1.4
-2.2
-0.3
1.5
0.5
0.0
2.8
%
20.8
49.2
14.4
18.3
19.7
21.7
27.3
27.7
26.1
19.2
31.1
25.0
24.6
38.2
34.0
17.1
29.9
21.2
15.1
18.9
27.8
25.3
41.5
18.3
20.6
16.9
15.0
23.2
3 year change
in pp
-0.8
-11.5
-1.4
1.5
-0.9
-0.3
4.2
-0.6
2.8
0.2
na
-1.0
-0.6
3.1
5.3
1.2
0.5
1.5
-0.6
2.2
-6.6
0.3
-5.5
1.2
-0.8
-0.5
1.1
0.6
%
14.6
20.7
9.0
13.3
15.6
15.8
15.2
20.1
20.7
13.3
20.6
18.7
15.6
20.9
20.5
14.5
12.3
15.5
10.3
14.7
17.6
17.9
21.6
12.7
12.0
13.1
12.9
17.1
%
%
12.7
8.0
6.4
10.6
11.2
9.0
22.9
7.6
10.8
9.9
13.9
10.6
4.9
12.6
9.5
5.5
11.9
9.2
8.4
7.8
7.3
8.6
7.7
7.0
7.9
9.3
6.0
13.2
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
0.6
-3.9
-1.0
-2.3
0.3
-4.9
-4.1
-2.6
-1.7
0.1
-3.8d
-0.6
0.5
-6.7
-5.3
1.8
-1.1
1.7
-0.7
0.8
-2.7b
-1.4
-0.3
-2.1
-1.5
-0.7
1.0
0.2
67.7
66.7b
70.2
79.4
76.7b
73.9
69.4
67.8
73.5
69.8
65.1
62.0
73.6
73.0
70.2
68.2
61.9
60.4
78.2b
74.4
65.3b
73.7
64.9b
71.5
68.7
74.5
79.1
75.4
4.0
4.7b
3.0
1.5
3.3b
7.6
6.8
5.7
7.3
3.9e
6.6
4.0
1.3
8.8
7.4
1.3
5.5
3.1
1.2b
1.2
3.0b
5.7
2.4b
3.2
9.2
2.0
1.6
2.5
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated.
1) Youth unemployment rate: for BG i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 2) Employment rate for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
37
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0039.png
Table 2.8: Auxiliary indicators, 2009
Net trade balance of energy
products
(% of GDP)
Unit labour cost
performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
Foreign direct investment
in the reporting economy -
flows
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment
in the reporting economy -
stocks
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic
expenditure on R&D
(% of
GDP)
Financial sector leverage,
non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
Nominal unit labour cost
index (2010=100)
(10 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Real effective exchange
rate - Euro Area trading
partners
(3 year % change)
Export market share in
volume
(1 year % change)
Current plus capital
account (Net lending-
borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Gross fixed capital
formation
(% of GDP)
House price index
(2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Export performance
against advanced
economies
(5 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Private sector debt,
non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Year
2009
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
-2.3
-3.6
-4.8
-4.9
-5.6
-14.7
-4.6
-4.3
-3.6
-2.9
-7.4
-5.5
-1.8
-14.4
-14.8
-4.4
-6.6
-2.5
-3.8
-3.8
2.8
-3.0
-7.1
-7.8
-5.4
-8.3
-5.2
-4.2
22.6
27.9
27.1
20.2
19.2
22.7
21.1
20.8
24.3
22.0
25.2
20.0
23.4
22.5
17.9
18.4
22.7
18.2
21.3
22.4
21.4
21.1
26.0
24.3
21.7
22.8
22.3
15.3
2.0
0.5
1.3
3.1
2.7
1.4
1.6e
0.6e
1.4
2.2
0.8
1.2
0.4
0.5
0.8
1.7
1.1
0.5
1.7
2.6
0.7
1.6
0.5
1.8
0.5
3.8
3.5
1.7e
-1.3
-7.0
-1.0
3.4
5.7
6.0
-5.6
-11.5
-4.0
-0.7
-5.1
-1.9
-7.3
10.2
5.7
6.1
0.9
-5.4
5.6
2.6
-2.3
-9.3
-4.3
-0.5
-2.7
2.0
5.9
-3.9
-105.2
na
-2.4
28.6
1.0
53.4
-202.4
84.2
89.2
25.3
na
41.2
70.0
58.6
37.8
-2686.1
78.4
-334.8
63.7
20.6
30.1
82.9
33.0
40.7
22.4
20.9
72.0
na
17.0
7.5
2.5
1.2
1.6
9.1
22.8
0.8
0.9
0.7
5.0
0.9
10.8
-0.2
0.1
410.6
-2.6
16.8
11.1
3.4
3.2
2.3
2.8
-0.7
1.9
-3.3
2.1
0.4
208.2
na
66.2
46.8
34.2
89.1
267.4
13.8
49.0
37.0
50.9
22.1
711.8
46.3
37.0
3505.4
226.9
1698.3
422.0
81.1
40.4
53.6
40.7
26.1
64.3
50.7
100.9
57.6
-3.2
-5.0
-2.7
1.0
-2.5
-2.3
-2.3
-2.2
-2.3
-2.0
-3.5
-2.6
-4.6
-4.4
-4.1
-4.1
-4.9
-0.1
-0.7
-2.4
-2.2
-2.8
-1.6
-3.9
-4.4
-2.4
-1.2
-0.4
0.6
15.9
10.5
0.4
-1.1
8.9
-1.6
2.5
1.1
-1.2
3.9
0.4
-1.3
18.9
12.9
0.9
5.3
1.5
-1.1
-0.3
-6.2
-1.7
-6.5
3.9
24.7
0.8
-12.1
-21.6
-1.3
29.2
37.9
7.2
1.2
26.1
10.5
-2.8
-1.3
-7.2
2.8
-10.9
-1.5e
65.5
41.9
21.3
22.4
58.1
2.6
1.9
45.8
-0.3
83.7
18.8
18.8
-5.6
-8.8
-13.2
-0.8
12.0
-2.4
2.7
-0.4
7.0
0.8
-2.3
4.3
0.2
5.2
-1.3
-1.2
1.5
-1.3
3.6
-2.6
1.0
1.0
-1.7
4.5
2.3
25.5
0.4
-5.3
-7.1
-0.2
-4.0
0.6
-1.7
0.2
0.8
-4.3
-10.3
14.6
-8.5
-1.0
-1.3
-4.1
-8.1
5.9
-2.9
-2.8
-1.6
-1.4
9.6
1.1
-4.4
4.1
-0.2
4.7
-6.6
-6.8
-10.1
-4.5
1.3
-2.1
-1.9
-3.1
-1.8
-5.7
-5.0
3.5
-3.8
2.9
-1.8
-6.7d
-3.9
-1.8
-0.1
-7.7
-5.4
-4.2
-2.5
-2.9
-3.3
2.4
-0.3
-5.2
-6.1
-3.5
-6.0
-2.8
-2.6
21.5
68.1
32.1
33.7
7.6
92.6
35.5
48.2
38.2
23.3
na
33.6
45.5
99.6
27.8
46.8
75.1
na
27.1
15.7
na
28.9
420.7
63.4
46.1
24.8
29.0
35.1
0.2
34.4
10.7
10.4
-16.5
53.3
13.4
20.8
13.9
0.3
10.8
11.4
16.2
60.2
0.2
17.0
45.9
6.6
7.1
-3.2
-3.7
3.9
322.1
35.8
22.4
1.9
5.7
9.6
12.0
28.2p
29.5e
-14.3
0.0
-31.5
-19.1
3.7e
1.1
0.0
9.5e
7.2e
10.3
-13.6
-3.5
9.3e
na
28.6
2.4
9.9e
na
4.2e
na
19.8e
32.7
8.3p
17.1
-4.4
6.1
4.7
3.8
4.2
5.1
3.1
4.7
6.5
8.1
6.3
na
5.6
9.8
2.4
3.3
3.5
4.1
4.3
5.6
4.3
3.4
4.1
2.9
3.8
3.0
5.2
3.3
3.0
202.8
143.9
70.6
240.7
120.0
167.2
281.1
116.8
214.3
165.2
133.3
125.0
310.9
145.5
86.7
377.8
131.2
217.0
239.9
145.3
69.5
217.0
120.8
124.1
71.1
165.9
235.3
195.8
203.1
385.9
642.9
248.9
602.7
463.7
231.9
954.9
572.6
338.3
483.2
694.4
147.6
831.3
783.0
55.3
136.9
50.1
172.7
237.3
339.9
267.1
560.8
666.2
1141.3e
372.0
278.0
1010.2
Flags:e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) House price index e = NSI estimates for CZ and SI; e = source NCB for EL, HR, IT, PT, and AT; e = NSI&NCB estimates for LU. 2) Labour productivity for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept. 3) Private sector debt: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant
revisions in the time series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
38
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0040.png
Table 2.8 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2009
Year
2009
Activity rate - %
of total
Employment rate
population aged
(1 year % change)
15-64
(%)
Long-term
unemployment
rate - % of active
population aged
15-74
(%)
Young people neither in
Youth
employment nor in education
unemployment
and training - % of total
rate - % of active
population aged 15-24
population aged
15-24
3 year change
(%)
%
in pp
21.9
15.1
16.6
11.8
11.1
27.4
24.0
25.7
37.7
23.6
25.4
25.3
13.8
33.3
29.6
16.5
26.4
14.5
10.2
10.7
20.6i
25.3
20.0
13.6
27.6
21.5
25.0
19.1
11.1
19.5
8.5
5.4
8.8
14.5b
18.6b
12.4b
18.1
12.7
13.4
17.6
9.9b
17.5
12.1
5.8b
13.6
9.9
4.1
8.2
10.1
11.2
13.9
7.5
12.5
9.9
9.6
13.2
-0.1
-2.7
-0.7
1.8
-0.8
5.7b
8.5b
0.4b
6.3
1.4
-0.8
0.8
-0.8b
6.0
3.8
-0.9b
1.2
-0.4
0.1
0.4
-2.5
0.6
-0.9
-1.0
-1.9
2.2
0.3
4.6
People at risk of poverty or
social exclusion -
% of total population
People living in households
People at risk of poverty after Severely materially deprived
with very low work intensity -
social transfers -
people -
% of total population aged 0-
% of total population
% of total population
59
3 year change
in pp
-0.1
3.4
-1.3
1.4
3.0
1.4
-3.5
-0.8
0.1
-0.3
na
-0.9
0.2
2.9
0.3
0.8
-3.5
0.7
1.4
1.9
-2.0
-0.6
4.1
-0.3
-0.6
1.2
1.0
-1.7
3 year change
in pp
5.2
41.9
6.1
2.3
5.4
6.2
6.1
11.0
4.5
5.6
na
7.3
9.5
22.1
15.6
1.1
20.3
5.0
1.4
4.6
15.0
9.1
32.1
6.1
11.1
2.8
1.6
3.3u
-1.2
-15.8
-3.5
-0.8
0.3
-0.8
1.3
-0.5
0.4
0.6
na
0.9
-3.1
-9.2
-9.7
0.0
-0.6
1.1
-0.9
1.0
-12.6
0.0
na
1.0
-7.1
-0.5
-0.5
-1.2u
3 year change
in pp
-2.0
-7.8
-2.9
-0.8
-2.7
-1.5
7.1
-1.5
1.2
-0.7
na
-2.1
0.2
0.3
-1.1
1.1
-1.8
-0.5
-2.4
-1.0
-5.5
0.4
na
-1.3
-0.6
-0.7
-0.4
0.7
%
20.2
46.2
14.0
17.6
20.0
23.4
25.7
27.6
24.7
18.5
na
24.9
23.5
37.9
29.6
17.8
29.6
20.3
15.1
19.1
27.8
24.9
43.0
17.1
19.6
16.9
15.9
22.0
3 year change
in pp
-1.3
-15.1
-4.0
0.9
-0.2
1.4
2.4
-1.7
0.7
-0.3
na
-1.0
-1.9
-4.3
-6.3
1.3
-1.8
0.8
-0.9
1.3
-11.7
-0.1
na
0.0
-7.1
-0.2
-0.4
-1.7
%
14.6
21.8
8.6
13.1
15.5
19.7
15.0
19.7
20.4
12.9
na
18.4
15.8
26.4
20.3
14.9
12.4
14.9
11.1
14.5
17.1
17.9
22.1
11.3
11.0
13.8
13.3
17.3
%
%
12.3
6.9
6.0
8.8
10.9
5.6
20.0
6.6
7.6
8.4
na
9.2
4.0
7.4
7.2
6.3
11.3
9.2
8.5
7.1
6.9
7.0
8.1
5.6
5.6
8.4
6.4
12.7
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
-0.2
-1.7
-1.8
-3.2
0.1
-10.2
-7.8
-0.6
-6.3
-1.1
-0.7d
-1.7
0.0
-14.3
-7.7
1.0
-2.5
0.0
-0.9
-0.5
0.4
-2.7
-2.0
-1.8
-2.0
-2.4
-2.4
-1.6
66.9
67.2
70.1
80.2
76.3
74.0
70.6b
67.4b
73.1
69.8
65.6
62.3
73.0b
73.5
69.6
68.7b
61.2
59.4
79.7
74.3
64.7
73.4
63.1
71.8
68.4
75.0
78.9
75.7
3.5
3.0
2.0
0.6
3.5
3.7
3.5b
3.9b
4.3
3.3e
5.1
3.4
0.6b
4.5
3.3
1.2b
4.2
2.9
0.8
1.2
2.5
4.2
2.2
1.8
6.5
1.4
1.1
1.9
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. u:Low reliability.
1) Youth unemployment rate: for PL i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 2) Employment rate for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
39
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0041.png
Table 2.9: Auxiliary indicators, 2008
Net trade balance of energy
products
(% of GDP)
Unit labour cost
performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
Foreign direct investment
in the reporting economy -
flows
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment
in the reporting economy -
stocks
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic
expenditure on R&D
(% of
GDP)
Financial sector leverage,
non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
Nominal unit labour cost
index (2010=100)
(10 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Real effective exchange
rate - Euro Area trading
partners
(3 year % change)
Export market share in
volume
(1 year % change)
Current plus capital
account (Net lending-
borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Gross fixed capital
formation
(% of GDP)
House price index
(2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Export performance
against advanced
economies
(5 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Private sector debt,
non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Year
2008
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
0.8
6.0
2.7
-0.5
1.1
-5.4
-3.9
-0.3
1.1
0.2
2.1
-1.1
3.9
-3.5
2.6
-1.3
0.9
3.3
1.7
1.5
4.2
0.2
8.5
3.3
5.6
0.7
-0.6
-0.5
24.0
33.0
29.0
22.9
20.3
31.2
24.8
23.8
29.2
23.6
28.1
21.2
27.2
32.1
26.0
20.3
23.2
19.6
22.3
23.3
23.1
22.8
38.4
29.6
25.5
24.4
24.3
17.0
1.9
0.5
1.2
2.8
2.6
1.3
1.4
0.7be
1.3
2.1
0.9
1.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.6
1.0
0.5
1.6
2.6e
0.6
1.5b
0.6
1.6b
0.5
3.6
3.5e
1.6e
-1.5
-21.2
-1.2
2.9
5.6
-7.5
-6.8
-13.4
-8.8
-0.9
-9.0
-2.8
-15.3
-11.0
-11.7
6.9
-5.8
-0.7
5.0
4.4
-5.6
-10.9
-11.4
-5.4
-5.3
2.3
7.7
-4.6
-85.7
na
-4.7
29.8
5.9
54.3
-153.2
73.2
78.1
22.7
na
37.0
58.3
53.9
35.3
-2139.8
67.1
-428.8
59.8
23.2
28.3
74.6
27.7
34.5
17.7
8.9
66.2
na
38.4
17.9
3.7
0.5
0.8
8.0
7.9
1.4
4.8
2.3
7.6
-0.5
8.7
3.7
4.0
182.4
47.6
164.7
17.8
1.5
2.7
3.0
6.5
2.0
4.9
7.0
8.3
9.1
192.0
na
60.3
44.6
31.9
77.1
209.0
12.0
45.1
34.2
42.2
18.8
701.6
36.0
29.9
2968.2
218.0
1636.5
404.8
72.7
39.7
47.6
35.9
25.0
60.5
50.9
91.5
60.1
-5.3
-8.0
-4.1
1.6
-3.4
-4.1
-3.1
-3.8
-3.6
-2.8
-5.1
-3.6
-6.4
-5.5
-5.7
-6.6
-6.2
-2.3
-0.7
-3.5
-3.0
-4.6
-2.8
-6.2
-5.9
-3.3
-1.9
-0.7
1.2
19.5
22.8
-0.6
-1.3
12.1
1.1
2.8
3.1
-1.2
6.0
0.0
-0.7
21.5
10.4
2.1
8.5
0.6
-2.3
-0.7
14.5
0.0
9.9
3.9
26.7
-1.3
-4.6
-13.5
-0.9
50.9
70.3
6.8
6.3
52.4
-7.3
16.7
-4.6
-9.6
4.9
-6.4
-16.9e
96.7
59.2e
28.8
39.4
23.4
4.5
6.3
68.4e
-1.1
113.6
29.5
46.8e
6.5
3.7
-13.9
-4.7
13.0
-3.3
3.3
-4.6
7.4
-3.2
-1.7
-1.2
-3.2
6.7
-8.0
0.1
3.9
11.5
1.8
-4.0
0.0
-0.2
-4.0
4.5
-2.9
28.9
-4.1
-4.5
-10.2
-2.3
-4.0
-1.2
-0.4
1.3
1.0
-1.0
-2.0
-6.7
0.6
-3.7
-2.5
-2.1
-6.0
-3.6
-0.5
10.6
2.6
4.0
16.5
-1.1
-0.7
4.2
-3.2
-6.1
1.3
0.1
3.7
-0.9
-2.3
-1.0
3.6
0.5
-1.7
-0.2
-5.2
-3.3
-1.6
0.9
-0.3
-0.1d
-1.3
0.3
-2.7
4.0
-5.8
2.9
0.8
0.1
-0.4
0.4
-0.2
8.4
0.7
2.3
-1.5
-1.4
-1.3
19.2
65.7
31.9
30.1
2.1
97.0
43.3
43.0
38.9
20.2
na
30.0
37.2
132.8
31.8
37.9
81.2
na
22.4
10.0
na
29.1
604.8
57.5
43.1
16.7
23.8
32.7
1.9
38.2
14.8
11.3
-18.8
60.5
24.2
20.9
18.2
1.0
15.0
11.3
13.5
92.4
5.3
12.4
56.8
4.8
7.0
-4.5
3.9
6.9
492.6
36.0
24.5
-1.6
5.1
10.7
23.5
84.8p
45.0e
20.8
-1.2
63.2
14.9
22.0e
22.7e
19.6
35.7e
13.9e
32.1
113.8e
76.7e
22.9e
na
61.1
11.7
10.1e
na
7.3be
na
54.5e
na
14.2p
27.9
13.2
6.5
5.8
4.0
5.4
5.0
4.3
8.2
8.1
10.4
6.8
na
5.8
12.1
6.1
3.4
4.4
4.1
5.6
6.2
4.4
3.8
4.7
3.1
4.6
2.5
5.9
3.9
3.6
190.5
136.8
67.6
231.4
116.3
161.6
254.8
113.4
209.3
157.4
120.3
116.3
289.5
120.7
81.9
326.7
119.4
195.9
222.2
142.7
69.7
208.2
112.9
114.6
66.1
156.6
217.9
196.9
238.3
431.9
759.0
316.4
758.1
433.4
276.7
1196.7
615.8
414.3
481.3
764.1
127.6
985.8
1008.0
69.8
136.4
50.1
219.2
290.2
407.9
266.0
674.2
680.5
1148.8e
451.4
372.5
1778.4
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) House price index e = Eurostat estimates for ES, LV, LT; e = NSI estimates for CZ and SI; e = source NCB for EL, HR, IT, AT, and PT; e = source NSI&NCB for LU. 2) Labour productivity for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept. 3) Private sector debt: due to improved sources
and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
40
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0042.png
Table 2.9 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2008
Year
2008
Activity rate - %
of total
Employment rate
population aged
(1 year % change)
15-64
(%)
Long-term
unemployment
rate - % of active
population aged
15-74
(%)
Young people neither in
Youth
employment nor in education
unemployment
and training - % of total
rate - % of active
population aged 15-24
population aged
15-24
3 year change
(%)
%
in pp
18.0
11.9
9.9
8.0
10.4
12.0i
13.3
21.9
24.5
19.0
23.6
21.2
9.0
13.6
13.3
17.3
19.5i
11.7
8.6
8.5
17.2
21.6
17.6
10.4
19.3
16.5
20.2
15.0
10.1
17.4b
6.7
4.3
8.4b
8.7
15.0
11.4b
14.3
10.5
11.6
16.6
9.7
11.8
8.8
6.2
11.5
8.3
3.4
7.4
9.0b
10.2
11.6
6.5
11.1
7.8
7.8b
12.1b
-2.9
-7.7b
-6.6
0.0
-2.5b
-1.9
4.1
-4.5b
1.3
-0.7
-5.1
-0.5
-9.8
1.2
0.0
0.7
-1.4
-3.6
-1.9
-1.2
-4.9b
-0.9
-5.2
-2.4
-4.7
0.0
-2.7b
3.7b
People at risk of poverty or
social exclusion -
% of total population
People living in households
People at risk of poverty after Severely materially deprived
with very low work intensity -
social transfers -
people -
% of total population aged 0-
% of total population
% of total population
59
3 year change
in pp
-0.1
7.4
-1.4
0.0
3.0
1.2
-4.2
0.5
-0.3
-0.5
na
-0.3
-0.2
6.5
0.4
-0.3
-1.1
1.0
-0.2
2.6
-3.6
-0.9
6.6
0.1
-2.4
1.9
2.7
-0.3
3 year change
in pp
5.6
41.2
6.8
2.0
5.5
4.9
5.5
11.2
3.6
5.4
na
7.5
9.1
19.3
12.5
0.7
17.9
4.3
1.5
5.9
17.7
9.7
32.7
6.7
11.8
3.5
1.4
4.5
-0.9
na
-5.0
-1.2
0.9
-7.5
0.4
-1.6
-0.5
0.1
na
0.7
-3.1
-20.0
-20.1
-1.1
-5.0
-1.1
-1.0
2.4
-16.1
0.4
na
1.6
-10.3
-0.3
-0.9
-0.8
3 year change
in pp
-3.4
na
-1.7
-1.6
-0.3
-4.2
-1.0
-0.1
-0.3
0.1
na
-0.6
0.1b
-2.9
-3.5
-1.0
2.5
-1.0
-1.6
0.1b
-6.3
0.3
na
-1.9
-1.4
-2.5
-2.1
-2.5
%
20.8
44.8b
15.3
16.3
20.1
21.8
23.7
28.1
23.8b
18.5b
na
25.5
23.3b
34.2b
28.3
15.5
28.2
20.1
14.9
20.6b
30.5b
26.0
44.2
18.5
20.6
17.4
14.9
23.2
3 year change
in pp
-1.8
na
-4.3
-0.9
1.7
-4.1
-1.3
-1.3
-0.5b
-0.4b
na
-0.1
-2.0b
-12.1b
-12.7
-1.8
-3.9
-0.4
-1.8
3.2b
-14.8b
-0.1
na
0.0
-11.4
0.2
0.5
-1.6
%
14.7
21.4
9.0
11.8
15.2
19.5
15.5
20.1
19.8
12.5
na
18.9
15.9
25.9
20.9
13.4
12.4
15.3
10.5
15.2
16.9
18.5
23.6
12.3
10.9
13.6
12.2
18.7
%
%
11.7
8.1b
7.2
8.5
11.7
5.3
13.7
7.5
6.6
8.8
na
10.4
4.5b
5.4
6.1
4.7
12.0
8.6
8.2
7.4b
8.0
6.3
8.5
6.7
5.2
7.5
5.5
10.4
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
1.8
2.4
2.2
1.2
1.3
-0.2
-0.6
1.3
0.2
0.5
2.1d
0.2
3.5
-0.8
-1.3
4.8
-2.0
2.5
1.6
1.9
3.8
0.4
0.0
2.6
3.2
2.2
0.9
0.8
67.1
67.8
69.7
80.7
75.9
74.2
72.1
66.7
72.7
69.4
65.8
62.9
73.6
74.2
68.4
66.8
61.2
59.1
79.3
73.9
63.8
73.9
62.9
71.8
68.8
76.0
79.3
75.8b
3.3
2.9
2.2
0.5
3.9
1.7
1.7
3.7
2.0
2.9e
5.3
3.0
0.5
1.9
1.3u
1.6
3.6
2.6
0.9
1.0
2.4
3.6
2.4
1.9
6.6
1.2
0.8
1.4
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. u:Low reliability.
1) Youth unemployment rate: for EE and HU i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 2) Employment rate for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
41
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1821737_0043.png
Table 2.10: Auxiliary indicators, 2007
Net trade balance of energy
products
(% of GDP)
Unit labour cost
performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
Foreign direct investment
in the reporting economy -
flows
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment
in the reporting economy -
stocks
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic
expenditure on R&D
(% of
GDP)
Financial sector leverage,
non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
Nominal unit labour cost
index (2010=100)
(10 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Real effective exchange
rate - Euro Area trading
partners
(3 year % change)
Export market share in
volume
(1 year % change)
Current plus capital
account (Net lending-
borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Gross fixed capital
formation
(% of GDP)
House price index
(2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Export performance
against advanced
economies
(5 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Private sector debt,
non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Year
2007
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
3.4
7.3
5.6
0.9
3.3
7.7
5.2
3.3
3.8
2.4
5.2
1.5
4.8
10.0
11.1
8.4
0.4
4.0
3.7
3.7
7.0
2.5
6.9
6.9
10.8
5.2
3.4
2.4
23.2
28.3
29.5
23.5
20.1
36.6
28.7
26.0
31.0
23.1
26.8
21.6
25.5
36.4
28.6
18.4
23.6
22.4
21.8
22.9
22.5
22.5
36.0
28.8
26.8
24.2
23.9
17.7
1.8
0.4
1.3
2.5b
2.5
1.1
1.2
0.6e
1.2
2.0
0.8
1.1
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.6e
1.0
0.6
1.7
2.4
0.6
1.1
0.5
1.4
0.5
3.4
3.3
1.6
1.6
-25.7
-4.0
1.5
6.7
-13.8
-6.4
-13.3
-9.3
-0.2
-7.2
-1.3
na
-18.9
-13.4
9.3
-6.4
-0.7
5.3
3.8
-5.3
-8.6
-13.2
-4.3
-5.1
3.9
8.1
-3.8
-45.3
na
-7.4
32.3
3.8
48.5
-203.9
66.1
71.5
13.0
na
na
na
46.1
28.1
-2587.1
26.3
-385.9
46.4
15.4
19.7
64.7
20.4
24.2
12.9
-0.2
45.1
na
19.8
28.0
7.0
3.7
1.5
13.5
22.9
0.7
4.8
3.2
7.8
3.0
na
8.8
5.8
372.8
49.6
451.2
85.9
17.3
5.8
2.5
5.9
2.3
6.5
8.5
9.4
6.8
154.6
na
58.1
47.1
33.7
75.0
192.1
16.1
44.7
34.8
64.5
21.4
na
35.3
36.6
2757.4
176.7
1549.3
409.0
74.9
38.4
51.0
36.7
24.0
64.2
46.4
81.3
51.3
-3.6
-7.3
-3.2
1.8
-2.4
-3.6
-2.4
-2.9
-3.0
-2.2
-3.9
-2.9
-5.1
-4.3
-4.2
-5.3
-4.6
-1.5
-1.2
-2.8
-2.6
-3.6
-2.6
-4.7
-4.9
-2.5
-1.6
-0.4
0.4
14.4
14.4
-1.3
-0.7
8.5
1.4
3.3
3.5
-1.4
4.4
-0.1
-0.4
10.8
4.6
3.0
8.9
-0.7
-1.8
-0.6
18.9
0.6
38.9
2.0
21.7
-3.0
-3.6
-0.6
2.4
59.9
73.9
3.2
12.1
69.0
-3.4
20.0
4.5
-8.9
23.9
0.0
-10.7e
114.6
43.3e
37.8
41.3
na
7.0
11.5
70.9e
6.2
102.1
35.7
83.9e
4.7
11.2
-6.7
-2.5
15.4
-2.0
2.3
-1.9
9.0
-5.2
1.1
2.6
-2.6
7.9
-4.4
3.3
7.8
7.6
1.5
-3.1
2.1
0.4
-2.0
5.5
-0.5
26.9
-2.3
-3.3
-9.7
-1.8
0.3
-2.2
11.7
3.1
-4.2
1.4
4.7
1.0
2.7
0.4
-5.1
-4.5
-1.7
-2.6
5.9
-4.7
0.2
8.2
3.0
-2.3
-0.3
2.1
-0.6
-0.1
5.7
6.7
1.2
-3.4
-9.4
1.8
4.0
3.4
-1.4
1.5
7.5
0.8
1.9
0.5
0.9
1.9p
0.2
0.4
5.9
8.9
3.8
0.3
1.7
0.7
1.9
2.4
2.5
6.5
3.5
8.5
3.0
1.1
1.5
15.1
123.5
36.2
27.0
-0.1
80.9
na
44.5
33.8
16.5
na
22.6
32.4
96.2
28.2
25.8
94.0
na
19.8
6.2
na
30.4
948.0
55.5
44.4
11.6
13.0
35.7
1.4
92.1
21.8
12.3
-17.5
54.2
24.1
26.5
17.2
1.2
29.5
7.7
13.0
69.0
7.4
5.9
73.0
4.5
8.4
-4.9
9.5
11.8
812.2
38.9
29.8
-2.8
-0.9
16.8
33.3e
102.0e
30.5e
49.8e
-1.4e
na
35.4e
33.0e
41.4e
36.8b
46.8e
19.5e
32.8e
162.1e
103.7e
32.5be
na
56.2e
14.5e
14.4e
na
5.8e
na
65.2e
na
22.5e
38.8e
32.4e
6.3
5.0
4.1
6.5
5.1
6.1
11.1
10.8
11.7
6.7
na
5.8
12.3
7.2
2.8
4.0
4.0
7.4
6.3
4.3
3.7
5.2
2.4
4.2
2.5
6.5
4.3
3.8
169.5
125.0
61.8
220.6
117.1
152.4
200.9
101.8
205.5
150.5
111.6
112.7
270.0
116.1
80.7
331.7
109.0
180.5
220.9
140.5
56.8
196.7
106.1
104.0
61.2
145.2
190.9
188.0
194.5
215.0
648.5
204.7
515.8
397.5
190.1
308.2
403.6
293.0
237.6
354.1
360.1
1007.6
774.3
59.7
117.5
48.7
218.2
204.6
211.8
216.5
510.7
447.4
998.4e
251.8
219.0
885.2
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) House price index: e = Eurostat estimates for ES, CY, LV, LT, MT; e = NSI estimates for BG , CZ, DK, DE, IE, NL, SI, FI, SE and UK; e = source NCB for EL, HR, IT, LU, AT and PT; e = NSI&NCB estimates for LU. 2) Private sector debt: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the
time series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
42
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1821737_0044.png
Table 2.10 (continued): Auxiliary indicators, 2007
Year
2007
Activity rate - %
of total
Employment rate
population aged
(1 year % change)
15-64
(%)
Long-term
unemployment
rate - % of active
population aged
15-74
(%)
Young people neither in
Youth
employment nor in education
unemployment
and training - % of total
rate - % of active
population aged 15-24
population aged
15-24
3 year change
(%)
%
in pp
18.8
14.1
10.7
7.5
11.8
10.1
9.1
22.7
18.1
19.5
25.4
20.4
10.2
10.6
8.4
15.6
18.1
13.5
9.4
9.4
21.6
21.4
19.3
10.1
20.6
16.5
19.2
14.3
11.2
19.1
6.9
4.3b
8.9
8.9
10.8b
11.3
12.0
10.7
12.9
16.1
9.0
11.9
7.1
5.7b
11.5
11.5
3.5
7.4b
10.6
11.2
13.3
6.7
12.5
7.0
7.5b
11.9b
-4.2
-7.3
-6.8
-0.8b
-1.2
-3.6
-1.1b
-5.3
-0.5
-0.2
-4.2
-0.7
-0.4
-0.5
-3.5
-0.6b
-1.2
-1.6
-1.8
-1.7b
-4.4
0.0
-6.5
-0.8
-5.4
-2.1
-0.1b
3.5b
People at risk of poverty or
social exclusion -
% of total population
People living in households
People at risk of poverty after Severely materially deprived
with very low work intensity -
social transfers -
people -
% of total population aged 0-
% of total population
% of total population
59
3 year change
in pp
0.9
6.0
1.6
0.8
4.2
-0.8
-3.7
0.4
-0.4
-0.4
na
0.6
na
5.2
2.1
0.8
2.3
0.1
-0.8
-1.0
1.3
-2.3
7.6
1.5
na
2.0
-0.8
0.6
3 year change
in pp
5.7
57.6
7.4
3.3
4.8
5.6
4.5
11.5
3.5
4.7
na
7.0
13.3
24.0
16.6
0.8
19.9
4.4
1.7
3.3
22.3
9.6
38.0
5.1
13.7
3.6
2.2
4.2
1.0
na
na
0.4
na
-3.8
-0.3
-2.6
-1.3
-1.4
na
0.0
na
na
na
0.0
na
na
na
-0.5
na
-0.3
na
na
na
-0.2
-0.8
na
3 year change
in pp
-0.9
na
na
0.8
na
-3.5
1.4
0.6
-0.5
-0.7
na
-2.1
na
na
na
-1.2
na
na
na
1.4
na
0.3
na
na
na
-0.7
-2.7
na
%
21.6
60.7
15.8
16.8
20.6
22.0
23.1
28.3
23.3
19.0
na
26.0
25.2
35.1
28.7
15.9
29.4
19.7
15.7
16.7
34.4
25.0
47.0
17.1
21.4
17.4
13.9
22.6
3 year change
in pp
0.0
na
na
0.3
na
-4.3
-1.7
-2.6
-1.7
-0.8
na
-0.2
na
na
na
-0.2
na
na
na
-1.2
na
-2.5
na
na
na
0.2
-3.0
na
%
15.2
22.0
9.6
11.7
15.2
19.4
17.2
20.3
19.7
13.1
na
19.5
15.5
21.2
19.1
13.5
12.3
15.1
10.2
12.0
17.3
18.1
24.6
11.5
10.6
13.0
10.5
18.6
%
%
13.8
16.0
8.6
10.1
11.5
6.2
14.3
8.1
6.8
9.6
na
10.2
3.7
6.2
6.4
5.0
11.3
9.6
9.7
8.2
10.1
7.2
9.9
7.3
6.4
8.8
6.0
10.4
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
1.7
3.2
2.1
2.3
1.7
0.2
4.4
1.3
3.3
1.4
3.2p
1.2
4.4
3.8
2.0
4.4
0.1
2.2
3.0
1.8
4.5
0.0
0.4
3.4
2.1
2.1
2.3
0.8
67.1
66.3
69.9
80.1
75.6
73.2
72.6b
66.5
71.8
69.3
65.7
62.4
73.9
72.6
67.9
66.9b
61.6
58.8
78.5
73.5b
63.2
73.9
63.0
71.3
68.3
75.6
79.1
75.5b
3.8
4.1
2.8
0.6
4.9
2.3
1.4b
4.2
1.7
3.3e
6.0
2.9
0.7
1.6
1.4u
1.2b
3.5
2.7
1.2
1.3b
4.9
3.8
3.2
2.2
8.3
1.5
0.8
1.3
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional. u:Low reliability.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
43
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1821737_0045.png
Chapter 3: Tables by indicator
Table 3.1: Current account balance, % of GDP (3 year average)
The Current account provides information about the transactions of a country with the rest of the world. It covers all transactions (other than those in financial items) in goods, services, primary income and secondary income
which occur between resident and non-resident units. The MIP scoreboard indicator is the three-year backward moving average of the current account balance expressed in percent of GDP. The indicator is based on Balance of
Payments (BoP) data. Starting from October 2014 definitions are based on the Sixth Edition of the IMF's Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6).
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
2.0
-17.5
-3.1
3.0
5.7
-12.9
-5.1
-11.8
-8.7
-0.1
-6.4
-1.3
-8.6
-17.7
-11.2
10.2
-7.0
-5.0
7.8
3.1
-4.3
-10.1
-10.9
-2.6
-8.7
3.6
7.5
-3.0
2008
1.0
-21.0
-3.0
2.6
6.0
-12.9
-6.3
-13.9
-9.3
-0.4
-7.6
-1.9
-11.8
-17.9
-13.3
9.1
-7.0
-3.2
7.1
3.9
-5.7
-10.8
-12.0
-3.8
-7.3
3.3
8.1
-3.9
2009
0.0
-18.1
-2.9
2.6
6.0
-7.1
-6.3
-14.2
-7.7
-0.7
-7.2
-2.0
-11.7
-8.4
-9.2
8.2
-4.9
-3.2
5.8
3.6
-5.7
-10.8
-10.2
-3.3
-5.3
2.7
7.3
-4.1
2010
-0.1
-10.7
-2.6
4.3
5.7
-1.5
-4.8
-12.9
-5.8
-0.9
-5.2
-2.7
-11.5
-0.8
-4.5
7.1
-2.5
-4.1
5.9
3.3
-5.3
-10.9
-7.2
-2.0
-4.9
1.8
6.6
-4.1
2011
-0.1
-3.2
-2.6
5.5
5.8
1.9
-3.3
-11.2
-3.8
-0.9
-2.4
-2.8
-7.7
2.2
-1.5
6.6
0.1
-3.8
7.1
2.4
-4.8
-8.9
-4.9
-0.2
-4.4
0.5
5.8
-3.4
2012
0.2
-0.7
-2.4
6.5
6.2
0.4
-2.3
-8.4
-2.4
-1.0
-0.7
-2.2
-7.1
-1.6
-2.4
6.1
0.9
-1.1
8.7
2.0
-4.8
-6.0
-4.9
0.7
-2.9
-0.8
5.7
-3.5
2013
-0.5
0.3
-1.4
6.9
6.6
0.0
-1.0
-5.3
-0.6
-1.0
0.0
-0.8
-5.0
-3.2
-1.7
5.7
2.1
1.4
9.6
1.7
-3.4
-2.1
-3.6
2.2
-0.7
-1.8
5.5
-4.1
2014
-0.4
0.2
-0.6
7.7
7.1
-0.4
0.4
-2.5
0.8
-1.1
0.9
0.9
-5.1
-2.7
0.9
5.4
2.3
4.4
9.6
2.0
-2.4
0.0
-2.2
4.1
1.3
-1.6
5.2
-5.0
2015
-0.4
0.4
0.0
8.5
7.6
0.9
4.9
-1.3
1.2
-0.7
2.5
1.5
-3.6
-1.6
0.4
5.2
2.9
5.3
9.0
2.1
-1.3
0.6
-1.0
4.9
0.4
-1.3
4.9
-5.4
2016
-0.3
1.8
0.5
8.4
8.1
1.4
5.5
-1.0
1.4
-0.7
2.9
2.1
-3.6
-0.3
-0.3
5.0
3.6
6.7
8.8
2.2
-1.0
0.3
-1.3
5.1
-0.7
-1.2
4.6
-5.5
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
44
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1821737_0046.png
Table 3.2: Current account balance (% of GDP)
The Current account provides information about the transactions of a country with the rest of the world. It covers all transactions (other than those in financial items) in goods, services, primary income and secondary income
which occur between resident and non-resident units. The indicator is expressed in percent of GDP and based on Balance of Payments (BoP) data. Starting from October 2014 definitions are based on the Sixth Edition of the
IMF's Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6).
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
2.0
-23.9
-4.6
1.4
6.7
-15.0
-6.5
-15.2
-9.6
-0.3
-7.3
-1.4
-11.8
-20.7
-15.5
9.7
-7.1
-1.9
7.0
3.8
-6.3
-9.7
-13.8
-4.1
-5.9
3.8
8.2
-3.8
2008
-1.0
-22.0
-1.9
2.9
5.6
-8.7
-6.9
-15.1
-9.3
-1.0
-9.0
-2.8
-15.5
-12.3
-13.6
7.6
-7.0
-1.1
5.0
4.5
-6.7
-12.1
-11.8
-5.3
-6.5
2.2
7.8
-4.6
2009
-1.1
-8.3
-2.3
3.5
5.7
2.5
-5.6
-12.3
-4.3
-0.8
-5.3
-1.9
-7.7
7.8
1.4
7.2
-0.8
-6.6
5.5
2.6
-4.0
-10.4
-4.8
-0.6
-3.4
1.9
6.0
-3.9
2010
1.8
-1.7
-3.6
6.6
5.6
1.8
-2.0
-11.4
-3.9
-0.8
-1.2
-3.4
-11.3
2.1
-1.3
6.7
0.3
-4.7
7.0
2.9
-5.4
-10.1
-5.1
-0.1
-4.7
1.2
6.0
-3.8
2011
-1.1
0.3
-2.1
6.6
6.1
1.3
-2.4
-10.0
-3.2
-1.0
-0.8
-3.0
-4.1
-3.2
-4.6
6.0
0.8
-0.2
8.7
1.6
-5.2
-6.0
-4.9
0.2
-5.0
-1.8
5.5
-2.4
2012
-0.1
-0.9
-1.6
6.3
7.0
-1.9
-2.6
-3.8
-0.2
-1.2
-0.2
-0.3
-6.0
-3.6
-1.4
5.6
1.7
1.7
10.3
1.5
-3.7
-1.8
-4.8
2.1
0.9
-1.9
5.6
-4.2
2013
-0.3
1.3
-0.5
7.8
6.7
0.5
2.1
-2.0
1.5
-0.9
1.0
1.0
-4.9
-2.7
0.8
5.5
3.8
2.7
9.9
1.9
-1.3
1.6
-1.1
4.4
1.9
-1.6
5.3
-5.5
2014
-0.9
0.1
0.2
8.9
7.4
0.3
1.6
-1.6
1.1
-1.1
2.0
1.9
-4.3
-1.7
3.2
5.2
1.5
8.8
8.6
2.5
-2.1
0.1
-0.7
5.8
1.1
-1.3
4.6
-5.3
2015
-0.1
0.0
0.2
8.8
8.5
2.0
10.9
-0.2
1.1
-0.2
4.4
1.5
-1.5
-0.5
-2.8
5.1
3.4
4.6
8.7
1.9
-0.6
0.1
-1.2
4.4
-1.8
-1.0
4.7
-5.2
2016
0.1
5.3
1.1
7.3
8.3
1.9
3.9
-1.1
1.9
-0.9
2.4
2.7
-4.9
1.4
-1.1
4.8
6.1
6.6
9.0
2.1
-0.3
0.7
-2.1
5.2
-1.5
-1.4
4.5
-5.9
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
45
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1821737_0047.png
Table 3.3: Net International Investment Position (% of GDP)
The international investment position (IIP) is a statistical statement that shows at a point in time the value and composition of financial assets of residents of an economy that are claims on non-residents and gold bullion held as
reserve assets, and liabilities of residents of an economy to non-residents. The difference between an
economy’s
external financial assets and liabilities is the
economy’s
net IIP (NIIP), which may be positive or negative. The
NIIP provides an aggregate view of the net financial position (assets minus liabilities) of a country vis-à-vis the rest of the world. The MIP scoreboard indicator is expressed in percent of GDP and based on Balance of Payments
(BoP) statistics. Starting from October 2014 definitions are based on the Sixth Edition of the IMF's Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6).
2007
33.6
-39.4
-36.4
-5.8
18.7
-71.3
-31.4
-93.7
-79.6
-8.9
-89.1
-21.2
-56.5
-69.0
-54.6
-18.2
-88.1
21.4
-15.0
-9.7
-49.2
-88.8
-46.9
-25.5
-56.4
-27.9
1.2
-8.0
2008
51.8
-48.0
-38.1
-5.1
18.1
-75.4
-95.7
-75.8
-80.2
-13.8
-73.8
-21.7
-79.1
-74.2
-51.5
16.3
-101.7
4.2
-8.1
-10.0
-55.6
-95.1
-52.5
-39.4
-58.1
-4.6
-7.9
9.7
2009
57.5
-49.7
-43.9
0.9
25.0
-80.1
-116.5
-87.5
-93.5
-14.8
-86.9
-22.3
-100.3
-82.7
-58.4
-28.9
-115.0
12.6
1.4
-5.0
-57.3
-107.9
-62.0
-43.6
-66.5
3.2
-7.2
-15.9
2010
65.2
-91.9
-46.0
12.8
25.6
-71.2
-114.6
-99.0
-88.6
-9.3
-94.0
-20.2
-111.2
-82.9
-55.9
-20.4
-108.3
12.1
11.2
-5.2
-65.1
-104.3
-63.4
-47.2
-61.9
16.5
-5.6
-7.9
2011
60.9
-82.8
-45.2
27.8
23.2
-54.8
-139.2
-88.8
-91.9
-8.7
-91.5
-18.3
-129.9
-74.4
-52.5
28.9
-105.7
6.3
20.4
-1.9
-62.4
-100.7
-65.4
-45.2
-64.4
15.1
-8.0
-11.7
2012
51.8
-77.9
-45.9
36.1
28.5
-51.1
-137.4
-115.9
-89.9
-12.8
-90.6
-22.2
-129.1
-67.2
-53.4
49.5
-93.6
19.6
27.0
-3.2
-65.3
-116.5
-67.4
-50.1
-61.4
11.7
-14.6
-29.0
2013
51.9
-73.3
-41.4
37.2
34.5
-50.1
-131.6
-130.4
-95.2
-16.6
-88.5
-22.7
-138.7
-66.3
-47.0
51.5
-83.1
27.0
31.0
1.3
-68.9
-116.3
-62.6
-47.2
-62.3
3.9
-12.5
-18.5
2014
45.1
-75.2
-36.6
43.4
40.9
-46.9
-161.0
-131.9
-97.8
-15.6
-85.4
-21.2
-147.0
-65.9
-45.1
31.9
-80.3
43.3
48.7
3.4
-69.1
-117.5
-57.3
-45.8
-63.6
-3.2
1.2
-22.3
2015
47.2
-61.2
-32.9
34.3
48.6
-39.8
-195.1
-136.3
-89.7
-15.7
-76.5
-19.7
-145.0
-63.8
-43.9
37.7
-67.8
52.2
55.1
2.5
-62.1
-112.0
-54.6
-39.8
-64.6
-6.1
4.6
-18.4
2016
51.2
-47.0
-24.6
54.8
54.4
-37.1
-176.2
-139.4
-83.9
-15.7
-70.1
-9.8
-127.8
-58.9
-43.2
34.7
-65.0
47.6
69.1
5.6
-60.7
-104.7
-49.9
-36.9
-62.4
-2.3
11.2
-1.1
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
1) LU: International investment position has been revised downwards following the revised treatment of Euro banknotes in national Balance of payments/International investment position statistics.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
46
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1821737_0048.png
Table 3.4: Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners, HICP deflator (3 year % change)
Real effective exchange rate (REER) aims to assess a country's price or cost competitiveness relative to its principal competitors in international markets. Changes in cost and price competitiveness depend not only on
exchange rate movements but also on cost and price trends. The specific REER for the MIP is deflated by the consumer price indices relative to a panel of 42 countries (double export weights are used to calculate REERs,
reflecting not only competition in the home markets of the various competitors, but also competition in export markets elsewhere). The MIP scoreboard indicator is the percentage change over three years of REER.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
0.2
9.8
12.4
-1.3
-1.5
6.5
3.0
-0.4
2.7
-1.6
1.9
-1.2
-1.3
7.7
0.9
2.4
6.5
1.2
-2.1
-1.8
16.3
0.6
36.0
-1.2
18.0
-4.9
-4.1
-0.4
2008
3.4
18.5
23.2
2.2
0.9
12.6
7.3
2.4
5.2
1.5
5.6
1.9
2.3
20.8
8.9
3.4
7.9
5.9
-0.1
-0.1
13.9
2.1
9.4
2.2
25.0
-0.3
-2.2
-11.5
2009
3.9
18.3
13.6
5.5
2.9
13.6
5.1
4.8
4.6
2.6
5.9
3.6
3.6
23.5
16.7
3.8
7.7
5.9
2.7
2.0
-4.1
1.1
-4.9
5.2
27.1
5.0
-8.5
-19.9
2010
0.5
9.7
12.1
0.1
-3.8
4.6
-5.4
2.8
-0.3
-2.3
1.8
-2.0
-0.1
6.7
7.2
1.2
-1.3
-0.8
-1.6
-2.1
-1.3
-3.1
-10.9
1.2
11.0
-1.3
-3.3
-20.5
2011
-1.6
1.9
-0.5
-2.6
-4.8
-0.8
-9.6
1.8
-2.5
-4.4
-4.7
-3.2
-3.0
-2.4
1.7
0.1
-4.2
-5.0
-2.4
-1.8
-11.5
-3.0
-3.2
-1.1
3.4
-2.8
3.2
-8.0
2012
-4.3
-4.0
0.5
-7.8
-9.0
-3.6
-12.2
-5.0
-5.3
-7.8
-8.4
-6.2
-5.9
-8.6
-6.7
-2.4
-0.8
-7.6
-6.0
-4.7
1.4
-4.0
-2.0
-4.5
-3.2
-8.3
10.2
5.9
2013
-0.2
-0.9
-3.0
-2.5
-1.8
3.1
-3.8
-4.4
-0.3
-2.2
-3.9
0.1
-0.8
-1.6
-0.6
0.8
-3.8
-1.2
0.5
0.7
-4.3
-0.6
0.4
-0.6
2.1
0.2
5.1
3.4
2014
-0.6
-2.8
-10.0
-1.2
-0.4
4.8
-3.6
-5.6
-1.0
-1.3
-0.9
0.2
-1.7
0.4
1.7
0.5
-6.8
0.1
0.7
1.9
-1.0
-1.8
-1.0
1.2
1.2
2.7
-3.7
10.1
2015
-1.6
-4.2
-8.1
-1.6
-2.1
5.9
-6.3
-5.6
-3.1
-2.8
0.2
-2.4
-6.1
2.7
4.3
-0.5
-7.1
-2.7
-0.8
1.5
-1.3
-3.0
2.7
0.4
-1.1
2.2
-8.2
10.8
2016
-0.4
-4.7
-3.7
-1.5
-2.6
4.5
-6.6
-3.9
-4.3
-3.1
0.1
-3.4
-6.5
4.9
5.4
-1.5
-5.0
-2.5
-2.3
1.0
-5.0
-1.9
-2.5
-0.5
-1.6
0.5
-9.2
0.2
Source: European Commission, DG ECFIN
47
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1821737_0049.png
Table 3.5: Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners, HICP deflator (1 year % change)
Real effective exchange rate (REER) aims to assess a country's price or cost competitiveness relative to its principal competitors in international markets. Changes in cost and price competitiveness depend not only on
exchange rate movements but also on cost and price trends. The specific REER for the MIP is deflated by the consumer price indices relative to a panel of 42 countries (double export weights are used to calculate REERs,
reflecting not only competition in the home markets of the various competitors, but also competition in export markets elsewhere). The indicator is one year percentage change of REER.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
0.7
4.7
2.6
0.7
1.3
4.5
3.1
0.7
1.6
0.6
0.4
0.9
-0.7
6.5
3.0
0.9
10.9
1.3
0.2
0.6
3.1
1.0
8.3
1.3
9.7
0.2
1.0
1.6
2008
2.8
8.7
15.0
2.2
0.6
6.6
3.6
1.6
2.5
1.6
4.0
1.4
3.2
10.2
6.1
2.0
2.5
3.7
0.6
0.3
8.8
0.6
-5.4
1.6
8.5
1.6
-2.5
-13.1
2009
0.5
4.0
-3.8
2.6
1.0
2.0
-1.5
2.4
0.4
0.4
1.4
1.3
1.0
5.1
6.8
0.9
-5.3
0.7
1.9
1.1
-14.5
-0.6
-7.3
2.3
6.8
3.1
-7.1
-9.3
2010
-2.6
-3.0
1.3
-4.5
-5.3
-3.8
-7.3
-1.2
-3.2
-4.2
-3.4
-4.6
-4.2
-8.0
-5.4
-1.7
1.6
-5.1
-3.9
-3.4
6.1
-3.1
1.5
-2.6
-4.3
-5.8
6.7
0.9
2011
0.6
1.0
2.0
-0.6
-0.6
1.1
-1.0
0.6
0.3
-0.6
-2.7
0.1
0.2
0.8
0.6
0.8
-0.5
-0.7
-0.3
0.5
-2.3
0.7
2.8
-0.7
1.1
0.0
4.1
0.5
2012
-2.3
-2.1
-2.8
-2.9
-3.4
-0.9
-4.4
-4.5
-2.4
-3.2
-2.5
-1.9
-2.1
-1.5
-2.1
-1.6
-1.9
-2.0
-1.8
-1.8
-2.2
-1.6
-6.1
-1.2
0.0
-2.6
-0.7
4.3
2013
1.5
0.1
-2.2
1.0
2.2
2.9
1.6
-0.6
1.9
1.6
1.2
1.9
1.1
-0.9
0.9
1.6
-1.4
1.5
2.7
2.1
0.2
0.3
4.0
1.4
0.9
2.9
1.7
-1.5
2014
0.2
-0.9
-5.2
0.8
0.8
2.7
-0.8
-0.7
-0.5
0.3
0.4
0.2
-0.8
2.9
2.9
0.5
-3.6
0.6
-0.1
1.7
1.0
-0.5
1.3
1.1
0.2
2.5
-4.6
7.1
2015
-3.3
-3.5
-0.8
-3.3
-4.9
0.1
-7.1
-4.4
-4.5
-4.6
-1.4
-4.4
-6.4
0.7
0.4
-2.6
-2.3
-4.7
-3.3
-2.3
-2.5
-2.8
-2.5
-2.0
-2.2
-3.1
-5.4
5.0
2016
2.8
-0.4
2.4
1.2
1.6
1.6
1.3
1.3
0.6
1.2
1.1
0.8
0.7
1.2
2.0
0.6
0.8
1.6
1.1
1.6
-3.5
1.5
-1.3
0.4
0.5
1.3
0.7
-10.9
Source: European Commission, DG ECFIN
48
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1821737_0050.png
Table 3.6: Export market share - % of world exports (5 year % change)
The export market share is calculated by dividing the exports (goods and services) of the country by the total exports of the region/world. The MIP indicator is expressed as the percentage change over five years. The total world
export data are based on International Monetary Fund (IMF) data.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
Flags:e:Estimated.
2007
-6.7
45.7
58.4
-6.0
2.1
53.9
-12.0
9.3
-4.8
-17.0
12.9
-8.9
-18.7e
95.6
30.5e
25.6
28.7
na
-2.5
1.6
55.7e
-3.3
84.2
23.6
67.6e
-4.6
1.4
-15.0
2008
-11.0
35.6
53.1
-4.1
-4.5
37.0
-16.7
4.8
-14.3
-18.8
-5.7
-15.9
-25.3e
76.8
43.1e
15.7
25.3
10.9
-6.1
-4.5
51.4e
-11.1
91.9
16.3
31.9e
-4.3
-6.8
-22.6
2009
-9.0
19.2
27.2
-1.1
-6.7
16.3
1.9
-10.3
-9.0
-14.4
-5.2
-17.9
-9.1e
52.6
30.8
11.9
12.9
45.8
-5.4
-6.1
34.4
-8.1
69.4
9.6
9.5
-12.9
-15.9
-20.0
2010
-11.3
8.1
11.8
-10.5
-7.7
9.5
-6.2
-14.2
-11.6
-17.4
-13.1
-18.9
-15.8e
21.8
19.1
3.4
3.5
38.0
-8.1
-12.5
24.8
-6.8
53.5
-1.5
4.0
-19.4
-12.7
-23.6
2011
-7.5
11.3
7.6
-13.6
-9.0
24.5
-10.1
-15.7
-8.4
-15.3
-16.0
-19.2
-11.4e
26.8
29.7
-3.7
-2.2
17.8
-8.2
-12.3
15.3
-8.5
50.2
-5.7
-2.6
-23.6
-12.1
-25.7
2012
-15.2
-0.6
-4.0
-17.4
-16.2
7.3
-15.9
-24.9
-17.9
-18.3
-23.8
-25.3
-21.7e
8.4
32.9
-9.8
-21.0
12.7
-12.4
-21.4
1.9
-16.3
12.8
-20.6
-9.9
-31.0
-19.1
-20.9
2013
-12.7
0.3
-9.4
-17.5
-12.1
10.2
-7.8
-25.4
-10.8
-14.6
-23.0
-19.9
-14.9
6.3
19.8
3.9
-22.5
-0.2
-11.0
-18.1
0.2
-7.1
14.2
-18.0
-3.7
-31.0
-16.9
-12.0
2014
-13.0
5.9
-5.8
-15.5
-8.6
20.4
-12.1
-18.1
-11.9
-14.2
-19.9
-14.9
-23.8
11.5
34.2
11.8
-16.3
-12.1
-11.0
-15.4
5.2
-5.7
20.7
-12.5
2.3
-26.1
-9.2
-8.9
2015
-11.9
12.2
-1.8
-8.2
-2.5
7.9
41.0
-20.7
-3.8
-5.6
-5.8
-8.9
-11.9
12.9
15.3
24.3
-7.8
-2.0
-6.4
-9.0
9.6
2.5
20.9
-4.2
4.5
-21.1
-9.1
2.2
2016
-2.3
8.2
2.9
-4.2
2.8
-0.7
59.8
-19.0
2.2
-2.4
8.1
-2.8
-3.0
9.3
5.4
26.2
-0.4
8.7
0.1
-4.0
18.1
5.8
23.6
4.0
7.3
-14.1
-7.9
-0.1
Source: European Commission, Eurostat, and IMF
49
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1821737_0051.png
Table 3.7: Export market share - % of world exports (1 year % change)
The export market share is calculated by dividing the exports (goods and services) of the country by the total exports of the region/world. The indicator is expressed as the percentage change over one year. The total world export
data are based on International Monetary Fund (IMF) data.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
Flags:e:Estimated.
2007
2.4
6.9
7.8
-0.5
3.9
13.4
3.3
6.9
5.0
-1.1
1.9
3.1
3.0e
21.7
3.5
7.5
10.7
3.3
1.8
4.8
10.6
4.4
24.0
10.3
9.1
4.4
2.3
-7.7
2008
-1.5
5.6
4.4
2.3
-3.3
0.9
-6.9
1.2
-4.5
-2.5
1.5
-6.3
-5.9e
4.4
20.0
-3.6
3.6
14.3
-0.2
-2.4
7.6
-3.8
14.1
-0.6
-1.8
0.0
-4.3
-10.9
2009
0.9
-4.7
0.8
-1.8
-1.5
-8.1
18.4
-5.7
2.1
0.2
-0.9
-5.1
12.7
-1.9
-11.7
2.5
-3.5
16.9
0.4
-1.9
0.1
-0.2
0.5
-2.8
-7.4
-11.0
-8.7
-0.1
2010
-6.6
-7.7
-5.0
-9.8
-6.2
2.8
-12.8
-11.5
-9.6
-10.1
-12.7
-8.6
-14.8
-4.9
4.8
-7.9
-7.9
-10.9
-6.8
-10.4
-1.7
-9.0
-0.4
-9.9
-4.6
-12.0
-1.5
-7.2
2011
-2.6
12.0
-0.2
-4.2
-2.0
15.1
-9.5
-6.7
-1.1
-2.6
-6.1
-3.5
-5.0
6.9
12.9
-1.4
-4.1
-4.2
-3.5
-2.5
-1.5
0.3
6.1
-1.7
2.9
-6.5
-0.2
-2.5
2012
-6.1
-4.5
-3.8
-4.8
-4.4
-2.3
-3.3
-4.8
-5.8
-4.5
-7.5
-4.8
-8.9
4.1
6.0
0.7
-10.5
-1.2
-2.9
-6.0
-2.3
-4.5
-6.9
-7.2
1.0
-5.8
-5.9
-1.8
2013
1.4
6.5
-1.4
2.2
1.6
3.7
2.1
0.6
3.7
1.9
2.5
0.5
2.3
2.4
8.2
10.9
1.7
1.2
1.4
1.7
5.8
6.8
15.5
2.6
5.0
0.1
-1.6
-0.8
2014
0.5
0.6
4.8
0.5
2.4
0.5
12.9
3.4
0.9
0.6
3.1
0.8
0.9
2.8
-1.1
10.3
4.2
3.0
0.5
1.4
5.1
1.3
6.2
3.7
-1.6
-4.7
-0.3
3.4
2015
-5.4
-2.1
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-7.8
39.8
-14.3
-1.3
-1.1
2.7
-2.1
-1.5
-3.7
-10.0
2.4
1.5
-0.6
-2.0
-3.7
2.4
-1.0
-0.2
-1.4
-2.6
-6.1
-1.3
4.1
2016
7.9
8.0
4.6
-0.2
3.3
5.9
2.6
-4.6
5.0
0.7
7.8
3.0
4.7
3.5
3.2
0.1
3.6
6.2
3.2
2.9
6.2
3.5
8.5
6.7
5.6
1.9
1.1
-4.7
Source: European Commission, Eurostat, and IMF
50
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1821737_0052.png
Table 3.8: Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100 (3 year % change)
The Nominal unit labour cost (NULC) index is defined as the ratio of labour cost to labour productivity, where labour cost is the ratio of Compensation of employees (current prices) to the number of Employees, and labour
productivity is the ratio of Gross domestic product (at market prices in millions, chain-linked volumes reference year 2010) to total Employment. Data on employees and employment are presented according to the domestic
concept used in National accounts. The MIP Scoreboard indicator is the percentage change over three years. Input data are obtained from the official national accounts' country data, through ESA2010 transmission programme.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
5.2
16.7
2.5
9.8
-2.9
31.8
13.1
11.0
11.3
5.7
7.8p
6.5
9.8
69.7
25.0
6.8
10.0
4.9
2.3
3.5
3.2
5.1
39.3
5.4
5.7
3.8
4.9
10.0
2008
8.9
25.5
6.8
13.2
-0.1
48.7
16.8
7.4
13.7
6.5
10.1d
8.5
6.1
78.3
28.8
12.6
11.3
9.5
6.6
6.3
10.5
4.5
39.1
10.6
6.0
7.5
9.8
10.4
2009
10.0
34.6
9.0
16.4
8.1
39.2
7.8
15.8
11.8
8.2
16.1d
11.1
12.4
37.2
13.0
17.6
12.6
11.2
12.1
10.2
12.3
6.6
37.0
18.5
10.9
15.2
15.9
11.1
2010
7.3
29.5
6.4
9.5
7.5
13.8
-6.7
14.0
5.7
7.5
11.8d
8.9
10.6
-2.2
0.3
16.0
6.9
9.2
7.6
9.0
11.3b
4.2
28.8
16.1
9.5
13.2
8.3
8.9
2011
5.3
17.7
3.4
3.6
5.7
-2.6
-15.4b
6.8p
-1.0
5.5
6.3d
5.3
9.4
-21.0
-7.8
8.8
4.3
11.0
4.8
5.8
4.2
-0.6
-0.5
8.3
6.1
9.4
5.6
7.1
2012
5.4
12.2p
3.8
-0.1
2.7
0.0
-11.8
-2.3p
-5.1
4.3
-1.6d
2.1
3.2
-6.9
-4.2
5.9
5.0
8.7
2.3
3.8
5.3
-6.3
-0.2b
0.6
0.8
6.0
4.0
3.2
2013
8.3
15.6p
4.2
1.5
5.9
9.1
-1.9
-10.0p
-4.1
4.6
-3.9d
2.9
-2.1
7.9
6.2
7.6
6.2
9.8
5.2
6.4
3.1
-3.4
-3.2
0.5
2.2
9.1
8.6
3.4
2014
5.5
18.0p
4.0
2.4
7.0
14.0
-3.7
-10.4p
-3.4
4.6
-6.4d
2.3
-7.6
16.1
8.7
4.2
5.9
3.4
4.2
7.8
2.9
-2.7
7.3
0.0
1.8
7.8
6.9
3.1
2015
1.5
14.9p
0.1
2.6
5.6
13.5
-19.5
-9.8p
0.5p
2.2p
-6.1d
1.6
-10.6
17.5
11.7
2.3
-0.2
0.1
-0.4p
6.2
0.3
0.5
0.3
-0.4
2.4
3.9
2.4
2.2
2016
-0.6
9.5p
2.9
3.4
5.2
13.4
-20.5
-3.3p
0.4p
1.4p
-5.9d
1.9
-6.2p
16.5
14.7
2.5
3.3
-0.1
-1.1p
5.8
2.1p
0.9p
6.0p
0.7
3.5
2.1
2.0
3.1
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
51
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1821737_0053.png
Table 3.9: Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100 (1 year % change)
The Nominal unit labour cost (NULC) index is defined as the ratio of labour cost to labour productivity, where labour cost is the ratio of Compensation of employees (current prices) to the number of Employees, and labour
productivity is the ratio of Gross domestic product (at market prices in millions, chain-linked volumes reference year 2010) to total Employment. Data on employees and employment are presented according to the domestic
concept used in National accounts. The MIP Scoreboard indicator is the percentage change over three years. Input data are obtained from the official national accounts' country data, through ESA2010 transmission programme.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
1.8
8.3
2.6
5.2
-0.6
16.8
4.9
2.6
4.1
1.6
3.3p
2.0
1.5
27.3
4.8
0.4
4.9
2.0
2.4
1.1
3.2
1.0
8.9
2.6
0.2
0.3
4.2
3.8
2008
4.7
12.8
3.6
5.7
2.3
16.7
7.5
5.3
5.7
2.9
5.1d
4.2
2.9
21.0
9.7
9.1
4.3
3.2
3.7
3.7
7.8
2.8
21.9
6.4
4.2
5.8
5.2
1.8
2009
3.2
10.2
2.6
4.7
6.3
2.2
-4.5
7.1
1.6
3.5
6.9d
4.6
7.7
-10.9
-1.7
7.4
2.9
5.6
5.5
5.1
0.9
2.7
3.2
8.5
6.3
8.5
5.7
5.1
2010
-0.7
4.3
0.1
-1.0
-1.2
-4.6
-9.1
1.0
-1.6
1.0
-0.6d
0.0
-0.2
-9.3
-7.0
-1.0
-0.3
0.2
-1.7
0.0
2.4b
-1.2
2.4
0.6
-1.1
-1.4
-2.6
1.8
2011
2.7
2.5
0.7
0.0
0.7
-0.2
-2.6b
-1.4p
-1.0
1.0
0.0d
0.7
1.8
-2.3
0.8
2.3
1.7
4.9
1.0
0.7
0.8
-2.0
-5.8
-0.8
1.0
2.3
2.6
0.1
2012
3.4
5.0p
3.0
0.9
3.2
5.0
-0.3
-2.0p
-2.6
2.3
-1.0d
1.4
1.6
5.0
2.2
4.6
3.6
3.5
3.0
3.1
2.0
-3.2
3.5b
0.8
1.0
5.2
4.1
1.3
2013
2.0
7.4p
0.5
0.6
1.9
4.1
1.1
-6.9p
-0.6
1.2
-2.9d
0.7
-5.3
5.2
3.2
0.5
0.8
1.2
1.1
2.5
0.2
1.8
-0.6
0.5
0.3
1.4
1.7
1.9
2014
0.0
4.6p
0.4
0.8
1.7
4.3
-4.4
-1.8p
-0.3
0.9
-2.6d
0.1
-4.0
5.1
3.2
-0.9
1.4
-1.2
0.1
2.0
0.6
-1.3
4.3
-1.2
0.5
1.1
1.0
-0.1
2015
-0.5
2.3p
-0.8
1.1
1.8
4.5
-16.6
-1.3p
1.4p
0.0p
-0.7d
0.7
-1.7
6.2
5.0
2.8
-2.4
0.2
-1.6p
1.6
-0.6
0.0
-3.3
0.4
1.6
1.3
-0.3
0.4
2016
-0.1
2.3p
3.3
1.4
1.6
4.0
-0.2
-0.2p
-0.7p
0.4p
-2.7d
1.0
-0.7p
4.3
5.9
0.7
4.4
0.9
0.4p
2.1
2.1p
2.2p
5.0p
1.6
1.4
-0.4
1.2
2.8
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
52
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1821737_0054.png
Table 3.10: House price index (2015=100), deflated (1 year % change)
The deflated house price index (HPI) or real house price index is the ratio between HPI and the national accounts deflator for private final consumption expenditure (households and non-profit institutions serving households
(NPISHs) ). The indicator measures inflation in the house market relative to inflation in the final consumption expenditure of households and NPISHs. Eurostat's HPI captures price changes of all residential properties purchased
by households (flats, detached houses, terraced houses, etc.), both new and existing, independently of their final use and their previous owners. Only market prices are considered, self-build dwellings are therefore excluded. The
land component is included. The MIP Scoreboard indicator is one year percentage change of the deflated HPI. The indicator is based on Price statistics and National accounts data.
2007
4.8
18.3p
16.0e
0.9
-3.7
12.2
4.8
2.1e
6.3
3.5b
8.9e
2.6e
8.0
22.0
19.3
4.7be
na
19.6
2.4
2.1e
na
-1.9e
na
18.7e
25.7
3.9p
10.9
7.8
2008
1.2
17.6p
7.7e
-7.8
-0.4
-16.6
-8.0
-2.5e
-4.8
-1.9
-2.6e
-0.5e
0.6
-10.9
-1.8
0.2
-3.1
7.1
0.0
-1.1e
na
0.9be
na
1.3
12.9
-2.4p
-2.0
-8.2
2009
-0.1
-21.0p
-4.7
-13.0
1.3
-37.0
-13.2
-4.6e
-5.8
-4.8
-8.0
-0.1e
-6.7
-34.9
-32.8
-0.6
-9.0
-6.2
-3.4
3.6e
-5.4e
1.0
-27.1e
-10.2
-12.7
-0.4p
0.8
-9.7
2010
1.4
-12.3p
-2.2
0.3
-0.8
2.1
-11.3p
-8.1e
-3.6
3.6
-7.7
-2.2be
-7.7p
-8.7
-8.6
4.2
-5.9
-1.1
-2.7
4.4be
-6.0e
-1.0
-13.9
-1.2
-4.9
4.8
6.4
4.0
2011
1.0
-8.7p
-1.7
-4.0
1.4
2.7
-17.8p
-7.5e
-9.8
4.0
-2.1
-2.1p
-4.5p
4.1
2.4
0.5
-6.9
-3.4
-4.0
2.9
-4.6
-6.4
-15.8
0.9
-5.2
0.0
0.8
-5.0
2012
0.3
-5.3p
-3.6
-4.9
1.9
3.2
-14.8p
-12.0e
-16.8
-1.9
-4.6
-5.4p
-5.3p
-0.4
-3.2
2.2
-9.2
0.7
-8.1
4.9
-6.6
-8.8
-9.2
-8.5
-6.0
-0.4
0.7
-1.7
2013
0.4
0.4p
-0.8
3.1
2.1
7.5
-0.5p
-9.2e
-10.0
-2.6
-5.8
-6.9p
-4.1p
6.5
0.2
3.3
-4.3
-1.6
-8.2
3.0
-4.8
-2.7
-2.8
-7.2
-0.4
-1.3
4.7
0.3
2014
-1.3
1.5p
1.8
2.9
2.2
13.0
15.1p
-5.0e
0.1
-1.7
-1.1
-4.6p
-1.3p
4.3
6.3
3.9
3.3
2.5
0.0
1.4
1.2
3.9
-3.2
-6.5
1.5
-1.6
8.3
6.0
2015
1.4p
1.6bp
3.8p
6.3
4.1
7.1
11.0p
-3.5e
3.7
-1.8
-2.4
-2.7p
0.3bp
-2.4
4.6
5.3
13.3
5.1
3.4
3.4
2.6
2.1
1.9
1.4
5.5
-0.3
12.1
5.3
2016
1.0p
7.1p
6.7p
4.2
5.4
3.8
6.6p
-2.0e
4.7
1.0
2.1
-0.8p
1.6
7.4
4.5
5.9
13.6
4.8p
4.4
7.2
2.5
6.1
6.5
3.6
7.0
-0.3
7.6
5.5
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) e = NSI estimates for BG, CZ, PL, RO, and SI; e = source NCB for EL, HR, IT, AT and PT; e = NSI&NCB estimates for LU.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
53
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1821737_0055.png
Table 3.11: Private sector credit flow, consolidated (% of GDP)
The private sector credit flow represents the net amount of liabilities in which the sectors Non-Financial corporations (S.11) and Households and Non-Profit institutions serving households (S.14_S.15) have incurred along the
year. The instruments taken into account are Debt securities (F.3) and Loans (F.4). Data are presented in consolidated terms, i.e. data do not take into account transactions within the same sector and expressed in % of GDP.
The indicator is based on National accounts data. Definitions regarding sectors and instruments are based on the ESA 2010 transmission programme.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
17.0
41.2
9.3
17.1
2.1
12.3
24.9
16.2
26.4
11.2
16.8
12.0
30.4
29.5
22.8
148.8
15.9
7.8
12.9
7.3
12.5
18.2
20.3
21.5
9.6
13.2
20.1
18.4
2008
16.5
33.3
9.3
18.8
0.5
10.5
22.0
15.5
11.7
9.8
16.1
6.6
29.8
9.1
10.3
-5.5
12.6
13.4
9.7
5.4
14.2
15.9
13.1
15.5
10.9
16.7
18.7
12.6
2009
8.9
4.7
0.5
-1.9
-0.9
-6.0
-4.5
2.2
-1.2
3.3
2.6
0.8
13.3
-8.6
-9.4
8.6
6.0
12.7
8.6
1.3
4.4
5.3
-1.7
2.9
3.0
0.8
5.9
-3.8
2010
1.4
3.7
2.6
-2.9
0.0
-7.6
2.2
5.5
0.9
4.6
4.9
5.0
15.1
2.5
-5.9
-23.6
-4.2
7.5
1.7
0.3
4.3
5.3
0.9
1.9
2.9
7.3
5.3
-0.6
2011
21.8
1.4
2.1
4.4
1.6
-1.1
16.3
-6.5p
-3.7
6.4
-2.3
3.1
13.0
-2.0
-2.2
20.0
-4.4
5.4
4.2
3.0
6.7
-0.9
2.8
0.4
3.0
3.6
6.9
1.7
2012
15.3
3.0
2.9
7.9
1.3
6.8
-0.6
-5.9p
-11.2
4.4
-3.0
-0.8
16.5
-2.1
0.3
24.7
-6.1
-0.7
2.0
1.2
4.8
-3.9
0.3
-2.9
3.4
7.4
2.4
1.8
2013
7.4
7.2
4.4
-3.1
2.0
3.5
-1.4
-6.4p
-10.3
2.1
-0.6
-3.0
-13.3
0.9
-1.3
27.3
-0.9
2.7
1.5
1.0
3.3
-1.6
-1.4
-4.0
5.2
2.8
4.5
6.9
2014
-1.9
-1.1
1.7
0.0
0.5
5.7
2.5
-2.7p
-7.0
3.3
0.1
-0.5
-0.3
-11.8
0.3
24.7
-0.1
3.9
-1.8
0.9
4.6
-5.0
-2.4
-4.7
5.1
1.5
4.8
6.8
2015
12.2
-0.3
0.3
-6.2
3.0
3.0
-3.1
-3.3p
-1.8p
4.9p
-1.4
-1.3
4.1
0.7
1.9
47.0
-2.6
2.8
-0.8p
2.3
3.5
-1.8
0.2
-5.0
7.7
6.9
7.5
3.5
2016
13.3
4.0
4.4
-10.4
3.8
5.9
-19.0
-1.7p
-1.0p
6.2p
-0.1e
0.6
10.2p
0.3
4.3
1.5
-3.6
11.1
1.5p
3.2
4.7
-2.2p
0.6p
-0.8
9.2
2.2
7.6
8.2
Flags:e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) LU: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series. 2) IE 2015: significant increases for IE due to re-domiciling of large multinational corporations and movement of large parts of their balance sheets. 3) IE 2016: The
decline for IE relative to 2015 predominantly reflects restructuring and re-domiciling activities of large multinational companies.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
54
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1821737_0056.png
Table 3.12: Private sector debt, consolidated (% of GDP)
The private sector debt is the stock of liabilities held by the sectors Non-Financial corporations (S.11) and Households and Non-Profit institutions serving households (S.14_S.15). The instruments taken into account are Debt
securities (F.3) and Loans (F.4). Data are presented in consolidated terms, i.e. do not taking into account transactions within the same sector and expressed in % of GDP. The indicator is based on National accounts data.
Definitions regarding sectors and instruments are based on the ESA 2010 transmission programme.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
134.5
123.4
57.4
208.5
110.9
123.0
198.1
101.5
191.2
115.6
101.3
109.7
265.5
102.6
74.7
309.6
93.7
146.7
214.9
123.9
54.4
185.0
57.8
96.3
60.4
123.6
167.9
183.8
2008
162.7
131.4
63.8
222.3
109.7
136.7
236.4
113.0
195.7
122.2
110.8
113.9
285.0
104.5
76.7
296.1
105.0
153.3
216.3
126.7
67.3
196.2
65.5
105.6
64.9
132.7
189.1
190.7
2009
168.9
133.8
65.9
232.2
113.0
153.2
256.1
116.5
201.4
130.5
119.1
122.5
306.0
125.4
83.3
326.5
116.4
168.1
228.8
131.9
67.1
204.2
71.9
113.5
69.2
142.8
201.5
192.0
2010
164.4
132.5
67.9
220.6
106.7
140.4
257.2
128.1
200.3
131.8
125.3
123.3
315.6
134.0
74.5
277.9
114.9
162.4
225.8
132.3
69.7
201.5
73.9
115.1
67.4
148.9
189.1
185.1
2011
177.0
124.2
68.3
221.0
102.5
120.4
272.7
130.2p
196.2
135.3
122.8
122.7
321.6
115.3
64.7
277.0
114.4
159.8
225.0
129.4
73.9
204.1
72.9
113.0
70.2
145.4
190.8
179.6
2012
185.5
125.0
70.7
224.0
101.8
117.8
279.1
131.5p
187.8
138.5
120.0
125.1
328.1
97.9
61.1
295.5
101.6
153.3
225.9
128.2
73.4
210.3
71.9
112.3
77.9
148.6
192.3
179.6
2013
165.4
131.9
73.7
216.1
102.9
115.9
267.1
129.1p
176.9
137.7
117.9
121.6
340.1
92.4
56.3
305.0
95.1
143.9
223.4
127.1
75.4
202.4
66.6
107.2
82.9
147.7
194.5
173.7
2014
166.0
123.6
71.5
214.7
99.4
118.0
279.4
128.0p
165.5
141.9
118.1
119.0
352.5
96.0
53.9
313.0
91.2
135.9
225.7
124.9
78.1
190.8
62.1
97.4
87.8
149.6
193.9
166.8
2015
178.9
110.5
68.1
207.6
98.7
115.2
306.5
126.1p
154.6p
143.7p
113.2
115.3
353.5
88.8
54.7
348.6
84.3
125.8
225.1
123.9
78.9
179.7
59.1
86.9
88.1
152.9
188.4
164.7
2016
190.1
104.9
68.7
210.7
99.3
115.4
278.1
124.7p
146.7p
146.9p
106.1e
113.6
344.6p
88.3
56.2
343.6
77.0
128.4
221.5p
124.0
81.6
171.4p
55.8p
80.5
94.7
149.3
188.5
168.1
Flags:e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) LU: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014. 2) IE 2015: significant increases for IE due to re-domiciling of large
multinational corporations and movement of large parts of their balance sheets. 3) IE 2016: The decline for IE relative to 2015 predominantly reflects restructuring and re-domiciling activities of large multinational companies.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
55
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1821737_0057.png
Table 3.13: General government gross debt (% of GDP)
Debt means total gross debt at nominal value outstanding at the end of the year and consolidated between and within the general government (as defined in the current Protocol 12, annexed to the 2012 consolidated version of
the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union). This definition is supplemented by Council Regulation (EC) No 479/2009, as amended by the Commission Regulation (EU) No 220/2014. The stock of government debt in
the Excessive Deficit Procedure (EDP debt) is equal to the sum of liabilities, at the end of year, of all units classified within the general government (S.13) in the instruments: currency and deposits (F.2), debt securities (F.3) and
loans (F.4). The MIP indicator is expressed in % of GDP. Data source from Government finance statistics.
2007
87.0
16.3
27.5
27.3
63.7
3.7
23.9
103.1
35.6
64.3
37.7
99.8
53.5
8.0
15.9
7.7
65.0
62.3
42.7
64.7
44.2
68.4
12.7
22.8
30.1
34.0
39.3
41.9
2008
92.5
13.0
28.3
33.3
65.1
4.5
42.4
109.4
39.5
68.0
39.6
102.4
45.1
18.2
14.6
14.9
71.0
62.6
54.7
68.4
46.3
71.7
13.2
21.8
28.5
32.7
37.8
49.9
2009
99.5
13.7
33.6
40.2
72.6
7.0
61.5
126.7
52.8
78.9
49.0
112.5
53.8
35.8
28.0
15.7
77.2
67.6
56.8
79.6
49.4
83.6
23.2
34.6
36.3
41.7
41.4
64.1
2010
99.7
15.3
37.4
42.6
80.9
6.6
86.1
146.2
60.1
81.6
58.2
115.4
56.3
46.8
36.2
19.8
79.7
67.5
59.3
82.4
53.1
96.2
30.2
38.4
41.2
47.1
38.6
75.6
2011
102.6
15.2
39.8
46.1
78.6
6.1
110.3
172.1
69.5
85.2
65.0
116.5
65.7
42.7
37.2
18.7
79.9
70.1
61.6
82.2
54.1
111.4
34.4
46.6
43.7
48.5
37.9
81.3
2012
104.3
16.7
44.5
44.9
79.8
9.7
119.6
159.6
85.7
89.6
70.6
123.4
79.7
41.2
39.8
22.0
77.6
67.8
66.3
81.7
53.7
126.2
37.3
53.8
52.2
53.9
38.1
84.5
2013
105.5
17.0
44.9
44.0
77.4
10.2
119.4
177.4
95.5
92.4
81.7
129.0
102.6
39.0
38.8
23.7
76.0
68.4
67.8
81.0
55.7
129.0
37.8
70.4
54.7
56.5
40.8
85.6
2014
106.8
27.0
42.2
44.0
74.6
10.7
104.5
179.0
100.4
95.0
85.8
131.8
107.5
40.9
40.5
22.7
75.2
63.8
68.0
83.8
50.2
130.6
39.4
80.3
53.5
60.2
45.5
87.4
2015
106.0
26.0
40.0
39.5
70.9
10.0
76.9
176.8
99.4
95.8
85.4
131.5
107.5
36.9
42.6
22.0
74.7
60.3
64.6
84.3
51.1
128.8
37.9
82.6
52.3
63.6
44.2
88.2
2016
105.7
29.0
36.8
37.7
68.1
9.4
72.8
180.8
99.0
96.5
82.9
132.0
107.1
40.6
40.1
20.8
73.9
57.6
61.8
83.6
54.1
130.1
37.6
78.5
51.8
63.1
42.2
88.3
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
56
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1821737_0058.png
Table 3.14: Unemployment rate (3 year average)
The unemployment rate is the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the labour force, based on International Labour Office (ILO) definition. Unemployed persons comprise persons aged 15 to 74 who fulfil all the
three following conditions: were not employed during the reference week; are available to start work within the next two weeks following the reference week and have been actively seeking work in the past four weeks preceeding
the reference week or have already found a job to start within the next three months. The MIP Scoreboard indicator is the three-year backward moving average. The data source is the quarterly EU Labour Force Survey (EU
LFS). The survey covers the resident population in private households.
2007
8.1
8.7
6.8
4.2i
9.9i
6.2
4.5
9.1
8.6
8.6
11.5i
6.9
4.6
7.7
6.1
4.5i
7.4
6.7
5.0
5.3
13.8
8.9
6.9
5.8
13.7
7.7
7.0
5.2
2008
7.6
7.2
5.6
3.7i
8.7
5.3i
5.2
8.4
9.3
8.1
10.0i
6.5
4.1
6.9
5.3
4.6i
7.6i
6.4
4.3
4.8
10.2
8.9
6.4
5.1
11.4
7.0
6.5
5.4
2009
7.5
6.4
5.5
4.4
7.8
7.9i
7.7
8.6
12.5
8.2
9.3
6.8
4.3
10.4
8.0
4.7
8.4i
6.5
4.1
4.8
8.3i
9.5
6.2
5.1
11.0
7.2
6.9
6.2
2010
7.7
7.6i
6.1
5.6
7.3
11.9i
10.8
10.0
16.4
8.6
9.9
7.6
5.1
14.9
12.5
4.9
9.7i
6.6
4.4
4.7
8.3i
10.5
6.4
5.9
12.1
7.7
7.7
7.0
2011
7.8
9.5i
6.9
7.0
6.8
14.2
13.5
13.4
19.7
9.2
11.6
8.2
6.5
17.7
15.7
4.8
10.7
6.7
4.8
4.9
9.2i
11.9
6.9
7.1
13.4i
8.1
8.2
7.8
2012
7.7
11.3i
7.0
7.5
6.1
13.0
14.4
18.4
22.0
9.4
13.8
9.2
8.7
16.9
15.5
4.8
11.1
6.5
5.3
4.8
9.8
13.6
7.0
8.1
14.1i
8.0
8.1
7.9
2013
7.7
12.2
6.9
7.4
5.5
10.3
14.2
23.3
24.1
9.8
15.6
10.4
11.9
14.4
13.5
5.3
10.7
6.4
6.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
7.0
9.1
14.0i
7.9
7.9
7.8
2014
8.2
12.2
6.7
7.0
5.2
8.7
13.0
26.2
25.1
10.1
16.8
11.8
14.6
12.6
12.0
5.7
9.6
6.2
6.8
5.3
9.8
15.4
6.9
9.6
13.8
8.2
8.0
7.2
2015
8.5
11.2
6.1
6.6
4.9
7.4
11.3
26.3
24.2
10.3
16.9
12.2
15.7
10.9
10.5
6.1
8.2
5.9
7.2
5.6
8.9
14.4
6.9
9.6
13.0
8.8
7.8
6.3
2016
8.3
9.4
5.1
6.3
4.6
6.8
9.5
25.0
22.1
10.3
15.6
12.1
14.7
10.1
9.2
6.3
6.5
5.3
6.8
5.8
7.6
12.6
6.5
8.9
11.5
9.0
7.4
5.4
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
1) i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
57
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1821737_0059.png
Table 3.15: Unemployment rate (%)
The unemployment rate is the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the labour force, based on International Labour Office (ILOThe unemployment rate is the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the
labour force, based on International Labour Office (ILO) definition. Unemployed persons comprise persons aged 15 to 74 who fulfil all the three following conditions: were not employed during the reference week; are available to
start work within the next two weeks following the reference week and have been actively seeking work in the past four weeks preceeding the reference week or have already found a job to start within the next three months. The
MIP Scoreboard indicator is the three-year backward moving average. The data source is the quarterly EU Labour Force Survey (EU LFS). The survey covers the resident population in private households.
2007
7.5
6.9
5.3
3.8
8.5
4.6
4.7
8.4
8.2
8.0
9.9
6.1
3.9
6.1
4.3
4.2
7.4
6.5
4.2
4.9
9.6
9.1
6.4
4.9
11.2
6.9
6.1
5.3
2008
7.0
5.6
4.4
3.4
7.4
5.5i
6.4
7.8
11.3
7.4
8.6
6.7
3.7
7.7
5.8
4.9
7.8i
6.0
3.7
4.1
7.1
8.8
5.6
4.4
9.6
6.4
6.2
5.6
2009
7.9
6.8
6.7
6.0
7.6
13.5
12.0
9.6
17.9
9.1
9.3
7.7
5.4
17.5
13.8
5.1
10.0
6.9
4.4
5.3
8.1i
10.7
6.5
5.9
12.1
8.2
8.3
7.6
2010
8.3
10.3i
7.3
7.5
7.0
16.7
13.9
12.7
19.9
9.3
11.8
8.4
6.3
19.5
17.8
4.6
11.2
6.9
5.0
4.8
9.7
12.0
7.0
7.3
14.5
8.4
8.6
7.8
2011
7.2
11.3
6.7
7.6
5.8
12.3
14.7
17.9
21.4
9.2
13.7
8.4
7.9
16.2
15.4
4.8
11.0
6.4
5.0
4.6
9.7
12.9
7.2
8.2
13.7i
7.8
7.8
8.1
2012
7.6
12.3
7.0
7.5
5.4
10.0
14.7
24.5
24.8
9.8
15.8
10.7
11.9
15.0
13.4
5.1
11.0
6.3
5.8
4.9
10.1
15.8
6.8
8.9
14.0
7.7
8.0
7.9
2013
8.4
13.0
7.0
7.0
5.2
8.6
13.1
27.5
26.1
10.3
17.4
12.1
15.9
11.9
11.8
5.9
10.2
6.4
7.3
5.4
10.3
16.4
7.1
10.1
14.2
8.2
8.0
7.5
2014
8.5
11.4
6.1
6.6
5.0
7.4
11.3
26.5
24.5
10.3
17.2
12.7
16.1
10.8
10.7
6.0
7.7
5.8
7.4
5.6
9.0
14.1
6.8
9.7
13.2
8.7
7.9
6.1
2015
8.5
9.2
5.1
6.2
4.6
6.2
9.4
24.9
22.1
10.4
16.1
11.9
15.0
9.9
9.1
6.5
6.8
5.4
6.9
5.7
7.5
12.6
6.8
9.0
11.5
9.4
7.4
5.3
2016
7.8
7.6
4.0
6.2
4.1
6.8
7.9
23.6
19.6
10.1
13.4
11.7
13.0
9.6
7.9
6.3
5.1
4.7
6.0
6.0
6.2
11.2
5.9
8.0
9.7
8.8
6.9
4.8
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
1) i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
58
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0060.png
Table 3.16: Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated (1 year % change)
The total financial corporations sector liabilities measures the evolution of the sum of all liabilities (which includes Currency and deposits (F.2), Debt securities (F.3), Loans (F.4), Equity and investment fund shares (F.5),
Insurance, pensions and standardised guarantees (F.6), Financial derivatives and employee stock options (F.7) and Other accounts payable (F.8)) of the financial corporations sector (S.12). Data are presented in non-
consolidated terms, i.e. data take into account transactions within the same sector and expressed as one year percentage change. The indicator is based on National accounts data. Definitions regarding sectors and
instruments are based on the ESA 2010 transmission programme.
2007
14.7
29.3
15.5
10.2
8.2
27.9
9.6
22.2
16.8
12.6
23.6
0.6
27.2
36.7
34.6
13.7
23.7
44.0
14.9
11.0
18.4
10.2
35.3
28.6
25.7
10.2
9.5
16.8
2008
-4.4
-0.8
6.0
0.0
4.6
4.3
6.5
4.4
3.8
1.9
-8.2
-0.8
115.7
9.0
4.2
-6.4
26.1
13.2
3.8
10.9
6.8
4.4
14.0
6.6
10.5
16.8
12.0
46.9
2009
0.8
1.3
2.5
5.6
-6.3
-7.8
3.4
10.1
3.8
0.1
5.0
5.0
11.7
-9.2
-4.7
6.3
1.9
4.3
8.2
-2.0
9.0
8.9
16.0
7.7
-4.7
7.8
3.5
-17.0
2010
-1.4
-5.4
3.2
9.7
-1.1
-8.9
6.3
8.3
-1.8
3.3
3.1
4.2
8.4
-0.3
0.3
11.6
-0.3
12.4
5.9
-1.9
13.6
11.5
5.0
-3.4
1.6
19.8
2.7
7.3
2011
5.4
5.4
4.3
1.6
2.9
-0.6
-2.2
-3.7
3.0
6.7
2.6
5.0
-6.1
-4.1
2.5
11.0
6.3
11.0
9.0
1.5
4.8
-4.5
4.6
-1.2
0.3
28.7
3.0
10.4
2012
-5.2
10.2
5.2
2.5
3.3
10.4
-1.8
-2.6
2.9
1.2
1.0
7.3
6.3
5.2
-1.0
13.2
-5.8
6.1
5.0
0.4
10.7
-3.0
4.4
-0.7
0.7
-1.1
5.4
-3.6
2013
0.9
4.3
11.4
1.8
-6.2
10.4
0.3
-17.2
-10.9
0.4
3.2
-2.6
-15.3
5.2
-1.4
10.4
-1.2
1.6
-1.1
-3.2
7.4
-5.4
0.8
-10.3
1.7
-11.7
9.0
-7.7
2014
2.7
5.6
5.2
7.3
4.5
13.1
19.5
-8.4
-0.4
5.3
0.2
0.5
-3.7
10.4
16.2
33.1
8.6
6.4
7.7
-0.8
0.7
-7.5
1.3
-0.2
8.7
8.9
13.0
4.7
2015
2.7
6.2
8.1
-1.0
2.9
8.7
9.7
15.6
-1.3
1.7
2.1
1.5
11.1
12.2
7.0
12.2
0.6
1.3
3.6
-0.1
2.4
-1.8
4.0
-3.7
10.8
1.2
2.4
-8.8
2016
1.2
11.1
14.5
3.3
5.2
7.2
2.5
-16.6
0.9
4.3
2.5
3.2
0.7
5.8
16.3
7.5
19.5
1.7
5.3p
-2.4
8.9
-0.2
7.6
3.2
8.5
4.5
9.0
11.6
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
Flags:p:Provisional.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
59
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0061.png
Table 3.17: Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated (Millions NC)
The total financial corporations sector liabilities measures the evolution of the sum of all liabilities (which includes Currency and deposits (F.2), Debt securities (F.3), Loans (F.4), Equity and investment fund shares (F.5),
Insurance, pensions and standardised guarantees (F.6), Financial derivatives and employee stock options (F.7) and Other accounts payable (F.8)) of the financial corporations sector (S.12). Data are presented in non-
consolidated terms, i.e. data take into account transactions within the same sector and expressed as one year percentage change. The indicator is based on National accounts data. Definitions regarding sectors and
instruments are based on the ESA 2010 transmission programme.
2007
2298754.4
124696.0
5810385.0
12241227.0
13005662.0
32164.4
3154780.0
526269.2
4558453.0
10865095.0
615724.3
4808702.0
131103.8
40065.0
35974.0
5877167.4
71315302.0
141806.5
6621557.0
1420781.1
1625229.0
783594.3
418491.8
68240.0
87819.9
448537.0
14309023.0
16077778.0
2008
2197522.4
123667.0
6157737.0
12236022.0
13603537.0
33535.3
3360222.0
549382.9
4733935.0
11076239.0
565166.5
4769724.0
282814.7
43669.8
37467.4
5503848.8
89933298.0
160550.1
6872447.0
1575738.2
1735191.0
818444.7
476992.4
72748.0
97052.4
523685.0
16028473.0
23612700.0
2009
2214777.2
125274.0
6312649.0
12924706.0
12740354.0
30912.7
3473127.0
604986.2
4916111.0
11083215.0
593498.5
5009935.0
315835.5
39659.1
35706.1
5851725.1
91641423.0
167530.7
7435258.0
1543904.0
1890638.0
891105.7
553326.4
78338.0
92500.3
564326.0
16582889.0
19606560.0
2010
2184691.4
118468.0
6516094.0
14179420.0
12604991.0
28154.9
3691722.0
655455.2
4827731.0
11444469.0
611930.5
5219483.0
342418.9
39536.4
35811.9
6528639.5
91374263.0
188323.8
7871665.0
1514665.3
2148278.0
993723.8
581084.6
75678.0
93992.1
676198.0
17027970.0
21032020.0
2011
2301818.4
124924.0
6794617.0
14409675.0
12968900.0
27980.0
3608777.0
630921.1
4972402.0
12206701.0
627679.6
5477937.0
321505.5
37903.6
36710.4
7246047.1
97091429.0
209016.7
8581600.0
1537010.7
2251923.0
948903.5
607584.9
74747.0
94316.6
870299.0
17537292.0
23209716.0
2012
2181655.5
137672.0
7147743.0
14775965.0
13398237.0
30896.6
3542735.0
614267.9
5114934.0
12354924.0
634188.0
5876568.0
341873.5
39875.6
36331.2
8202279.7
91464660.0
221698.2
9012779.0
1543115.1
2492477.0
920876.4
634292.4
74212.0
95021.6
860854.0
18484759.0
22376548.0
2013
2202190.2
143539.0
7963007.0
15040150.0
12561910.0
34121.1
3551994.0
508495.4
4556067.0
12403107.0
654639.9
5724475.0
289615.6
41956.1
35826.0
9059069.6
90397402.0
225137.3
8913693.0
1493546.2
2676756.0
871566.7
639179.4
66581.0
96677.4
760072.0
20141202.0
20652700.0
2014
2261049.3
151616.0
8374718.0
16139464.0
13124653.0
38585.6
4245295.0
465616.4
4535719.0
13065655.0
656163.2
5751142.0
278975.1
46314.6
41612.9
12061465.9
98150836.0
239533.7
9600551.0
1481804.0
2694340.0
805840.8
647200.1
66457.0
105042.2
827466.0
22765829.0
21623312.0
2015
2321352.7
161054.0
9052648.0
15977498.0
13507364.0
41947.1
4657858.0
538234.7
4477709.0
13294195.0
669747.2
5836498.0
309973.1
51959.0
44511.0
13527222.6
98776758.0
242723.5
9946847.0
1480246.7
2759900.0
791078.0
673322.5
64008.0
116429.4
837688.0
23316479.0
19725584.0
2016
2349644.4
178940.0
10369131.0
16500798.0
14203020.0
44961.7
4773784.0
448883.7
4516181.0
13863803.0
686431.1
6021199.0
312204.8
54982.0
51778.1
14546505.7
118062947.0
246913.8
10471161.0p
1444566.4
3006213.0
789158.4
724796.1
66072.0
126278.2
875365.0
25422314.0
22010520.0
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
Flags:p:Provisional.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
60
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1821737_0062.png
Table 3.18: Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64 (3 year change in p.p.)
The activity rate is the percentage of economically active population aged 15-64 on the total population of the same age. According to the definitions of the International Labour Organisation (ILO) for the purposes of the labour
market statistics people are classified as employed, unemployed and economically inactive. The economically active population (also called labour force) is the sum of employed and unemployed persons. Inactive persons are
those who, during the reference week, were neither employed nor unemployed. The MIP Scoreboard indicator is the three year change in percentage points. The data source is the quarterly EU Labour Force Survey (EU LFS).
The survey covers the resident population in private households.
2007
1.2
4.5
-0.1
0.0
3.0e
2.7
3.1b
0.3b
2.9
0.0
2.2e
-0.4b
1.3e
3.3
-1.3
1.1b
1.1
0.6
1.9
3.1b
-0.8b
1.2
0.0
1.5
-1.4
1.4
1.9
0.2b
2008
0.4
5.7
-0.7
0.9
2.1b
3.5
1.3
0.3
2.7b
0.2
2.5e
0.4
1.2
5.1
-0.3
0.2
-0.1
1.5b
2.4
2.5
-0.6
0.7
0.6
1.1
-0.1
1.3
1.1b
0.4b
2009
0.4
2.7
-0.2
-0.4
1.4
1.2
-1.3b
0.7b
2.0
0.6
2.6e
-0.3
0.0b
2.5
2.0
2.0b
-0.8
1.5
2.3
1.9
1.3
-0.2
-0.5
0.9
-0.2
-0.2
0.1
0.0
2010
0.6
0.4b
0.3
-0.7
1.1b
0.7
-3.2b
1.3
1.7
0.5
-0.6
-0.4
-0.3
0.4
2.3
1.3b
0.3
1.6
-0.3b
0.9b
2.1b
-0.2
1.9b
0.2
0.4
-1.1
0.0
-0.1b
2011
-0.4
-1.9b
0.8b
-1.4
1.4b
0.5
-2.9
0.6
1.2
0.3
-1.7
-0.8
-0.1
-1.4
3.0
1.1
1.2
2.7
-1.2b
0.7
1.9
-0.3b
1.2
-1.5
-0.1b
-1.1
0.6
-0.3b
2012
0.0
-0.1
1.5
-1.6
0.9
0.8
-1.4b
0.1b
1.2
0.5
-1.7
1.2
0.5b
0.9
2.2
0.7b
2.5
3.7
-0.7
0.8
1.8
0.0
1.7
-1.4
1.0
0.2
1.4
0.4
2013
-0.2
1.7b
2.7
-1.3
0.9b
1.2
0.4
-0.3
0.8
0.9
-1.4
1.4
0.0
1.0
2.2
1.7
2.8
4.6
1.2b
1.1
1.7b
-0.7
0.0b
-1.0
1.2
0.7
2.0
1.0
2014
1.0
3.1b
3.0b
-1.2
0.4b
0.5
0.6
0.1
0.3
1.4
2.0
1.8
0.8
1.8
2.3
2.9
4.6
4.5
0.9b
0.8
2.2
-0.4b
1.6
0.6
1.6b
0.5
1.6
1.2
2015
0.7
2.2
2.4
-0.1
0.4
1.9
0.8
0.3
0.0
1.0
3.0
0.5
0.4
1.3
2.3
1.5b
4.9
4.5
0.6
0.4
1.6
0.0
1.3
1.4
1.5
0.6
1.4
0.8
2016
0.1
0.3
2.1
1.9b
0.3
2.4
0.7
0.7
-0.1
0.7
1.9
1.5
-0.2
2.3
3.1
0.1
5.4
4.1
0.3
0.7
1.8
0.7
0.7
1.1
2.0
0.7
1.0
0.9
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
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1821737_0063.png
Table 3.19: Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
The activity rate is the percentage of economically active population aged 15-64 on the total population of the same age. According to the definitions of the International Labour Organisation (ILO) for the purposes of the labour
market statistics people are classified as employed, unemployed and economically inactive. The economically active population (also called labour force) is the sum of employed and unemployed persons. Inactive persons are
those who, during the reference week, were neither employed nor unemployed. The data source is the quarterly EU Labour Force Survey (EU LFS). The survey covers the resident population in private households.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
Flags:b:Break in series.
2007
67.1
66.3
69.9
80.1
75.6
73.2
72.6b
66.5
71.8
69.3
65.7
62.4
73.9
72.6
67.9
66.9b
61.6
58.8
78.5
73.5b
63.2
73.9
63.0
71.3
68.3
75.6
79.1
75.5b
2008
67.1
67.8
69.7
80.7
75.9
74.2
72.1
66.7
72.7
69.4
65.8
62.9
73.6
74.2
68.4
66.8
61.2
59.1
79.3
73.9
63.8
73.9
62.9
71.8
68.8
76.0
79.3
75.8b
2009
66.9
67.2
70.1
80.2
76.3
74.0
70.6b
67.4b
73.1
69.8
65.6
62.3
73.0b
73.5
69.6
68.7b
61.2
59.4
79.7
74.3
64.7
73.4
63.1
71.8
68.4
75.0
78.9
75.7
2010
67.7
66.7b
70.2
79.4
76.7b
73.9
69.4
67.8
73.5
69.8
65.1
62.0
73.6
73.0
70.2
68.2
61.9
60.4
78.2b
74.4
65.3b
73.7
64.9b
71.5
68.7
74.5
79.1
75.4
2011
66.7
65.9b
70.5b
79.3
77.3b
74.7
69.2
67.3
73.9
69.7
64.1
62.1
73.5
72.8
71.4
67.9
62.4
61.8
78.1b
74.6
65.7
73.6b
64.1
70.3
68.7b
74.9
79.9
75.5
2012
66.9
67.1
71.6
78.6
77.2
74.8
69.2
67.5
74.3
70.3
63.9
63.5
73.5
74.4
71.8
69.4
63.7
63.1
79.0
75.1
66.5
73.4
64.8
70.4
69.4
75.2
80.3
76.1
2013
67.5
68.4
72.9
78.1
77.6
75.1
69.8
67.5
74.3
70.7
63.7
63.4
73.6
74.0
72.4
69.9
64.7
65.0
79.4
75.5
67.0
73.0
64.9
70.5
69.9
75.2
81.1
76.4
2014
67.7
69.0
73.5
78.1
77.7
75.2
69.8
67.4
74.2
71.1
66.1
63.9
74.3
74.6
73.7
70.8
67.0
66.3
79.0
75.4
67.9
73.2
65.7
70.9
70.3
75.4
81.5
76.7
2015
67.6
69.3
74.0
78.5
77.6
76.7
70.0
67.8
74.3
71.3
66.9
64.0
73.9
75.7
74.1
70.9b
68.6
67.6
79.6
75.5
68.1
73.4
66.1
71.8
70.9
75.8
81.7
76.9
2016
67.6
68.7
75.0
80.0b
77.9
77.5
70.5
68.2
74.2
71.4
65.6
64.9
73.4
76.3
75.5
70.0
70.1
69.1
79.7
76.2
68.8
73.7
65.6
71.6
71.9
75.9
82.1
77.3
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
62
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1821737_0064.png
Table 3.20: Long-term unemployment rate - % of active population aged 15-74 (3 year change in p.p.)
The long-term unemployment rate is the number of persons unemployed for 12 months or longer as a percentage of the labour force (i.e. economically active population). The unemployment rate is the number of unemployed
persons as a percentage of the labour force (the total number of people employed and unemployed) based on International Labour Office (ILO) definition. Unemployed persons comprise persons aged 15 to 74 who fulfil all the
three following conditions: were not employed during the reference week; are available to start work within the next two weeks following the reference week and have been actively seeking work in the past four weeks preceeding
the reference week or have already found a job to start within the next three months. The MIP Scoreboard indicator is the three year change in percentage points. The data source is the quarterly EU Labour Force Survey (EU
LFS). The survey covers the resident population in private households.
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
BE
-0.3
-1.1
-0.7
0.2
0.2
-0.1
-0.1
0.8
1.0
0.1
BG
-3.1
-3.1
-2.0
0.6b
3.4b
3.8
2.7
0.6
-1.2
-2.9
CZ
-1.4
-2.0
-1.9
0.2
0.5b
1.0
0.0
0.0
-0.6
-1.3
DK
-0.6
-0.6
-0.2
0.9
1.3
1.5
0.3
-0.1
-0.4
-0.4b
DE
-0.6
-2.0
-2.2
-1.6b
-1.1b
-1.1
-1.0
-0.6
-0.4
-0.6
EE
-2.9
-2.7
0.8
5.3
5.4
1.8
-3.8
-3.8
-3.1
-1.7
IE
-0.2b
0.3
2.1b
5.4
6.9
5.5
1.0
-2.0
-3.7
-3.6
EL
-1.4
-1.5
-1.0b
1.5
5.1
10.6
12.8
10.7
3.7
-1.5
ES
-1.8
-0.2
2.5
5.6
6.9
6.7
5.7
4.0
0.4
-3.5
FR
-0.4e
-0.8e
-0.5e
0.6e
1.1e
0.8e
0.5e
0.5
0.5
0.2
HR
-1.3
-1.7
-1.3
0.6
3.1
5.1
4.4
1.7
0.0
-4.4
IT
-0.9
-0.7
0.1
1.1
1.3
2.2
2.9
3.4
1.3
-0.2
CY
-0.6
-0.8
-0.3b
0.6
1.1
3.0
4.8
6.1
3.2
-0.3
LV
-3.4
-2.6
2.1
7.2
6.9
3.3
-3.1
-4.2
-3.3
-1.7
LT
-4.2u
-3.1u
0.7
6.0
6.7
3.3
-2.3
-3.2
-2.7
-2.1
LU
0.1b
0.4
-0.2b
0.1
-0.2
0.4
0.5
0.2
0.3b
0.4
HU
0.8
0.4
0.8
2.0
1.6
0.8
-0.6
-1.5
-1.9
-2.5
MT
-0.7
-0.8
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.2
-0.2
-0.3
-0.7
-1.0
NL
-0.3
-1.0
-0.9
0.0b
0.7b
1.1
1.3
1.3
1.1
0.0
AT
-0.2b
-0.4
-0.3
-0.1
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.6
PL
-5.4
-7.9
-5.3
-1.9b
1.2
1.6
1.4
0.2
-1.1
-2.2
PT
0.8
-0.1
0.3
1.9
2.6b
3.5
3.6
2.2
-0.5
-3.1
RO
-1.6
-1.6
-1.9
-0.8b
0.5
0.8
0.8
-0.1
0.0
-0.2
SI
-1.1
-1.2
-1.1
1.0
1.7
2.5
2.0
1.7
0.4
-0.9
SK
-3.5
-5.1
-3.7
0.9
2.6b
2.9
0.8
0.1
-1.8
-4.2
FI
-0.6
-0.9
-0.5
0.5
0.5
0.2
-0.3
0.2
0.7
0.6
SE
-0.5
-0.3
0.1
0.8
0.7
0.4
-0.2
-0.1
0.0
-0.1
UK
0.3
0.4
0.7
1.2
1.3
0.8
0.2
-0.5
-1.1
-1.4
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. u:Low reliability.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
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1821737_0065.png
Table 3.21: Long-term unemployment rate - % of active population aged 15-74
The long-term unemployment rate is the number of persons unemployed for 12 months or longer as a percentage of the labour force (i.e. economically active population). Unemployed persons comprise persons aged 15 to 74
who fulfil all the three following conditions: were not employed during the reference week; are available to start work within the next two weeks following the reference week and have been actively seeking work in the past four
weeks preceeding the reference week or have already found a job to start within the next three months. The data source is the quarterly EU Labour Force Survey (EU LFS). The survey covers the resident population in private
households.
2007
3.8
4.1
2.8
0.6
4.9
2.3
1.4b
4.2
1.7
3.3e
6.0
2.9
0.7
1.6
1.4u
1.2b
3.5
2.7
1.2
1.3b
4.9
3.8
3.2
2.2
8.3
1.5
0.8
1.3
2008
3.3
2.9
2.2
0.5
3.9
1.7
1.7
3.7
2.0
2.9e
5.3
3.0
0.5
1.9
1.3u
1.6
3.6
2.6
0.9
1.0
2.4
3.6
2.4
1.9
6.6
1.2
0.8
1.4
2009
3.5
3.0
2.0
0.6
3.5
3.7
3.5b
3.9b
4.3
3.3e
5.1
3.4
0.6b
4.5
3.3
1.2b
4.2
2.9
0.8
1.2
2.5
4.2
2.2
1.8
6.5
1.4
1.1
1.9
2010
4.0
4.7b
3.0
1.5
3.3b
7.6
6.8
5.7
7.3
3.9e
6.6
4.0
1.3
8.8
7.4
1.3
5.5
3.1
1.2b
1.2
3.0b
5.7
2.4b
3.2
9.2
2.0
1.6
2.5
2011
3.5
6.3b
2.7b
1.8
2.8b
7.1
8.6
8.8
8.9
4.0e
8.4
4.3
1.6
8.8
8.0
1.4
5.2
3.0
1.6b
1.2
3.6
6.2b
2.9
3.6
9.2b
1.7
1.5
2.7
2012
3.4
6.8
3.0
2.1
2.4
5.5
9.0
14.5
11.0
4.1e
10.2
5.6
3.6
7.8
6.6
1.6
5.0
3.1
1.9
1.2
4.1
7.7
3.0
4.3
9.4
1.6
1.5
2.7
2013
3.9
7.4
3.0
1.8
2.3
3.8
7.8
18.5
13.0
4.4e
11.0
6.9
6.1
5.7
5.1
1.8
4.9
2.9
2.5
1.3
4.4
9.3
3.2
5.2
10.0
1.7
1.4
2.7
2014
4.3
6.9
2.7
1.7
2.2
3.3
6.6
19.5
12.9
4.5
10.1
7.7
7.7
4.6
4.8
1.6
3.7
2.7
2.9
1.5
3.8
8.4
2.8
5.3
9.3
1.9
1.4
2.2
2015
4.4
5.6
2.4
1.7
2.0
2.4
5.3
18.2
11.4
4.6
10.2
6.9
6.8
4.5
3.9
1.9b
3.1
2.4
3.0
1.7
3.0
7.2
3.0
4.7
7.6
2.3
1.5
1.6
2016
4.0
4.5
1.7
1.4b
1.7
2.1
4.2
17.0
9.5
4.6
6.6
6.7
5.8
4.0
3.0
2.2
2.4
1.9
2.5
1.9
2.2
6.2
3.0
4.3
5.8
2.3
1.3
1.3
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. u:Low reliability.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
64
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1821737_0066.png
Table 3.22: Youth unemployment rate - % of active population aged 15-24 (3 year change in p.p.)
The youth unemployment rate is the unemployment rate of people aged 15 - 24 as a percentage of the labour force of the same age. The unemployment rate is the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the
economically active population (the total number of people employed and unemployed = labour force) based on International Labour Office (ILO) definition. Unemployed persons comprise persons aged 15 to 74 who fulfil all the
three following conditions: were not employed during the reference week; are available to start work within the next two weeks following the reference week and have been actively seeking work in the past four weeks preceeding
the reference week or have already found a job to start within the next three months. The MIP Scoreboard indicator is the three year change in percentage points. The data source is the quarterly EU Labour Force Survey (EU
LFS). The survey covers the resident population in private households.
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
BE
-2.4
-3.5
1.4
3.6
0.7
-2.1
1.3
4.5
2.3
-3.6
BG
-10.2
-9.1
-3.2
7.8i
13.1
13.0
6.5
-1.2
-6.5
-11.2
CZ
-9.7
-9.4
-0.9
7.6
8.2
2.9
0.6
-2.2
-6.9
-8.4
DK
-0.7
-0.6
4.1
6.4
6.2
2.3
-0.9
-1.6
-3.3
-1.0
DE
-1.9
-5.0
-2.5
-2.0
-1.9
-3.1
-2.0
-0.8
-0.8
-0.7
EE
-13.8
-3.1i
15.3
22.8
10.4
-6.5
-14.2
-7.4
-7.8
-5.3
IE
0.4
4.6
15.3
18.5
15.8
6.4
-0.8
-5.2
-9.5
-9.6
EL
-3.8
-3.9
0.7
10.3
22.8
29.6
25.3
7.7
-5.5
-11.0
ES
-3.9
4.9
19.8
23.4
21.7
15.2
14.0
7.0
-4.6
-11.1
FR
-0.9
-2.0
1.6
3.8
3.7
0.8
1.6
1.5
0.3
-0.3
HR
-7.5
-8.1
-3.5
6.9
13.0
16.8
17.6
8.3
0.1
-18.1
IT
-3.1
-2.9
3.5
7.5
8.0
10.0
12.1
13.5
5.0
-2.2
CY
0.0
-4.9
3.8
6.4
13.4
13.9
22.3
13.6
5.1
-9.8
LV
-9.4
-1.5
19.7
25.6
17.4
-4.8
-13.0
-11.4
-12.2
-5.9
LT
-13.4
-2.5
19.6
27.3
19.3
-2.9
-13.8
-13.3
-10.4
-7.4
LU
-0.8
2.7
1.0
0.2
-0.9
1.5
1.1
5.9
-1.4
2.2
HU
2.6
0.1i
7.3
8.3
6.5
1.8
0.2
-5.6
-10.9
-13.7
MT
-3.1
-4.4
-1.0
-0.3
1.6
-0.4
-0.2
-1.6
-2.3
-2.0
NL
-2.0
-3.2
0.2
1.7
1.4
1.5
2.1
2.7
-0.4
-2.4
AT
-1.1
-2.5
0.9
0.1
0.4
-1.3
0.2
1.4
1.2
1.5
PL
-18.0
-19.7
-9.2i
2.1
8.6
5.9
3.6
-1.9
-5.7
-9.6
PT
1.7
0.8
4.1
6.8
8.6
12.7
9.9
4.5
-6.0
-9.9
RO
-1.2
-1.5
-0.2
2.8
6.3
2.6
1.6
0.1
-0.9
-3.1
SI
-6.0
-5.5
-0.3
4.6
5.3
7.0
6.9
4.5
-4.3
-6.4
SK
-12.8
-11.1
0.6
13.3
14.4i
6.4
-0.2
-4.0
-7.5
-11.5
FI
-4.2
-3.6
2.8
4.9
3.6
-2.5
-1.5
0.4
3.4
0.2
SE
-1.2
-2.4
3.5
5.6
2.6
-1.3
-1.2
0.1
-3.3
-4.7
UK
2.3
2.2
5.2
5.6
6.3
2.1
0.8
-4.3
-6.6
-7.7
1) i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
65
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1821737_0067.png
Table 3.23: Youth unemployment rate - % of active population aged 15-24
The youth unemployment rate is the unemployment rate of people aged 15 - 24 as a percentage of the labour force of the same age. The unemployment rate is the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the
economically active population (the total number of people employed and unemployed = labour force) based on International Labour Office (ILO) definition. Unemployed persons comprise persons aged 15 to 74 who fulfil all the
three following conditions: were not employed during the reference week; are available to start work within the next two weeks following the reference week and have been actively seeking work in the past four weeks preceeding
the reference week or have already found a job to start within the next three months. The data source is the quarterly EU Labour Force Survey (EU LFS). The survey covers the resident population in private households.
2007
18.8
14.1
10.7
7.5
11.8
10.1
9.1
22.7
18.1
19.5
25.4
20.4
10.2
10.6
8.4
15.6
18.1
13.5
9.4
9.4
21.6
21.4
19.3
10.1
20.6
16.5
19.2
14.3
2008
18.0
11.9
9.9
8.0
10.4
12.0i
13.3
21.9
24.5
19.0
23.6
21.2
9.0
13.6
13.3
17.3
19.5i
11.7
8.6
8.5
17.2
21.6
17.6
10.4
19.3
16.5
20.2
15.0
2009
21.9
15.1
16.6
11.8
11.1
27.4
24.0
25.7
37.7
23.6
25.4
25.3
13.8
33.3
29.6
16.5
26.4
14.5
10.2
10.7
20.6i
25.3
20.0
13.6
27.6
21.5
25.0
19.1
2010
22.4
21.9i
18.3
13.9
9.8
32.9
27.6
33.0
41.5
23.3
32.3
27.9
16.6
36.2
35.7
15.8
26.4
13.2
11.1
9.5
23.7
28.2
22.1
14.7
33.9
21.4
24.8
19.9
2011
18.7
25.0
18.1
14.2
8.5
22.4
29.1
44.7
46.2
22.7
36.6
29.2
22.4
31.0
32.6
16.4
26.0
13.3
10.0
8.9
25.8
30.2
23.9
15.7
33.7i
20.1
22.8
21.3
2012
19.8
28.1
19.5
14.1
8.0
20.9
30.4
55.3
52.9
24.4
42.2
35.3
27.7
28.5
26.7
18.0
28.2
14.1
11.7
9.4
26.5
38.0
22.6
20.6
34.0
19.0
23.7
21.2
2013
23.7
28.4
18.9
13.0
7.8
18.7
26.8
58.3
55.5
24.9
49.9
40.0
38.9
23.2
21.9
16.9
26.6
13.0
13.2
9.7
27.3
38.1
23.7
21.6
33.7
19.9
23.6
20.7
2014
23.2
23.8
15.9
12.6
7.7
15.0
23.9
52.4
53.2
24.2
44.9
42.7
36.0
19.6
19.3
22.3
20.4
11.7
12.7
10.3
23.9
34.7
24.0
20.2
29.7
20.5
22.9
17.0
2015
22.1
21.6
12.6
10.8
7.2
13.1
20.9
49.8
48.3
24.7
42.3
40.3
32.8
16.3
16.3
16.6
17.3
11.8
11.3
10.6
20.8
32.0
21.7
16.3
26.5
22.4
20.4
14.6
2016
20.1
17.2
10.5
12.0
7.1
13.4
17.2
47.3
44.4
24.6
31.8
37.8
29.1
17.3
14.5
19.1
12.9
11.0
10.8
11.2
17.7
28.2
20.6
15.2
22.2
20.1
18.9
13.0
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
1) i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
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1821737_0068.png
Table 3.24: Real GDP (1 year % change)
Gross domestic product (GDP) at market prices is the final result of the production activity of resident producer units. It is defined as the value of all goods and services produced less the value of any goods or services used in
their creation. The ESA 2010 (European System of Accounts) regulation may be referred to for more specific explanations on methodology. Data are expressed as percentage change comparing year Y with year Y-1.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
3.4
7.3
5.6
0.9
3.3
7.7
5.2
3.3
3.8
2.4
5.2
1.5
4.8
10.0
11.1
8.4
0.4
4.0
3.7
3.7
7.0
2.5
6.9
6.9
10.8
5.2
3.4
2.4
2008
0.8
6.0
2.7
-0.5
1.1
-5.4
-3.9
-0.3
1.1
0.2
2.1
-1.1
3.9
-3.5
2.6
-1.3
0.9
3.3
1.7
1.5
4.2
0.2
8.5
3.3
5.6
0.7
-0.6
-0.5
2009
-2.3
-3.6
-4.8
-4.9
-5.6
-14.7
-4.6
-4.3
-3.6
-2.9
-7.4
-5.5
-1.8
-14.4
-14.8
-4.4
-6.6
-2.5
-3.8
-3.8
2.8
-3.0
-7.1
-7.8
-5.4
-8.3
-5.2
-4.2
2010
2.7
1.3
2.3
1.9
4.1
2.3
1.8
-5.5
0.0
2.0
-1.4
1.7
1.3
-3.9
1.6
4.9
0.7
3.5
1.4
1.8
3.6
1.9
-0.8
1.2
5.0
3.0
6.0
1.7
2011
1.8
1.9
1.8
1.3
3.7
7.6
3.0
-9.1p
-1.0
2.1
-0.3
0.6
0.3
6.4
6.0
2.5
1.7
1.4
1.7
2.9
5.0
-1.8
1.1
0.6
2.8
2.6
2.7
1.5
2012
0.2
0.0
-0.8
0.2
0.5
4.3
0.0
-7.3p
-2.9
0.2
-2.2
-2.8
-3.1
4.0
3.8
-0.4
-1.6
2.6
-1.1
0.7
1.6
-4.0
0.6
-2.7
1.7
-1.4
-0.3
1.5
2013
0.2
0.9
-0.5
0.9
0.5
1.9
1.6
-3.2p
-1.7
0.6
-0.6
-1.7
-5.9
2.6
3.5
3.7
2.1
4.6
-0.2
0.0
1.4
-1.1
3.5
-1.1
1.5
-0.8
1.2
2.1
2014
1.4
1.3
2.7
1.7
1.9
2.9
8.3
0.7p
1.4
0.9
-0.1
0.1
-1.4
1.9
3.5
5.8
4.2
8.2
1.4
0.8
3.3
0.9
3.1
3.0
2.8
-0.6
2.6
3.1
2015
1.4
3.6
5.3
1.6
1.7
1.7
25.6
-0.3p
3.4p
1.1p
2.3
1.0
2.0
2.8
2.0
2.9
3.4
7.1
2.3
1.1
3.8
1.8
4.0
2.3
3.9
0.0
4.5
2.3
2016
1.5
3.9
2.6
1.7
1.9
2.1
5.1
-0.2p
3.3p
1.2p
3.0e
0.9
3.0p
2.1
2.3
3.1
2.2
5.5
2.2p
1.5
2.9
1.5p
4.6p
3.1
3.3
1.9
3.3
1.8
Flags:e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
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1821737_0069.png
Table 3.25: Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP)
Gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) consists of resident producers' acquisitions, less disposals, of fixed assets during a given period plus certain additions to the value of non-produced assets realised by the productive activity
of producer or institutional units. GFCF includes acquisition less disposals of, e.g. buildings, structures, machinery and equipment, mineral exploration, computer software, literary or artistic originals and major improvements to
land such as the clearance of forests. The input data are obtained through official national accounts' country data in the ESA2010 transmission programme.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
Flags:p:Provisional.
2007
23.2
28.3
29.5
23.5
20.1
36.6
28.7
26.0
31.0
23.1
26.8
21.6
25.5
36.4
28.6
18.4
23.6
22.4
21.8
22.9
22.5
22.5
36.0
28.8
26.8
24.2
23.9
17.7
2008
24.0
33.0
29.0
22.9
20.3
31.2
24.8
23.8
29.2
23.6
28.1
21.2
27.2
32.1
26.0
20.3
23.2
19.6
22.3
23.3
23.1
22.8
38.4
29.6
25.5
24.4
24.3
17.0
2009
22.6
27.9
27.1
20.2
19.2
22.7
21.1
20.8
24.3
22.0
25.2
20.0
23.4
22.5
17.9
18.4
22.7
18.2
21.3
22.4
21.4
21.1
26.0
24.3
21.7
22.8
22.3
15.3
2010
21.8
22.2
26.9
18.1
19.4
21.2
17.6
17.6
23.0
22.1
21.2
19.9
22.3
19.4
16.9
17.6
20.2
21.4
19.7
21.6
20.3
20.5
25.9
21.3
22.1
21.9
22.3
15.3
2011
22.6
20.9
26.5
18.2
20.3
26.2
16.8
15.3p
21.5
22.4
20.2
19.7
18.9
22.2
18.5
19.2
19.7
18.0
20.3
22.5
20.7
18.4
27.1
20.2
24.0
22.2
22.7
15.4
2012
22.6
21.3
25.9
18.8
20.1
28.6
19.7
12.6p
19.8
22.5
19.6
18.4
15.1
25.4
17.4
20.2
19.3
18.2
18.9
22.6
19.8
15.8
27.3
19.2
21.2
22.3
22.6
15.6
2013
22.2
21.1
25.1
19.1
19.7
27.7
18.6
12.2p
18.8
22.1
19.7
17.2
14.1
23.2
18.5
19.5
20.9
17.5
17.9
23.0
18.8
14.8
24.7
19.8
20.7
21.2
22.3
15.8
2014
23.1
21.1
25.1
19.2
20.0
24.4
20.8
11.5p
19.3
21.8
19.3
16.7
11.7
22.5
18.9
19.0
22.2
17.4
18.0
22.6
19.7
15.0
24.3
19.4
20.7
20.6
23.1
16.4
2015
23.2
21.0
26.5
19.2
19.9
23.6
20.3
11.5p
19.8p
21.6p
19.6
16.9
13.0
22.1
19.6
17.3
21.9
25.1
19.4
22.5
20.1
15.5
24.7
18.9
23.9
20.4
23.6
16.6
2016
23.4
18.6
25.0
20.1
20.0
22.3
31.8
11.7p
20.0p
22.0p
19.9e
17.1
17.5p
18.2
18.9
17.2
19.2
23.8
19.9p
23.1
18.1
15.3p
22.7p
17.6
21.2
21.5
24.0
16.4
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
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1821737_0070.png
Table 3.26: Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP)
Research and experimental development (R&D) comprise creative and systematic work undertaken in order to increase the stock of knowledge
–
including knowledge of humankind, culture and society
–
and to devise new
applications of available knowledge (Frascati Manual, 2015 edition, § 2.5 ). The GDP used in denominator of the MIP indicator comes from the ESA 2010 transmission programme.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
1.8
0.4
1.3
2.5b
2.5
1.1
1.2
0.6e
1.2
2.0
0.8
1.1
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.6e
1.0
0.6
1.7
2.4
0.6
1.1
0.5
1.4
0.5
3.4
3.3
1.6
2008
1.9
0.5
1.2
2.8
2.6
1.3
1.4
0.7be
1.3
2.1
0.9
1.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.6
1.0
0.5
1.6
2.6e
0.6
1.5b
0.6
1.6b
0.5
3.6
3.5e
1.6e
2009
2.0
0.5
1.3
3.1
2.7
1.4
1.6e
0.6e
1.4
2.2
0.8
1.2
0.4
0.5
0.8
1.7
1.1
0.5
1.7
2.6
0.7
1.6
0.5
1.8
0.5
3.8
3.5
1.7e
2010
2.1
0.6
1.3
2.9
2.7
1.6
1.6e
0.6e
1.4
2.2b
0.7
1.2
0.5
0.6
0.8
1.5
1.1
0.6
1.7
2.7e
0.7
1.5
0.5
2.1
0.6
3.7
3.2e
1.7e
2011
2.2
0.5
1.6
2.9
2.8
2.3
1.6e
0.7
1.3
2.2
0.8
1.2
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.5
1.2
0.7
1.9b
2.7
0.8
1.5
0.5b
2.4b
0.7
3.6
3.3
1.7b
2012
2.3
0.6
1.8
3.0
2.9
2.1
1.6e
0.7
1.3
2.2
0.8
1.3
0.4
0.7
0.9
1.3b
1.3
0.8
1.9b
2.9e
0.9
1.4
0.5
2.6
0.8
3.4
3.3e
1.6e
2013
2.3
0.6
1.9
3.0
2.8
1.7
1.6e
0.8
1.3
2.2
0.8
1.3
0.5
0.6
1.0
1.3
1.4
0.8
2.0
3.0
0.9
1.3
0.4
2.6
0.8
3.3
3.3e
1.7
2014
2.4
0.8
2.0
2.9
2.9
1.5
1.5e
0.8
1.2
2.2
0.8
1.4e
0.5
0.7
1.0
1.3
1.4
0.7
2.0
3.1e
0.9
1.3
0.4
2.4
0.9
3.2
3.2e
1.7e
2015
2.5
1.0
1.9
3.0p
2.9
1.5
1.2
1.0
1.2
2.2p
0.9
1.3
0.5
0.6
1.0
1.3
1.4
0.8
2.0
3.1
1.0
1.2
0.5
2.2
1.2
2.9
3.3
1.7
2016
2.5p
0.8p
1.7p
2.9e
2.9e
na
1.2e
1.0p
na
na
0.9p
na
na
0.4p
0.7p
na
1.2
0.6p
na
3.1p
na
1.3p
na
na
0.8
2.8
3.3p
na
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) Official transmission deadline for 2016 preliminary data on Gross domestic expenditure on R&D is 31 October 2017 while data were extracted on 24 October 2017.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
69
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Table 3.27: Current plus capital account - Net lending-borrowing (% of GDP)
Net lending/borrowing of a country corresponds to the sum of total current and capital
accounts’
balances in Balance of Payments. It represents the net resources that the total economy makes available to the rest of the world (if
it is positive) or receives from the rest of the world (if it is negative). The indicator is based on the Balance of Payments data.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
1.6
-25.7
-4.0
1.5
6.7
-13.8
-6.4
-13.3
-9.3
-0.2
-7.2
-1.3
na
-18.9
-13.4
9.3
-6.4
-0.7
5.3
3.8
-5.3
-8.6
-13.2
-4.3
-5.1
3.9
8.1
-3.8
2008
-1.5
-21.2
-1.2
2.9
5.6
-7.5
-6.8
-13.4
-8.8
-0.9
-9.0
-2.8
-15.3
-11.0
-11.7
6.9
-5.8
-0.7
5.0
4.4
-5.6
-10.9
-11.4
-5.4
-5.3
2.3
7.7
-4.6
2009
-1.3
-7.0
-1.0
3.4
5.7
6.0
-5.6
-11.5
-4.0
-0.7
-5.1
-1.9
-7.3
10.2
5.7
6.1
0.9
-5.4
5.6
2.6
-2.3
-9.3
-4.3
-0.5
-2.7
2.0
5.9
-3.9
2010
1.5
-0.9
-2.6
6.6
5.7
5.3
-1.9
-10.5
-3.5
-0.8
-1.1
-3.4
-11.0
4.0
2.5
6.2
2.1
-2.7
6.6
2.9
-3.6
-8.8
-4.9
0.0
-3.2
1.3
5.8
-3.8
2011
-1.2
1.5
-1.8
6.9
6.1
5.4
-2.2
-8.7
-2.8
-0.9
-0.7
-2.9
-3.7
-1.1
-1.3
5.6
3.1
1.2
8.8
1.5
-3.2
-4.5
-4.4
0.0
-3.7
-1.7
5.3
-2.4
2012
0.5
0.4
-0.3
6.3
7.0
1.4
-2.6
-2.6
0.3
-1.2
-0.1
-0.1
-5.8
-0.6
1.5
4.7
4.3
3.2
9.0
1.3
-1.5
0.3
-3.4
2.3
2.9
-1.8
5.4
-4.3
2013
-0.4
2.4
1.5
7.7
6.7
3.1
1.6
-0.4
2.2
-0.8
1.1
0.9
-3.5
-0.2
3.9
4.3
7.3
4.4
10.0
1.8
1.0
3.2
1.0
4.8
3.3
-1.5
5.0
-5.6
2014
-1.1
2.3
0.9
8.7
7.5
1.3
-1.8
-0.2
1.6
-1.0
2.1
2.1
-3.5
1.5
5.8
3.8
5.2
10.5
8.5
2.4
0.4
1.6
2.0
6.0
2.1
-1.2
4.5
-5.4
2015
-0.1
3.1
2.5
8.5
8.5
4.0
10.4
0.9
1.8
-0.1
5.1
1.8
-1.2
2.3
0.2
4.6
8.0
6.4
3.6
1.4
1.8
1.3
1.2
5.4
1.8
-1.0
4.5
-5.3
2016
0.2
7.5
2.2
7.3
8.4
3.0
2.3
-0.5
2.2
-0.9
3.5
2.6
-4.7
2.4
0.4
4.4
6.2
7.4
8.8
2.0
0.8
1.7
0.4
4.5
0.5
-1.3
4.4
-6.0
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
70
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1821737_0072.png
Table 3.28: Net external debt (% of GDP)
The external debt (or the foreign debt), at any given time, is the outstanding amount of the actual current (and not contingent) liabilities that require payment(s) of principal and/or interest by the debtor at some point(s) in the
future and that are owed to non-residents by residents of an economy. The external debt is the portion of a country's debt that was borrowed from creditors outside the country, including commercial banks, other governments or
international financial institutions (such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank). The assets/liabilities include debt securities, such as bonds, notes and money market instruments, as well as loans,
deposits, currency, trade credits and advances due to non-residents. The data are expressed as percentage of GDP and source from Balance of payments statistics.
2007
-45.3
na
-7.4
32.3
3.8
48.5
-203.9
66.1
71.5
13.0
na
na
na
46.1
28.1
-2587.1
26.3
-385.9
46.4
15.4
19.7
64.7
20.4
24.2
12.9
-0.2
45.1
na
2008
-85.7
na
-4.7
29.8
5.9
54.3
-153.2
73.2
78.1
22.7
na
37.0
58.3
53.9
35.3
-2139.8
67.1
-428.8
59.8
23.2
28.3
74.6
27.7
34.5
17.7
8.9
66.2
na
2009
-105.2
na
-2.4
28.6
1.0
53.4
-202.4
84.2
89.2
25.3
na
41.2
70.0
58.6
37.8
-2686.1
78.4
-334.8
63.7
20.6
30.1
82.9
33.0
40.7
22.4
20.9
72.0
na
2010
-121.2
37.1
-1.3
21.9
3.4
35.8
-277.6
100.8
93.2
28.1
na
47.7
70.9
55.7
35.8
-2972.4
49.7
-490.7
71.9
28.0
31.1
81.2
35.7
43.9
20.6
24.8
61.8
na
2011
-118.8
29.6
-0.2
14.3
6.7
6.0
-311.3
98.8
97.0
28.3
61.7
45.8
127.1
47.2
32.1
-2345.3
68.3
-495.8
67.7
24.0
33.6
84.5
37.5
41.0
21.4
29.1
62.0
na
2012
-102.7
25.4
-1.1
10.9
3.0
-1.1
-348.8
123.6
95.7
33.8
59.9
52.3
137.2
39.5
34.0
-2329.9
69.0
-479.5
52.3
25.8
34.3
101.8
38.4
45.9
22.3
39.7
58.9
na
2013
-88.4
21.6
-5.1
8.2
-3.9
-4.9
-352.9
132.7
94.7
32.5
59.4
56.4
140.0
36.4
29.2
-2162.8
59.6
-376.6
52.2
20.1
36.1
99.6
35.8
42.6
23.9
40.3
55.8
na
2014
-71.1
18.3
-4.5
0.3
-6.6
-10.6
-415.7
132.6
97.7
35.8
57.7
58.7
136.1
33.6
27.7
-1967.3
57.6
-302.1
53.7
20.0
36.4
104.4
29.8
41.4
27.5
47.8
55.7
na
2015
-54.5
1.5
-8.2
-0.6
-11.3
-10.5
-299.8
137.8
94.0
36.7
51.9
59.2
148.3
29.2
25.8
-1948.1
24.0
-257.3
51.7
19.2
34.7
100.8
27.2
35.4
28.9
49.6
47.5
na
2016
-26.6
-9.5
-13.5
-7.3
-14.6
-11.7
-368.6
137.5
88.8
37.5
40.9
55.1
152.0
28.8
24.7
-1875.5
9.5
-222.0
43.7
19.5
32.1
94.5
22.5
29.0
28.4
51.8
45.6
na
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
71
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1821737_0073.png
Table 3.29: Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy - flows (% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment (FDI) is a category of investment that reflects the objective of establishing a lasting interest by a resident enterprise in one economy (direct investor) in an enterprise (direct investment enterprise) that is
resident in an economy other than that of the direct investor. The lasting interest is deemed to exist if the investor acquires at least 10% of the voting power of the direct investment enterprise. Data are presented according to the
asset/liability principle, compiled in the framework of balance of payments and are consistent with the components of national accounts statistics. Inward FDI flows represent the value of FDI liabilities from all countries of the
world in the reporting economy in the reference period. Data are expressed as % of GDP to remove the effect of differences in the size of the economies of the reporting countries. Definitions are based on the IMF's Sixth
Balance of Payments Manual (BPM6).
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
BE
19.8
38.4
17.0
22.9
30.3
1.3
-5.4
-4.4
-6.5
8.0
BG
28.0
17.9
7.5
3.6
3.7
3.3
3.6
3.6
5.4
2.2
CZ
7.0
3.7
2.5
4.9
1.9
4.5
3.5
3.9
0.9
3.3
DK
3.7
0.5
1.2
-3.6
3.8
-4.9
0.2
2.0
0.4
2.1
DE
1.5
0.8
1.6
2.5
2.6
1.8
1.8
0.4
1.6
1.5
EE
13.5
8.0
9.1
13.2
4.9
7.8
4.4
6.6
-3.2
3.2
IE
22.9
7.9
22.8
16.8
15.2
24.9
27.8
36.5
81.7
25.8
EL
0.7
1.4
0.8
0.2
0.4
0.7
1.2
1.1
0.7
1.6
ES
4.8
4.8
0.9
2.8
2.2
1.8
3.8
2.4
2.9
2.6
FR
3.2
2.3
0.7
1.4
1.5
1.2
1.1
0.0
1.5
1.7
HR
7.8
7.6
5.0
2.3
2.3
2.6
1.6
5.3
0.4
3.7
IT
3.0
-0.5
0.9
0.4
1.5
0.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
1.0
CY
na
8.7
10.8
53.3
-43.5
30.5
-25.0
-2.2
41.4
13.0
LV
8.8
3.7
-0.2
1.9
5.3
3.8
3.2
3.0
3.1
0.9
LT
5.8
4.0
0.1
2.3
3.5
1.4
1.5
1.1
2.3
2.3
LU
372.8
182.4
410.6
423.7
679.9
981.1
1025.1
273.1
1063.5
23.2
HU
49.6
47.6
-2.6
-16.0
9.9
8.1
-2.8
9.5
-4.4
55.6
MT
451.2
164.7
16.8
106.3
82.0
36.1
5.7
2.8
28.7
22.3
NL
85.9
17.8
11.1
14.6
37.5
29.8
37.9
13.1
19.3
19.6
AT
17.3
1.5
3.4
-5.4
5.4
1.3
0.1
0.4
-2.3
-7.8
PL
5.8
2.7
3.2
3.7
3.4
1.5
0.2
3.6
3.2
3.6
PT
2.5
3.0
2.3
3.5
4.0
10.1
4.7
5.7
1.2
4.5
RO
5.9
6.5
2.8
2.0
1.3
1.8
2.0
1.9
2.4
3.3
SI
2.3
2.0
-0.7
0.6
1.7
0.1
0.2
2.0
4.0
3.2
SK
6.5
4.9
1.9
2.3
5.6
1.9
1.0
-0.4
1.7
4.0
FI
8.5
7.0
-3.3
4.9
-2.2
1.9
-1.9
6.3
6.4
-1.8
SE
9.4
8.3
2.1
0.2
1.1
0.8
0.3
-1.7
1.7
2.9
UK
6.8
9.1
0.4
2.7
1.0
1.8
2.0
2.0
1.8
11.2
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
72
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1821737_0074.png
Table 3.30: Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy - stocks (% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment (FDI) is the category of investment made by an entity resident in an economy (direct investor) to acquire a lasting interest in an entity operating in an economy other than that of the investor (direct
investment enterprise). The lasting interest is deemed to exist if the investor acquires at least 10% of the voting power of the of the direct investment enterprise. Data are presented according to the asset/liability principle,
compiled in the framework of international investment position and are consistent with the components of national accounts statistics. Inward FDI stocks are the value of FDI liabilities from all countries of the world in the
reporting economy at the end of the reference period. Data are expressed as percentage of GDP to remove the effect of differences in the size of the economies of the reporting countries. Definitions are based on the IMF's Sixth
Balance of Payments Manual (BPM6).
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
BE
154.6
192.0
208.2
223.2
236.2
236.2
220.3
228.4
225.5
214.5
BG
na
na
na
90.3
87.8
90.1
89.3
96.2
91.8
88.3
CZ
58.1
60.3
66.2
70.1
69.6
74.7
77.4
77.3
75.8
75.0
DK
47.1
44.6
46.8
43.5
43.9
43.6
41.8
49.9
48.7
52.5
DE
33.7
31.9
34.2
35.1
35.8
39.8
41.0
41.2
41.3
41.7
EE
75.0
77.1
89.1
95.0
89.9
94.2
98.8
104.9
98.9
99.8
IE
192.1
209.0
267.4
294.3
304.3
337.3
344.1
385.2
499.0
503.3
EL
16.1
12.0
13.8
13.8
12.2
11.5
12.0
11.8
14.8
16.0
ES
44.7
45.1
49.0
50.5
51.6
53.3
56.4
59.4
59.1
59.7
FR
34.8
34.2
37.0
38.0
40.2
40.6
41.4
42.1
44.0
44.8
HR
64.5
42.2
50.9
53.9
49.8
51.7
50.4
56.0
54.4
57.7
IT
21.4
18.8
22.1
20.3
21.5
23.2
23.8
25.1
25.6
25.9
CY
na
701.6
711.8
773.4
700.1
866.4
863.8
849.4
1050.0
1061.6
LV
35.3
36.0
46.3
49.7
50.1
49.7
54.0
56.3
59.8
58.1
LT
36.6
29.9
37.0
38.6
37.9
38.2
38.7
38.4
40.0
41.3
LU
2757.4
2968.2
3505.4
3640.8
4666.0
6000.7
6486.1
7817.6
9159.2
8938.5
HU
176.7
218.0
226.9
214.3
236.3
227.1
211.4
217.2
222.4
260.8
MT
1549.3
1636.5
1698.3
1859.2
2024.4
2052.3
1973.2
1852.4
1771.4
1736.5
NL
409.0
404.8
422.0
436.6
478.0
509.3
540.8
565.3
587.2
598.9
AT
74.9
72.7
81.1
74.8
72.8
74.7
75.2
77.8
75.0
66.6
PL
38.4
39.7
40.4
48.4
47.3
47.7
50.1
51.5
48.1
50.2
PT
51.0
47.6
53.6
56.4
54.7
66.7
69.5
74.0
73.5
76.1
RO
36.7
35.9
40.7
41.4
41.4
43.2
42.9
41.9
42.6
44.8
SI
24.0
25.0
26.1
27.0
28.7
29.8
29.1
31.5
34.4
37.1
SK
64.2
60.5
64.3
62.5
65.8
64.7
64.8
62.1
63.5
65.6
FI
46.4
50.9
50.7
54.7
50.6
52.0
46.8
52.4
57.3
49.9
SE
81.3
91.5
100.9
92.9
91.3
90.9
90.1
84.0
82.8
80.3
UK
51.3
60.1
57.6
60.0
60.8
74.2
72.2
72.1
67.5
74.5
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
73
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1821737_0075.png
Table 3.31: Net trade balance of energy products (% of GDP)
The trade balance of energy products is calculated, for each Member State, as the difference between exports to and imports from the rest of the world (intra-EU and extra-EU trade) of goods included in the SITC section 3 -
Mineral fuels, lubricants and related materials.The data source is International trade statistic and the indicator is expressed as percentage of GDP (according to ESA2010 transmission programme).
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
-3.6
-7.3
-3.2
1.8
-2.4
-3.6
-2.4
-2.9
-3.0
-2.2
-3.9
-2.9
-5.1
-4.3
-4.2
-5.3
-4.6
-1.5
-1.2
-2.8
-2.6
-3.6
-2.6
-4.7
-4.9
-2.5
-1.6
-0.4
2008
-5.3
-8.0
-4.1
1.6
-3.4
-4.1
-3.1
-3.8
-3.6
-2.8
-5.1
-3.6
-6.4
-5.5
-5.7
-6.6
-6.2
-2.3
-0.7
-3.5
-3.0
-4.6
-2.8
-6.2
-5.9
-3.3
-1.9
-0.7
2009
-3.2
-5.0
-2.7
1.0
-2.5
-2.3
-2.3
-2.2
-2.3
-2.0
-3.5
-2.6
-4.6
-4.4
-4.1
-4.1
-4.9
-0.1
-0.7
-2.4
-2.2
-2.8
-1.6
-3.9
-4.4
-2.4
-1.2
-0.4
2010
-3.7
-5.7
-3.5
0.9
-2.9
-1.5
-2.8
-3.0
-2.9
-2.4
-3.8
-3.2
-6.0
-4.9
-7.1
-4.8
-5.1
1.1
-1.5
-2.9
-2.6
-3.4
-2.2
-5.0
-5.7
-2.8
-1.6
-0.4
2011
-4.6
-6.3
-4.4
0.7
-3.5
-0.4
-3.3
-3.6p
-3.7
-3.0
-5.4
-3.7
-6.8
-5.5
-7.6
-5.9
-6.0
-2.8
-1.9
-3.7
-3.3
-4.2
-2.7
-6.2
-6.4
-3.7
-1.8
-1.0
2012
-5.0
-6.9
-4.7
0.8
-3.6
-1.3
-3.0
-4.0p
-3.8
-3.3
-5.6
-3.8
-7.5
-6.1
-7.5
-6.3
-6.3
-12.2
-2.6
-3.9
-3.4
-4.7
-3.0
-6.7
-5.9
-2.6
-1.7
-1.2
2013
-4.5
-6.2
-4.8
0.3
-3.4
-2.2
-3.2
-3.7p
-3.4
-3.1
-5.1
-3.3
-6.3
-5.6
-6.1
-5.4
-6.3
-9.2
-1.4
-3.5
-2.7
-3.7
-1.9
-5.5
-5.9
-2.6
-1.5
-1.1
2014
-3.8
-5.6
-4.0
0.0
-2.8
-2.1
-2.7
-3.4p
-2.9
-2.5
-4.0
-2.6
-5.9
-4.2
-4.7
-4.4
-6.2
-14.9
-1.6
-3.0
-2.6
-3.6
-1.4
-4.1
-4.3
-2.4
-1.3
-0.8
2015
-2.7
-3.8
-2.4
0.0
-2.0
-1.5
-1.5
-2.1p
-2.0p
-1.8p
-3.4
-2.0
-4.1
-3.2
-3.6
-3.1
-4.2
-9.2
-1.1
-2.3
-1.6
-2.3
-0.9
-3.1
-3.5
-1.8
-0.9
-0.6
2016
-2.2
-2.4
-2.1
0.0
-1.5
-1.0
-1.1
-1.7p
-1.5p
-1.4p
-2.7e
-1.6
-3.4p
-2.3
-2.6
-2.5
-3.2
-9.0
-0.7p
-1.9
-1.4
-1.6p
-0.9p
-2.1
-2.6
-1.4
-0.8
-0.5
Flags:e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
74
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1821737_0076.png
Table 3.32: Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners (3 year % change)
The Real effective exchange rate (REER) aims to assess a country's price or cost competitiveness relative to its principal competitors in international markets. Changes in cost and price competitiveness depend not only on
exchange rate movements but also on cost and price trends. The specific REER for the MIP is deflated by the consumer price indices relative to the Euro area countries (double export weights are used to calculate REERs,
reflecting not only competition in the home markets of the various competitors, but also competition in export markets elsewhere). The MIP scoreboard indicator is the percentage change over three years of REER.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
0.4
14.4
14.4
-1.3
-0.7
8.5
1.4
3.3
3.5
-1.4
4.4
-0.1
-0.4
10.8
4.6
3.0
8.9
-0.7
-1.8
-0.6
18.9
0.6
38.9
2.0
21.7
-3.0
-3.6
-0.6
2008
1.2
19.5
22.8
-0.6
-1.3
12.1
1.1
2.8
3.1
-1.2
6.0
0.0
-0.7
21.5
10.4
2.1
8.5
0.6
-2.3
-0.7
14.5
0.0
9.9
3.9
26.7
-1.3
-4.6
-13.5
2009
0.6
15.9
10.5
0.4
-1.1
8.9
-1.6
2.5
1.1
-1.2
3.9
0.4
-1.3
18.9
12.9
0.9
5.3
1.5
-1.1
-0.3
-6.2
-1.7
-6.5
3.9
24.7
0.8
-12.1
-21.6
2010
1.9
11.6
12.5
1.7
-1.5
6.4
-5.3
5.0
0.9
-0.2
4.3
0.7
0.4
8.3
9.9
1.7
0.0
3.5
-1.0
0.1
-0.2
-2.1
-9.2
3.2
12.7
1.9
-1.2
-16.9
2011
1.3
3.8
0.8
1.5
-1.0
2.8
-6.6
4.5
0.4
-0.4
-2.0
0.9
0.7
0.3
4.7
2.0
-2.5
1.8
-0.1
1.2
-9.6
-0.5
-1.7
0.4
4.9
2.1
7.1
-3.0
2012
1.9
1.8
5.5
0.7
-1.3
5.2
-5.1
2.0
0.8
-0.5
-2.5
1.4
2.0
-0.7
1.7
2.8
4.4
1.1
-0.4
1.3
7.1
0.9
3.2
0.3
1.9
1.6
19.1
14.4
2013
0.6
-0.4
-2.4
-1.3
-0.8
5.4
-3.1
-3.5
0.4
-1.3
-3.0
1.0
1.0
0.2
1.4
1.7
-3.2
0.1
1.4
1.6
-3.3
0.1
0.6
0.0
2.5
1.9
6.0
4.3
2014
-0.1
-2.9
-10.1
-1.4
-0.1
3.1
-1.8
-5.6
-0.6
-0.7
-1.5
0.4
-0.1
-1.3
-0.1
0.8
-7.2
0.7
1.3
1.6
-1.7
-1.2
-1.3
0.4
0.5
2.0
-3.7
10.2
2015
0.2
-3.9
-8.0
-1.3
0.5
1.6
-1.3
-5.2
-1.3
-0.4
-1.1
-0.5
-2.4
-2.0
-1.4
0.3
-7.1
1.0
1.0
2.3
-1.9
-1.0
2.4
-0.7
-1.2
1.1
-7.8
14.0
2016
2.1
-4.6
-3.6
-0.2
0.4
0.4
-0.9
-3.2
-2.2
0.1
-1.0
-0.7
-3.3
-0.1
-0.7
-0.2
-5.1
2.1
-0.4
2.4
-5.5
0.5
-2.6
-1.6
-2.0
0.5
-7.7
5.1
Source: European Commission, DG ECFIN
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Table 3.33: Export performance against advanced economies (5 year % change)
The indicator shows developments in shares of exports of goods and services of EU Member States in relation to total exports of goods and services of 34 OECD countries (21 EU MSs and 13 non-EU countries). To capture the
structural losses in competitiveness that can accumulate over longer time periods the 5 year % change (comparing year Y with year Y-5) is calculated.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
Flags:e:Estimated.
2007
2.4
59.9
73.9
3.2
12.1
69.0
-3.4
20.0
4.5
-8.9
23.9
0.0
-10.7e
114.6
43.3e
37.8
41.3
na
7.0
11.5
70.9e
6.2
102.1
35.7
83.9e
4.7
11.2
-6.7
2008
-0.9
50.9
70.3
6.8
6.3
52.4
-7.3
16.7
-4.6
-9.6
4.9
-6.4
-16.9e
96.7
59.2e
28.8
39.4
23.4
4.5
6.3
68.4e
-1.1
113.6
29.5
46.8e
6.5
3.7
-13.9
2009
-1.3
29.2
37.9
7.2
1.2
26.1
10.5
-2.8
-1.3
-7.2
2.8
-10.9
-1.5e
65.5
41.9
21.3
22.4
58.1
2.6
1.9
45.8
-0.3
83.7
18.8
18.8
-5.6
-8.8
-13.2
2010
-4.2
16.8
20.9
-3.3
-0.2
18.3
1.4
-7.2
-4.4
-10.7
-6.0
-12.4
-9.0e
31.6
28.7
11.7
11.8
49.1
-0.6
-5.5
34.9
0.7
65.9
6.4
12.4
-12.9
-5.6
-17.4
2011
0.8
21.3
17.3
-5.9
-0.8
35.7
-2.0
-8.1
-0.2
-7.7
-8.5
-11.9
-3.5e
38.2
41.4
5.0
6.6
28.4
0.1
-4.5
25.7
-0.2
63.7
2.8
6.2
-16.7
-4.1
-19.0
2012
-5.4
10.9
7.0
-7.9
-6.6
19.6
-6.2
-16.3
-8.4
-8.9
-15.0
-16.7
-12.8e
20.8
48.2
0.6
-11.9
25.6
-2.4
-12.3
13.6
-6.7
25.8
-11.5
0.5
-23.1
-9.9
-11.8
2013
-6.4
7.5
-2.8
-11.5
-5.7
18.2
-1.1
-20.0
-4.4
-8.4
-17.4
-14.0
-8.7
14.1
28.5
11.4
-16.9
7.0
-4.5
-12.1
7.4
-0.3
22.5
-12.1
3.3
-26.0
-10.8
-5.6
2014
-7.2
13.0
0.6
-9.8
-2.4
28.5
-6.1
-12.6
-6.0
-8.4
-14.5
-9.2
-18.7
19.0
43.3
19.4
-10.7
-6.2
-4.9
-9.7
12.3
0.7
28.8
-6.6
9.3
-21.1
-3.1
-2.8
2015
-10.6
13.9
-0.4
-6.8
-1.1
9.5
43.0
-19.6
-2.4
-4.2
-4.4
-7.5
-10.6
14.5
17.0
26.1
-6.4
-0.5
-5.1
-7.7
11.2
4.0
22.7
-2.8
6.1
-20.0
-7.8
3.7
2016
-5.0
5.1
-0.0
-6.9
-0.1
-3.5
55.3
-21.2
-0.7
-5.1
5.1
-5.5
-5.7
6.2
2.4
22.7
-3.2
5.6
-2.7
-6.7
14.8
2.8
20.1
1.1
4.3
-16.5
-10.5
-2.9
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and OECD
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Table 3.34: Terms of trade (5 year % change)
A
country’s
terms of trade measures a country's export prices in relation to its import prices. The indicator measures the country's trade competitiveness, as it indicates how much imports an economy can get for a unit of export
goods. It is calculated as the ratio of the price index for exports of goods and services to the price index for imports of goods and services. These are obtained by dividing current prices by chain-linked volumes using the
standard reference year 2010.
Data are expressed as percentage change comparing year Y with the year Y–5.
Data source: National accounts statistics.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
Flags:p:Provisional.
2007
-2.5
15.4
-2.0
2.3
-1.9
9.0
-5.2
1.1
2.6
-2.6
7.9
-4.4
3.3
7.8
7.6
1.5
-3.1
2.1
0.4
-2.0
5.5
-0.5
26.9
-2.3
-3.3
-9.7
-1.8
0.3
2008
-4.7
13.0
-3.3
3.3
-4.6
7.4
-3.2
-1.7
-1.2
-3.2
6.7
-8.0
0.1
3.9
11.5
1.8
-4.0
0.0
-0.2
-4.0
4.5
-2.9
28.9
-4.1
-4.5
-10.2
-2.3
-4.0
2009
-0.8
12.0
-2.4
2.7
-0.4
7.0
0.8
-2.3
4.3
0.2
5.2
-1.3
-1.2
1.5
-1.3
3.6
-2.6
1.0
1.0
-1.7
4.5
2.3
25.5
0.4
-5.3
-7.1
-0.2
-4.0
2010
-1.7
14.0
-2.1
3.3
-1.0
3.0
-4.0
-1.0
1.0
0.2
5.6
-2.1
0.2
2.6
-2.2
4.6
-0.8
1.6
-0.4
-2.5
1.7
2.1
23.2
-1.6
-5.7
-5.8
1.2
-1.5
2011
-2.2
11.5
-1.7
2.0
-2.1
1.0
-1.2
-1.5p
-2.9
-0.7
4.4
-1.7
-0.1
6.3
-0.2
3.0
-0.9
1.1
-2.1
-3.1
0.3
-0.5
18.6
-2.4
-5.6
-4.3
0.6
-2.2
2012
-2.5
5.9
-3.3
3.1
-2.5
-1.4
-3.2
-3.5p
-5.4
-2.2
2.6
-4.2
-0.8
-1.3
-1.9
4.2
-2.2
0.2
-2.3
-3.2
-2.6
-0.5
6.6
-4.3
-5.7
-5.2
-0.7
-0.6
2013
0.4
4.2
-0.9
2.4
0.3
-0.8
-4.3
-0.8p
-2.0
-0.4
1.3
-0.6
-0.2
1.0
-5.6
2.8
-0.3
1.0
-1.7
-1.9
-0.1
3.7
4.2
-2.3
-4.6
-2.7
0.0
4.5
2014
-2.4
3.0
-1.4
2.9
-2.8
-0.1
-4.9
1.5p
-7.5
-1.7
0.6
-4.1
0.1
-0.4
-0.9
1.2
-0.8
2.1
-2.6
-2.8
-1.4
0.1
4.5
-4.6
-3.5
-2.7
-0.8
5.0
2015
0.1
3.5
0.9
0.6
2.1
2.5
2.6
6.0p
-4.2p
2.7p
0.5
2.2
-0.5
0.1
2.2
0.1
0.0
1.0
-0.3
-0.2
2.5
4.7
6.0
0.7
-3.2
2.7
0.6
4.3
2016
2.0
3.0
3.6
2.6
6.6
3.0
0.4
6.1p
0.0p
6.0p
1.7e
7.5
0.0p
-0.1
5.6
-1.0
2.6
1.4
1.8p
2.1
4.9
7.8p
4.8p
3.0
-2.2
5.4
1.8
7.3
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
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1821737_0079.png
Table 3.35: Export market share, volume (1 year % change)
The indicator is calculated by subtracting the world exports volume growth rate from the country exports volume growth rate. Eurostat's National accounts volumes for exports (as for all transactions concerning goods and
services) are estimated in previous year prices to eliminate the influence of inflation. The volume growth rate is always calculated by comparing the year Y volume in previous year prices with the year Y-1 figure in current prices.
The MIP indicator is expressed as percentage change comparing year Y with year Y-1. Country's exports of goods and services series are based on Eurostat data, while world exports of goods and services on IMF data, World
Economic Outlook (WEO)
2007
-2.2
11.7
3.1
-4.2
1.4
4.7
1.0
2.7
0.4
-5.1
-4.5
-1.7
-2.6
5.9
-4.7
0.2
8.2
3.0
-2.3
-0.3
2.1
-0.6
-0.1
5.7
6.7
1.2
-3.4
-9.4
2008
-1.2
-0.4
1.3
1.0
-1.0
-2.0
-6.7
0.6
-3.7
-2.5
-2.1
-6.0
-3.6
-0.5
10.6
2.6
4.0
16.5
-1.1
-0.7
4.2
-3.2
-6.1
1.3
0.1
3.7
-0.9
-2.3
2009
0.6
-1.7
0.2
0.8
-4.3
-10.3
14.6
-8.5
-1.0
-1.3
-4.1
-8.1
5.9
-2.9
-2.8
-1.6
-1.4
9.6
1.1
-4.4
4.1
-0.2
4.7
-6.6
-6.8
-10.1
-4.5
1.3
2010
-2.3
-1.6
2.1
-9.7
1.9
11.4
-6.8
-7.7
-3.2
-3.6
-6.4
-0.8
-8.1
0.8
6.3
-2.2
-1.3
-5.7
-2.1
0.5
0.5
-3.1
2.6
-2.4
3.1
-6.4
-0.7
-6.7
2011
-0.2
5.7
2.3
0.3
1.4
17.3
-3.7
-6.9p
0.5
0.0
-4.7
-1.7
-1.3
5.1
8.5
-2.9
-0.4
-5.2
-2.5
-1.0
1.0
0.1
5.0
0.0
5.1
-4.9
-0.8
-0.7
2012
-2.5
-0.8
1.5
-1.6
0.0
2.0
-1.2
-1.6p
-1.7
-0.3
-2.9
-0.5
-5.5
7.0
9.6
0.0
-4.6
4.5
1.0
-1.4
1.8
0.6
-1.8
-2.2
6.5
-1.6
-1.8
-2.6
2013
-2.9
5.8
-3.6
-2.2
-2.1
-1.0
-0.8
-2.3p
0.5
-1.9
-0.7
-3.1
-1.7
-2.7
6.1
1.5
0.4
-2.6
-1.7
-3.2
2.3
3.2
15.9
-0.7
2.9
-2.7
-4.6
-3.0
2014
1.5
-0.6
5.0
-0.1
0.9
-1.2
10.7
4.0p
0.6
-0.4
2.3
-1.0
0.5
2.3
-0.4
10.3
5.4
0.2
0.8
-0.7
3.0
0.6
4.3
2.0
0.2
-6.4
1.6
-1.0
2015
0.2
2.6
2.9
-1.3
2.1
-3.8
35.3
0.0p
1.1p
1.2p
6.3
1.3
3.2
-0.1
-3.5
3.8
5.4
1.1
3.4
0.0
4.6
3.0
1.5
1.9
3.3
-2.3
2.6
1.9
2016
5.2
5.8
2.2
0.2
0.3
1.8
2.3
-4.1p
2.5p
-0.5p
3.3e
0.1
1.6p
1.8
1.2
0.4
1.1
1.2
2.0p
-0.4
6.5
1.8p
6.0p
4.1
3.9
-1.0
1.0
-1.2
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
Flags:p:Provisional.
Source: European Commission calculation based on IMF data, World Economic Outlook (WEO)
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Table 3.36: Real labour productivity (1 year % change)
Labour productivity is the ratio of Gross domestic product (market prices in millions, chain-linked volumes reference year 2010) to total Employment (domestic concept). The 'persons employed' does not distinguish between full-
time and part-time employment. The GDP per person employed is intended to give an overall impression of the productivity of national economies expressed in relation to the European Union (EU28) average. The input data are
obtained through official national accounts' country data in the ESA2010 transmission programme. The MIP indicator is expressed as percentage change comparing year Y with year Y-1.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
1.8
4.0
3.4
-1.4
1.5
7.5
0.8
1.9
0.5
0.9
1.9p
0.2
0.4
5.9
8.9
3.8
0.3
1.7
0.7
1.9
2.4
2.5
6.5
3.5
8.5
3.0
1.1
1.5
2008
-1.0
3.6
0.5
-1.7
-0.2
-5.2
-3.3
-1.6
0.9
-0.3
-0.1d
-1.3
0.3
-2.7
4.0
-5.8
2.9
0.8
0.1
-0.4
0.4
-0.2
8.4
0.7
2.3
-1.5
-1.4
-1.3
2009
-2.1
-1.9
-3.1
-1.8
-5.7
-5.0
3.5
-3.8
2.9
-1.8
-6.7d
-3.9
-1.8
-0.1
-7.7
-5.4
-4.2
-2.5
-2.9
-3.3
2.4
-0.3
-5.2
-6.1
-3.5
-6.0
-2.8
-2.6
2010
2.1
5.4
3.3
4.3
3.8
7.6
6.1
-3.0
1.8
1.9
2.4d
2.3
0.8
2.9
7.3
3.0
1.8
1.8
2.1
1.1
6.4b
3.4
-0.5
3.4
6.7
3.7
5.0
1.4
2011
0.4
4.2
2.1
1.4
2.3
1.0
3.6b
-2.4p
1.7
1.3
3.7d
0.3
0.3
4.8
5.5
-0.4
1.7
-1.5
0.8
1.3
4.4
0.1
1.9
2.4
1.0
1.3
0.5
0.9
2012
-0.2
2.6p
-1.2
1.0
-0.7
2.6
0.6
-1.1p
1.1
-0.1
1.4d
-2.5
0.1
2.5
2.0
-2.7
-1.8
0.1
-0.9
-0.4
1.5
0.1
5.7b
-1.8
1.6
-2.3
-1.0
0.4
2013
0.5
1.3p
-0.8
1.0
-0.1
0.7
-0.9
-0.6p
0.9
0.3
2.0d
0.1
0.0
0.3
2.1
1.8
1.0
0.8
1.0
-0.3
1.5
1.8
4.4
0.0
2.3
0.0
0.3
0.9
2014
0.9
1.0p
2.2
0.7
1.1
2.1
6.5
-0.2p
0.4
0.5
-2.7d
0.0
0.4
3.3
1.5
3.1
-0.6
2.9
1.5
-0.1
1.5
-0.5
2.3
2.6
1.3
-0.2
1.2
0.7
2015
0.5
3.3p
3.8
0.3
0.8
-1.2
22.5
-1.0p
0.7p
0.8p
1.1d
0.3
0.5
1.4
0.7
0.3
0.9
3.0
1.3p
0.5
2.3
0.4
5.3
1.0
1.8
0.1
3.0
0.6
2016
0.2
3.4p
1.3
0.0
0.6
1.8
2.3
-0.7p
0.7p
0.5p
2.7d
-0.3
-0.1p
2.4
0.4
0.0
-0.4
1.8
1.1p
0.2
2.3p
-0.1p
5.5p
1.2
0.9
1.4
1.6
0.4
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) For HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
79
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1821737_0081.png
Table 3.37: Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100 (10 year % change)
The Nominal unit labour cost (NULC) index is defined as the ratio of labour cost to labour productivity, where labour cost is the ratio of Compensation of employees (current prices) to the number of Employees, and labour
productivity is the ratio of Gross domestic product (at market prices in millions, chain-linked volumes reference year 2010) to total Employment. Data on employees and employment are presented according to the domestic
concept used in National accounts. The indicator is the percentage change over ten years. Input data are obtained from the official national accounts' country data, through ESA2010 transmission programme.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
15.1
123.5
36.2
27.0
-0.1
80.9
na
44.5
33.8
16.5
na
22.6
32.4
96.2
28.2
25.8
94.0
na
19.8
6.2
na
30.4
948.0
55.5
44.4
11.6
13.0
35.7
2008
19.2
65.7
31.9
30.1
2.1
97.0
43.3
43.0
38.9
20.2
na
30.0
37.2
132.8
31.8
37.9
81.2
na
22.4
10.0
na
29.1
604.8
57.5
43.1
16.7
23.8
32.7
2009
21.5
68.1
32.1
33.7
7.6
92.6
35.5
48.2
38.2
23.3
na
33.6
45.5
99.6
27.8
46.8
75.1
na
27.1
15.7
na
28.9
420.7
63.4
46.1
24.8
29.0
35.1
2010
20.2
71.5
29.4
32.2
5.7
80.6
19.7
47.5
32.7
23.0
31.9d
32.9
42.5
80.5
29.4
41.4
56.6
30.4
21.3
15.9
13.7b
22.0
223.4
53.0
31.7
22.4
20.3
33.3
2011
18.4
62.0
24.0
26.9
6.5
73.2
10.8b
42.9p
27.4
21.5
34.9d
29.6
41.8
77.5
34.9
36.0
43.2
28.7
19.0
15.6
7.9
15.1
109.7
39.2
29.3
22.2
17.8
28.2
2012
20.1
69.7p
19.7
23.9
9.0
74.6
9.9
28.3p
20.2
20.9
25.9d
26.5
39.2
88.5
35.3
38.2
39.5
32.0
17.1
18.7
13.0
8.0
117.6b
32.4
25.2
27.1
21.2
28.8
2013
21.2
78.8p
16.7
21.9
9.9
72.1
5.6
15.9p
16.1
19.8
17.4d
22.2
20.8
90.5
38.5
36.7
30.8
29.4
15.7
20.0
16.8
6.1
79.3
27.3
21.1
28.5
22.4
28.1
2014
22.2
82.7p
14.1
23.0
12.4
70.6
-1.0
11.8p
12.5
20.0
12.7d
19.5
14.2
88.3
37.4
32.0
26.7
24.2
15.9
22.4
19.2
4.5
81.2
21.5
18.9
29.6
24.7
23.6
2015
20.3
78.4p
13.9
21.5
15.0
72.6
-20.7
1.4p
10.2p
17.6p
8.7d
17.7
5.4
73.8
35.5
31.1
20.1
25.9
14.5p
23.2
17.7
1.1
43.6
20.2
16.3
28.4
23.7
22.4
2016
17.6
77.5p
17.0
20.9
19.0
64.4
-23.6
1.9p
5.9p
15.9p
4.3d
16.4
3.0p
56.6
28.0
28.4
23.2
22.1
14.7p
24.1
21.1p
2.6p
44.0p
20.6
16.1
26.4
25.0
20.4
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) PL: 2010 break in time series. Since the indicator is 10 years % change the break affects all the following years. 2) HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
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1821737_0082.png
Table 3.38: Unit labour cost performance relative to EA (10 year % change)
The relative unit labour cost (ULC) series measures the trading position of an individual country relative to its partners in the euro area and as such offers an indication about changes in its competitive position. The measure
takes into account not only changes in market exchange rates, but also variations in relative price levels based on the unit labour cost and therefore can be used as indicators of competitiveness. The data are expressed as 10
year % change.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
1.4
92.1
21.8
12.3
-17.5
54.2
24.1
26.5
17.2
1.2
29.5
7.7
13.0
69.0
7.4
5.9
73.0
4.5
8.4
-4.9
9.5
11.8
812.2
38.9
29.8
-2.8
-0.9
16.8
2008
1.9
38.2
14.8
11.3
-18.8
60.5
24.2
20.9
18.2
1.0
15.0
11.3
13.5
92.4
5.3
12.4
56.8
4.8
7.0
-4.5
3.9
6.9
492.6
36.0
24.5
-1.6
5.1
10.7
2009
0.2
34.4
10.7
10.4
-16.5
53.3
13.4
20.8
13.9
0.3
10.8
11.4
16.2
60.2
0.2
17.0
45.9
6.6
7.1
-3.2
-3.7
3.9
322.1
35.8
22.4
1.9
5.7
9.6
2010
1.3
39.6
10.9
11.6
-16.2
47.6
2.1
22.6
11.4
2.6
9.9
13.7
15.8
48.6
4.6
17.1
31.3
9.8
4.3
-1.2
-3.3
0.5
166.5
29.3
12.4
2.3
0.8
10.8
2011
0.8
33.7
6.9
8.1
-14.0
42.7
-2.0
20.0
8.3
2.7
14.6
12.5
17.2
47.3
10.0
16.2
20.7
9.5
3.7
-0.4
-7.6
-3.8
74.8
18.6
11.2
3.2
-0.3
8.0
2012
2.5
41.5
2.7
5.2
-11.1
40.7
-1.8
7.9
2.7
2.4
7.9
10.1
17.0
55.9
9.4
17.1
17.4
13.1
1.6
2.0
-3.6
-8.7
82.4
12.4
7.2
7.2
2.3
8.7
2013
4.7
52.0
0.6
4.2
-8.9
39.5
-2.7
-1.1
0.2
2.6
1.9
6.3
4.5
57.8
12.8
16.2
10.7
12.1
0.9
3.6
0.2
-9.1
52.6
8.9
4.5
9.3
4.1
8.9
2014
5.0
55.7
-2.3
4.8
-5.6
35.0
-9.2
-5.0
-3.2
2.6
-1.8
3.5
-0.7
55.2
11.7
14.4
8.4
7.1
0.4
5.4
1.7
-10.1
54.2
3.4
2.1
10.1
5.6
5.2
2015
4.0
54.3
-2.1
4.3
-1.3
41.7
-27.1
-13.8
-5.2
1.7
-3.6
2.9
-6.2
42.7
11.5
11.6
6.5
9.4
0.8
6.3
0.1
-12.2
22.7
2.7
-0.3
9.5
7.0
5.9
2016
1.5
52.1
-0.9
4.4
3.2
38.6
-28.8
-11.5
-8.4
-0.1
-5.1
0.6
-7.9
27.2
5.3
7.8
9.1
6.9
1.7
4.8
2.3
-11.2
20.3
1.7
-1.7
8.1
8.4
2.9
Source: European Commission, DG ECFIN
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1821737_0083.png
Table 3.39: House price index (2015=100) - nominal (3 year % change)
The House price index (HPI) captures price changes of all residential properties purchased by households (flats, detached houses, terraced houses, etc.), both new and existing, independently of their final use and their previous
owners. Only market prices are considered, self-build dwellings are therefore excluded. The land component is included. The data are expressed as 3 year % change of the HPI. The indicator is based on Price statistics.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
33.3e
102.0e
30.5e
49.8e
-1.4e
na
35.4e
33.0e
41.4e
36.8b
46.8e
19.5e
32.8e
162.1e
103.7e
32.5be
na
56.2e
14.5e
14.4e
na
5.8e
na
65.2e
na
22.5e
38.8e
32.4e
2008
23.5
84.8p
45.0e
20.8
-1.2
63.2
14.9
22.0e
22.7e
19.6
35.7e
13.9e
32.1
113.8e
76.7e
22.9e
na
61.1
11.7
10.1e
na
7.3be
na
54.5e
na
14.2p
27.9
13.2
2009
12.0
28.2p
29.5e
-14.3
0.0
-31.5
-19.1
3.7e
1.1
0.0
9.5e
7.2e
10.3
-13.6
-3.5
9.3e
na
28.6
2.4
9.9e
na
4.2e
na
19.8e
32.7
8.3p
17.1
-4.4
2010
7.2
-10.6p
6.6e
-14.2
3.3
-40.0
-34.9p
-6.7e
-9.6
-0.9
-8.4e
1.3be
-6.9p
-43.6
-29.3
7.7
-5.3
7.4
-4.0
11.5be
na
3.6e
na
-3.0
-1.2
8.7p
12.4
-8.0
2011
6.8
-32.4p
-5.5
-11.0
5.5
-28.0
-42.0p
-13.2e
-15.3
4.0
-10.9
-0.6e
-13.3p
-38.4
-30.8
8.0
-10.7
-4.6
-8.0
17.3e
-6.4e
-5.1
-38.2e
-6.9
-17.5
11.3p
14.0
-5.1
2012
9.7
-16.7p
-3.1
-1.7
8.2
23.0
-37.9p
-20.4e
-22.7
10.3
-7.6
-2.8e
-10.1p
1.2
-1.5
13.9
-9.2
2.7
-10.1
21.1e
-7.0e
-11.0
-23.0
-4.2
-8.0
12.3
12.0
4.6
2013
7.6
-9.3p
-1.4
-0.6
10.4
28.8
-27.3p
-25.5e
-28.5
3.2
-5.3
-7.7p
-8.5p
21.5
7.7
13.4
-9.4
1.2
-14.0
19.9
-7.6
-13.3
-17.0
-9.4
-3.3
6.9
9.4
1.5
2014
2.9
-2.7p
0.9
4.9
10.0
35.0
2.1p
-27.1e
-22.3
-4.0
-6.9
-12.4p
-8.7p
16.6
7.5
14.2
-2.2
5.2
-11.6
16.8
-6.8
-4.9
-7.3
-17.6
-0.4
3.2
16.7
11.2
2015
2.3p
2.0bp
6.5p
15.3
11.4
34.5
31.5p
-21.6e
-5.6
-4.9
-8.2
-12.2p
-7.1bp
9.5
11.7
15.5
14.8
8.1
-1.9
14.2
-2.0
5.4
0.5
-10.8
7.8
0.8
30.5
17.4
2016
3.8p
11.6p
14.2p
16.2
14.5
27.3
39.6p
-14.2e
8.7
-2.0
-3.6
-7.6p
-2.9p
11.1
16.3
16.6
33.6
14.6p
9.9
17.8
4.4
15.1
6.7
-2.8
14.0
0.3
34.4
22.4
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) e = Eurostat estimates for ES, CY, LV, LT, MT; e = NSI estimates for BG, CZ, PL, RO; e = source NCB for EL and AT.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
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1821737_0084.png
Table 3.40: Residential construction (% of GDP)
Residential Construction tracks the actual construction (not sales) of housing and is part of Gross fixed capital formation. GFCF consists of resident producers' acquisitions, less disposals, of fixed assets during a given period
plus certain additions to the value of non-produced assets realised by the productive activity of producer or institutional units. Data source from National accounts statistics, using as a denominator GDP from the ESA 2010
transmission programme.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
Flags:p:Provisional.
2007
6.3
5.0
4.1
6.5
5.1
6.1
11.1
10.8
11.7
6.7
na
5.8
12.3
7.2
2.8
4.0
4.0
7.4
6.3
4.3
3.7
5.2
2.4
4.2
2.5
6.5
4.3
3.8
2008
6.5
5.8
4.0
5.4
5.0
4.3
8.2
8.1
10.4
6.8
na
5.8
12.1
6.1
3.4
4.4
4.1
5.6
6.2
4.4
3.8
4.7
3.1
4.6
2.5
5.9
3.9
3.6
2009
6.1
4.7
3.8
4.2
5.1
3.1
4.7
6.5
8.1
6.3
na
5.6
9.8
2.4
3.3
3.5
4.1
4.3
5.6
4.3
3.4
4.1
2.9
3.8
3.0
5.2
3.3
3.0
2010
6.1
2.7
4.0
3.7
5.2
2.7
3.0
5.0
6.9
6.3
na
5.6
8.1
1.6
2.1
2.9
3.1
3.4
4.7
4.3
3.2
3.6
2.9
3.1
2.6
6.1
3.6
3.1
2011
5.8
2.2
3.7
4.3
5.6
2.7
2.3
4.6p
5.7
6.4
na
5.3
6.2
1.9
2.0
3.0
2.2
3.4
4.2
4.4
3.0
3.3
2.7
2.8
2.4
6.3
3.9
3.2
2012
5.9
1.7
3.7
4.1
5.8
2.9
1.8
3.1p
4.9
6.2
na
5.0
4.9
2.2
1.9
3.2
2.0
3.0
3.5
4.3
3.2
2.9
3.1
2.5
2.3
6.3
3.4
3.1
2013
5.7
1.7
3.2
3.7
5.8
3.4
2.0
2.2p
4.1
6.1
na
4.8
4.1
2.2
2.2
3.6
1.8
2.6
3.0
4.3
3.0
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.7
6.0
3.5
3.2
2014
5.9
1.6
3.4
3.9
5.9
3.9
2.3
1.0p
4.5
6.1
na
4.5
4.1
2.5
2.5
3.2
1.9
2.5
3.0
4.3
3.0
2.5
2.4
2.2
2.3
5.5
4.0
3.5
2015
5.8
1.4
3.6
4.0
5.7
4.4
1.9
0.7p
4.4p
5.9p
na
4.3
4.2
2.5
2.8
3.0
2.2
3.2
3.5
4.3
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.1
2.3
5.6
4.6
3.6
2016
5.9
2.7
3.7
4.4
5.9
4.8
2.1
0.6p
4.6p
6.0p
na
4.4
4.6p
2.0
3.0
3.2
2.4
3.9
4.0p
4.2
3.0
2.5p
2.5p
2.1
2.4
6.1
5.1
3.6
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
83
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1821737_0085.png
Table 3.41: Private sector debt, non-consolidated (% of GDP)
The private sector debt is the stock of liabilities held by the sectors Non-Financial corporations (S.11) and Households and Non-Profit institutions serving households (S.14_S.15). The instruments taken into account are Debt
securities (F.3) and Loans (F.4). Data are presented in non-consolidated terms, i.e. taking into account transactions within the same sector and expressed in % of GDP. The indicator is based on National accounts data.
Definitions regarding sectors and instruments are based on the ESA 2010 transmission programme.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
169.5
125.0
61.8
220.6
117.1
152.4
200.9
101.8
205.5
150.5
111.6
112.7
270.0
116.1
80.7
331.7
109.0
180.5
220.9
140.5
56.8
196.7
106.1
104.0
61.2
145.2
190.9
188.0
2008
190.5
136.8
67.6
231.4
116.3
161.6
254.8
113.4
209.3
157.4
120.3
116.3
289.5
120.7
81.9
326.7
119.4
195.9
222.2
142.7
69.7
208.2
112.9
114.6
66.1
156.6
217.9
196.9
2009
202.8
143.9
70.6
240.7
120.0
167.2
281.1
116.8
214.3
165.2
133.3
125.0
310.9
145.5
86.7
377.8
131.2
217.0
239.9
145.3
69.5
217.0
120.8
124.1
71.1
165.9
235.3
195.8
2010
189.8
142.3
72.5
232.7
114.2
152.5
281.8
128.1
215.7
165.4
143.5
125.8
320.6
151.1
78.3
342.9
129.3
218.3
240.2
147.6
72.7
215.9
74.9
125.3
69.6
170.0
222.0
189.9
2011
199.6
133.5
74.3
232.6
109.5
132.6
297.1
130.2p
214.0
171.6
142.4
125.3
327.3
131.4
68.5
348.7
130.1
227.3
242.2
145.5
76.6
220.0
73.9
125.3
73.2
169.2
226.4
183.6
2012
205.4
134.8
77.0
233.8
109.5
129.2
306.9
131.5p
206.6
175.9
142.9
127.3
330.4
119.4
65.4
371.0
118.7
221.7
240.5
143.7
76.6
231.4
72.7
124.3
74.9
172.6
228.8
184.0
2013
206.0
142.5
84.3
227.3
110.4
127.1
290.7
129.2p
197.1
174.5
143.1
124.6
341.5
110.2
62.2
375.2
111.2
214.6
235.4
146.7
78.7
220.9
67.7
118.4
79.9
177.1
232.5
176.4
2014
208.1
136.8
80.6
222.7
106.7
130.0
304.1
128.0p
186.3
180.5
140.9
122.4
353.8
104.2
58.1
384.8
108.1
210.6
234.2
142.7
81.7
208.1
63.1
107.3
85.1
183.5
234.2
167.3
2015
214.0
121.5
77.9
219.5
105.7
127.4
328.3
126.1p
174.6p
183.5p
138.2
118.2
354.7
97.5
59.1
418.7
99.5
198.0
236.0
142.3
83.4
195.8
61.2
95.5
85.9
191.0
234.4
164.8
2016
225.5
117.0
77.5
221.3
105.9
126.6
300.2
124.7p
165.8p
188.7p
130.6e
116.5
345.6p
96.9
63.3
410.1
92.5
194.8
231.3p
142.2
86.4
185.0p
57.2p
88.1
92.6
176.4
231.6
168.2
Flags:e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) LU: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014. 2) IE 2015: significant increases for IE due to re-domiciling of large
multinational corporations and movement of large parts of their balance sheets. 3) IE 2016: The decline for IE relative to 2015 predominantly reflects restructuring and re-domiciling activities of large multinational companies.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
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1821737_0086.png
Table 3.42: Financial sector leverage (debt-to-equity), non-consolidated (%)
The Financial sector leverage (debt-to-equity ratio) indicator shows the relative proportion of debt used to finance assets to shareholders' equity. It is obtained as the ratio of the sum of Currency and deposits, Debt securities,
Loans, Financial derivatives and employee stock options to Equity and investment fund shares. The indicator is based on National accounts data.
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
194.5
215.0
648.5
204.7
515.8
397.5
190.1
308.2
403.6
293.0
237.6
354.1
360.1
1007.6
774.3
59.7
117.5
48.7
218.2
204.6
211.8
216.5
510.7
447.4
998.4e
251.8
219.0
885.2
2008
238.3
431.9
759.0
316.4
758.1
433.4
276.7
1196.7
615.8
414.3
481.3
764.1
127.6
985.8
1008.0
69.8
136.4
50.1
219.2
290.2
407.9
266.0
674.2
680.5
1148.8e
451.4
372.5
1778.4
2009
203.1
385.9
642.9
248.9
602.7
463.7
231.9
954.9
572.6
338.3
483.2
694.4
147.6
831.3
783.0
55.3
136.9
50.1
172.7
237.3
339.9
267.1
560.8
666.2
1141.3e
372.0
278.0
1010.2
2010
190.2
439.5
567.4
217.5
563.2
397.9
182.9
1683.0
647.4
348.8
459.0
905.2
121.3
795.3
605.9
48.3
121.1
45.9
161.9
229.2
298.8
296.8
530.6
654.6
986.2e
408.4
237.1
963.9
2011
192.1
413.0
624.5
209.5
601.7
398.6
150.1
3047.9
707.2
454.9
491.0
1221.0
138.0
690.8
616.2
58.1
130.3
40.9
152.8
245.6
363.9
408.7
526.1
737.8
970.3e
619.8
267.7
1144.3
2012
199.4
438.4
540.6
208.5
522.1
369.5
121.0
1007.2
781.3
405.6
455.1
1237.7
102.7
684.2
617.8
60.8
120.5
39.0
138.5
220.4
307.1
388.1
433.2
740.1
841.5e
518.9
238.3
951.6
2013
192.2
450.2
532.0
190.0
422.9
299.8
99.1
849.4
601.3
372.0
486.8
941.2
90.9
609.8
578.1
56.9
124.7
38.3
127.2
204.9
273.5
364.3
432.0
594.0
745.5e
364.5
207.0
781.8
2014
189.6
429.7
498.7
170.1
397.6
313.4
84.0
1001.9
490.1
393.2
465.4
782.4
99.5
642.6
443.1
54.1
125.0
41.6
126.8
193.7
284.3
358.3
402.1
449.2
774.2e
365.2
193.6
746.6
2015
176.3
506.7
507.8
154.5
368.7
376.7
78.9
1343.4
466.3
358.6
427.7
660.4
78.2
625.4
468.3
53.5
109.3
36.8
123.1
183.2
300.9
379.1
390.7
409.7
530.6e
303.1
186.5
645.7
2016
192.6
475.6
530.0
158.9
367.2
359.1
72.3
1354.2
452.0
347.5
375.9
751.4
76.3
643.0
547.5
54.0
75.8
35.4
119.8p
191.0
321.0
394.9
406.7
399.3
571.6e
293.1
185.3
686.6
Flags:e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
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1821737_0087.png
Table 3.43: Employment rate (1 year % change)
Persons in employment are those who, during the reference week, did any work for pay or profit, or were not working but had a job from which they were temporarily absent. Anyone who receives a wage for on-the-job training
that involves the production of goods or services is also considered as being in employment. Self-employed and family workers are also included. Data present employment in resident production units irrespective of the place of
residence of the employed person (i.e. domestic scope). Employment rates represent employed persons aged 15-64, as a percentage of the same age population and it is measured in number of persons without distinction
according to full-time or part-time work. Data are sourcing from National accounts statistics.
2007
1.7
3.2
2.1
2.3
1.7
0.2
4.4
1.3
3.3
1.4
3.2p
1.2
4.4
3.8
2.0
4.4
0.1
2.2
3.0
1.8
4.5
0.0
0.4
3.4
2.1
2.1
2.3
0.8
2008
1.8
2.4
2.2
1.2
1.3
-0.2
-0.6
1.3
0.2
0.5
2.1d
0.2
3.5
-0.8
-1.3
4.8
-2.0
2.5
1.6
1.9
3.8
0.4
0.0
2.6
3.2
2.2
0.9
0.8
2009
-0.2
-1.7
-1.8
-3.2
0.1
-10.2
-7.8
-0.6
-6.3
-1.1
-0.7d
-1.7
0.0
-14.3
-7.7
1.0
-2.5
0.0
-0.9
-0.5
0.4
-2.7
-2.0
-1.8
-2.0
-2.4
-2.4
-1.6
2010
0.6
-3.9
-1.0
-2.3
0.3
-4.9
-4.1
-2.6
-1.7
0.1
-3.8d
-0.6
0.5
-6.7
-5.3
1.8
-1.1
1.7
-0.7
0.8
-2.7b
-1.4
-0.3
-2.1
-1.5
-0.7
1.0
0.2
2011
1.4
-2.2
-0.3
0.0
1.4
6.5
-0.5b
-6.9p
-2.7
0.8
-3.9d
0.3
0.0
1.5
0.5
3.0
0.0
2.9
0.9
1.6
0.6
-1.9
-0.8
-1.7
1.8
1.3
2.1
0.5
2012
0.4
-2.5p
0.4
-0.7
1.2
1.6
-0.6
-6.3p
-4.0
0.3
-3.6d
-0.3
-3.2
1.4
1.8
2.4
0.2
2.5
-0.2
1.0
0.1
-4.1
-4.8b
-0.9
0.1
0.9
0.7
1.1
2013
-0.3
-0.4p
0.3
0.0
0.6
1.2
2.5
-2.6p
-2.6
0.2
-2.6d
-1.8
-5.9
2.3
1.3
1.8
1.1
3.7
-1.2
0.3
-0.1
-2.9
-0.9
-1.1
-0.8
-0.7
1.0
1.2
2014
0.4
0.4p
0.6
1.0
0.8
0.8
1.7
0.9p
1.0
0.4
2.7d
0.1
-1.8
-1.3
2.0
2.6
4.8
5.1
-0.1
1.0
1.7
1.4
0.8
0.4
1.4
-0.5
1.4
2.4
2015
0.9
0.4p
1.4
1.3
0.9
2.9
2.5
0.7p
2.7p
0.2p
1.2d
0.7
1.5
1.4
1.3
2.6
2.4
3.9
0.9p
0.6
1.5
1.4
-1.3
1.2
2.0
-0.1
1.5
1.7
2016
1.3
0.5p
1.3
1.7
1.3
0.3
2.8
0.5p
2.5p
0.6p
0.3d
1.3
3.1p
-0.3
2.0
3.0
2.6
3.7
1.1p
1.2
0.6p
1.6p
-0.9p
1.9
2.4
0.5
1.7
1.4
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) HR d: employment growth relates to the use of national concept instead or domestic concept for employment data.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
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1821737_0088.png
Table 3.44: Young people neither in employment nor in education and training - % of total population aged 15-24
The indicator young people neither in employment nor in education and training (NEET) provides information on young people aged 15 to 24 who meet the following two conditions: (a) they are not employed (i.e. unemployed or
inactive according to the International Labour Organisation definition) and (b) they have not received any education or training in the four weeks preceding the survey. Data are expressed as a percentage of the total population in
the same age group, excluding the respondents who have not answered the question 'participation to education and training'. Data come from the quarterly EU Labour Force Survey (EU LFS).
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
Flags:b:Break in series.
2007
11.2
19.1
6.9
4.3b
8.9
8.9
10.8b
11.3
12.0
10.7
12.9
16.1
9.0
11.9
7.1
5.7b
11.5
11.5
3.5
7.4b
10.6
11.2
13.3
6.7
12.5
7.0
7.5b
11.9b
2008
10.1
17.4b
6.7
4.3
8.4b
8.7
15.0
11.4b
14.3
10.5
11.6
16.6
9.7
11.8
8.8
6.2
11.5
8.3
3.4
7.4
9.0b
10.2
11.6
6.5
11.1
7.8
7.8b
12.1b
2009
11.1
19.5
8.5
5.4
8.8
14.5b
18.6b
12.4b
18.1
12.7
13.4
17.6
9.9b
17.5
12.1
5.8b
13.6
9.9
4.1
8.2
10.1
11.2
13.9
7.5
12.5
9.9
9.6
13.2
2010
10.9
21.0b
8.8
6.0
8.3b
14.0
19.2
14.8
17.8
12.7
15.7
19.0
11.7
17.8
13.2
5.1
12.6
9.5
4.3b
7.4
10.8b
11.4
16.6b
7.1
14.1
9.0
7.7
13.6
2011
11.8b
21.8
8.3b
6.3
7.5b
11.6
18.8
17.4
18.2
12.3
16.2
19.7
14.6
16.0
11.8
4.7
13.2
10.2
4.3
7.3
11.5
12.6b
17.5
7.1
13.8b
8.4
7.5
14.2
2012
12.3
21.5
8.9
6.6
7.1
12.2
18.7
20.2
18.6
12.5
16.6
21.0
16.0
14.9
11.2
5.9
14.8
10.6
4.9
6.8
11.8
13.9
16.8
9.3
13.8
8.6
7.8
13.9
2013
12.7
21.6
9.1b
6.0
6.3
11.3
16.1
20.4
18.6
11.2b
19.6
22.2
18.7
13.0
11.1
5.0
15.5
9.9
5.6b
7.3
12.2b
14.1
17.0
9.2
13.7
9.3
7.5
13.2
2014
12.0
20.2
8.1
5.8
6.4
11.7
15.2
19.1
17.1b
11.4b
19.3
22.1
17.0
12.0
9.9
6.3
13.6
10.5
5.5
7.7
12.0
12.3
17.0
9.4
12.8
10.2
7.2
11.9
2015
12.2
19.3
7.5
6.2
6.2
10.8
14.3
17.2
15.6
12.0
18.1
21.4
15.3
10.5
9.2
6.2b
11.6b
10.4
4.7
7.5
11.0
11.3
18.1
9.5
13.7
10.6
6.7
11.1
2016
9.9
18.2
7.0
5.8b
6.7
9.1
13.0
15.8
14.6
11.9
16.9
19.9
16.0
11.2
9.4
5.4
11.0
8.5
4.6
7.7
10.5
10.6
17.4
8.0
12.3
9.9
6.5
10.9
1) ES: for 2014 - change in the classification of non-formal education activities, FR: 2014 data are further impacted from the changes in the questionnaire introduced in 2013 and inclusion of French overseas departments (DOM).
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
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1821737_0089.png
Table 3.45: People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of total population
This indicator corresponds to the percentage (of total population) of people who are: at risk of poverty or severely materially deprived or living in households with very low work intensity. Persons are only counted once even if
they are present in several sub-indicators. At risk-of-poverty are persons with an equivalised disposable income below the risk-of-poverty threshold, which is set at 60 % of the national median equivalised disposable income
(after social transfers). Material deprivation covers indicators relating to economic strain and durables. Severely materially deprived persons have living conditions severely constrained by a lack of resources, they experience at
least 4 out of 9 deprivations items. People living in households with very low work intensity are those aged 0-59 living in households where the adults (aged 18-59) work less than 20% of their total work potential during the past
year. Students are excluded. The source of the data is EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC).
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
BE
21.6
20.8
20.2
20.8
21.0
21.6
20.8
21.2
21.1
20.7
BG
60.7
44.8b
46.2
49.2
49.1
49.3
48.0
40.1b
41.3
40.4b
CZ
15.8
15.3
14.0
14.4
15.3
15.4
14.6
14.8
14.0
13.3
DK
16.8
16.3
17.6
18.3
17.6b
17.5
18.3
17.9
17.7
16.7
DE
20.6
20.1
20.0
19.7
19.9
19.6
20.3
20.6
20.0
19.7
EE
22.0
21.8
23.4
21.7
23.1
23.4
23.5
26.0b
24.2
24.4
IE
23.1
23.7
25.7
27.3
29.4
30.3
29.9
27.7
26.0
na
EL
28.3
28.1
27.6
27.7
31.0
34.6
35.7
36.0
35.7
35.6
ES
23.3
23.8b
24.7
26.1
26.7
27.2
27.3
29.2
28.6
27.9
FR
19.0
18.5b
18.5
19.2
19.3
19.1
18.1
18.5
17.7
18.2
HR
na
na
na
31.1
32.6
32.6
29.9
29.3
29.1
27.9
IT
26.0
25.5
24.9
25.0
28.1
29.9
28.5
28.3
28.7
na
CY
25.2
23.3b
23.5
24.6
24.6
27.1
27.8
27.4
28.9
27.7
LV
35.1
34.2b
37.9
38.2
40.1
36.2
35.1
32.7
30.9
28.5
LT
28.7
28.3
29.6
34.0
33.1
32.5
30.8
27.3
29.3
30.1
LU
15.9
15.5
17.8
17.1
16.8
18.4
19.0
19.0
18.5
19.7bp
HU
29.4
28.2
29.6
29.9
31.5
33.5
34.8
31.8
28.2
26.3
MT
19.7
20.1
20.3
21.2
22.1
23.1
24.0
23.8
22.4
20.1
NL
15.7
14.9
15.1
15.1
15.7
15.0
15.9
16.5
16.4
16.7b
AT
16.7
20.6b
19.1
18.9
19.2
18.5
18.8
19.2
18.3
18.0
PL
34.4
30.5b
27.8
27.8
27.2
26.7
25.8
24.7
23.4
21.9
PT
25.0
26.0
24.9
25.3
24.4
25.3
27.5
27.5
26.6
25.1
RO
47.0
44.2
43.0
41.5
40.9
43.2
41.9
40.3
37.4
38.8p
SI
17.1
18.5
17.1
18.3
19.3
19.6
20.4
20.4
19.2
18.4
SK
21.4
20.6
19.6
20.6
20.6
20.5
19.8
18.4
18.4
18.1
FI
17.4
17.4
16.9
16.9
17.9
17.2
16.0
17.3
16.8
16.6
SE
13.9
14.9
15.9
15.0
16.1
15.6
16.4
16.9
18.6b
18.3
UK
22.6
23.2
22.0
23.2
22.7
24.1b
24.8
24.1
23.5
22.2
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) Official transmission deadline for 2016 data on People at risk of poverty and social exclusion is 30 November 2017 while data were extracted on 24 October 2017.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
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Table 3.46: People at risk of poverty after social transfers - % of total population
The indicator measures persons with an equivalised disposable income below the risk-of-poverty threshold, which is set at 60 % of the national median equivalised disposable income (after social transfers) as a % of total
population. Data are expressed in percent of total population. The source of the data is EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC).
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
15.2
22.0
9.6
11.7
15.2
19.4
17.2
20.3
19.7
13.1
na
19.5
15.5
21.2
19.1
13.5
12.3
15.1
10.2
12.0
17.3
18.1
24.6
11.5
10.6
13.0
10.5
18.6
2008
14.7
21.4
9.0
11.8
15.2
19.5
15.5
20.1
19.8
12.5
na
18.9
15.9
25.9
20.9
13.4
12.4
15.3
10.5
15.2
16.9
18.5
23.6
12.3
10.9
13.6
12.2
18.7
2009
14.6
21.8
8.6
13.1
15.5
19.7
15.0
19.7
20.4
12.9
na
18.4
15.8
26.4
20.3
14.9
12.4
14.9
11.1
14.5
17.1
17.9
22.1
11.3
11.0
13.8
13.3
17.3
2010
14.6
20.7
9.0
13.3
15.6
15.8
15.2
20.1
20.7
13.3
20.6
18.7
15.6
20.9
20.5
14.5
12.3
15.5
10.3
14.7
17.6
17.9
21.6
12.7
12.0
13.1
12.9
17.1
2011
15.3
22.2
9.8
12.1
15.8
17.5
15.2
21.4
20.6
14.0
20.9
19.8
14.8
19.0
19.2
13.6
14.1
15.6
11.0
14.5
17.7
18.0
22.3
13.6
13.0
13.7
14.0
16.2
2012
15.3
21.2
9.6
12.0
16.1
17.5
16.6
23.1
20.8
14.1
20.4
19.5
14.7
19.2
18.6
15.1
14.3
15.1
10.1
14.4
17.1
17.9
22.9
13.5
13.2
13.2
14.1
16.0
2013
15.1
21.0
8.6
11.9
16.1
18.6
15.7
23.1
20.4
13.7
19.5
19.3
15.3
19.4
20.6
15.9
15.0
15.7
10.4
14.4
17.3
18.7
23.0
14.5
12.8
11.8
14.8
15.9
2014
15.5
21.8
9.7
12.1
16.7
21.8
16.4
22.1
22.2
13.3
19.4
19.4
14.4
21.2
19.1
16.4
15.0
15.9
11.6
14.1
17.0
19.5
25.1
14.5
12.6
12.8
15.1
16.8
2015
14.9
22.0
9.7
12.2
16.7
21.6
16.3
21.4
22.1
13.6
20.0
19.9
16.2
22.5
22.2
15.3
14.9
16.3
11.6
13.9
17.6
19.5
25.4
14.3
12.3
12.4
16.3b
16.6
2016
15.5
22.9b
9.7
11.9
16.5
21.7
na
21.2
22.3
13.6
19.5
na
16.1
21.8
21.9
16.5bp
14.5
16.5
12.7b
14.1
17.3
19.0
25.3p
13.9
12.7
11.6
16.2
15.9
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) Official transmission deadline for 2016 data is 30 November 2017 while data were extracted on 24 October 2017.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
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1821737_0091.png
Table 3.47: Severely materially deprived people - % of total population
Severely materially deprived persons have living conditions severely constrained by a lack of resources. They experience a lack of at least 4 out of the 9 following deprivations items: i) to pay rent or utility bills, ii) keep home
adequately warm, iii) face unexpected expenses, iv) eat meat, fish or a protein equivalent every second day, v) a week holiday away from home, vi) a car, vii) a washing machine, viii) a colour TV, or ix) a telephone. Data are
expressed in percentage of total population. The source of the data is EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC).
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
5.7
57.6
7.4
3.3
4.8
5.6
4.5
11.5
3.5
4.7
na
7.0
13.3
24.0
16.6
0.8
19.9
4.4
1.7
3.3
22.3
9.6
38.0
5.1
13.7
3.6
2.2
4.2
2008
5.6
41.2
6.8
2.0
5.5
4.9
5.5
11.2
3.6
5.4
na
7.5
9.1
19.3
12.5
0.7
17.9
4.3
1.5
5.9
17.7
9.7
32.7
6.7
11.8
3.5
1.4
4.5
2009
5.2
41.9
6.1
2.3
5.4
6.2
6.1
11.0
4.5
5.6
na
7.3
9.5
22.1
15.6
1.1
20.3
5.0
1.4
4.6
15.0
9.1
32.1
6.1
11.1
2.8
1.6
3.3u
2010
5.9
45.7
6.2
2.7
4.5
9.0
5.7
11.6
4.9
5.8
14.3
7.4
11.2
27.6
19.9
0.5
21.6
6.5
2.2
4.3
14.2
9.0
30.5
5.9
11.4
2.8
1.3
4.8
2011
5.7
43.6
6.1
2.3
5.3
8.7
7.8
15.2
4.5
5.2
15.2
11.1
11.7
31.0
19.0
1.2
23.4
6.6
2.5
4.0
13.0
8.3
29.5
6.1
10.6
3.2
1.2
5.1
2012
6.3
44.1
6.6
2.7
4.9
9.4
9.8
19.5
5.8
5.3
15.9
14.5
15.0
25.6
19.8
1.3
26.3
9.2
2.3
4.0
13.5
8.6
31.1
6.6
10.5
2.9
1.3
7.8
2013
5.1
43.0
6.6
3.6
5.4
7.6
9.9
20.3
6.2
4.9
14.7
12.3
16.1
24.0
16.0
1.8
27.8
9.5
2.5
4.2
11.9
10.9
29.8
6.7
10.2
2.5
1.4
8.3
2014
5.9
33.1
6.7
3.2
5.0
6.2
8.4
21.5
7.1
4.8
13.9
11.6
15.3
19.2
13.6
1.4
24.0
10.2
3.2
4.0
10.4
10.6
25.9
6.6
9.9
2.8
0.7
7.4
2015
5.8
34.2
5.6
3.7
4.4
4.5
7.5
22.2
6.4
4.5
13.7
11.5
15.4
16.4
13.9
2.0
19.4
8.1
2.6
3.6
8.1
9.6
22.7
5.8
9.0
2.2
1.1b
6.1
2016
5.5
31.9b
4.8
2.6
3.7
4.7
7.5e
22.4
5.8
4.4
12.5
11.9p
13.6
12.8
13.5
1.6bp
16.2
4.4
2.6b
3.0
6.7
8.4
23.8
5.4
8.2
2.2
0.8
5.2
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional. u:Low reliability.
1) Official transmission deadline for 2016 data is 30 November 2017 while data were extracted on 24 October 2017.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
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1821737_0092.png
Table 3.48: People living in households with very low work intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
People living in households with very low work intensity are people aged 0-59 living in households where the adults (aged 18-59) worked less than 20% of their total work potential during the past year. Students are excluded.
Data are expressed in percent of population aged 0-59. The source of the data is EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC).
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2007
13.8
16.0
8.6
10.1
11.5
6.2
14.3
8.1
6.8
9.6
na
10.2
3.7
6.2
6.4
5.0
11.3
9.6
9.7
8.2
10.1
7.2
9.9
7.3
6.4
8.8
6.0
10.4
2008
11.7
8.1b
7.2
8.5
11.7
5.3
13.7
7.5
6.6
8.8
na
10.4
4.5b
5.4
6.1
4.7
12.0
8.6
8.2
7.4b
8.0
6.3
8.5
6.7
5.2
7.5
5.5
10.4
2009
12.3
6.9
6.0
8.8
10.9
5.6
20.0
6.6
7.6
8.4
na
9.2
4.0
7.4
7.2
6.3
11.3
9.2
8.5
7.1
6.9
7.0
8.1
5.6
5.6
8.4
6.4
12.7
2010
12.7
8.0
6.4
10.6
11.2
9.0
22.9
7.6
10.8
9.9
13.9
10.6
4.9
12.6
9.5
5.5
11.9
9.2
8.4
7.8
7.3
8.6
7.7
7.0
7.9
9.3
6.0
13.2
2011
13.8
11.0
6.6
10.5
11.2
10.0
24.2
12.0
13.4
9.4
15.9
10.5
4.9
12.6
12.7
5.8
12.8
8.9
8.9
8.6
6.9
8.3
7.3
7.6
7.7
10.0
6.9
11.5
2012
13.9
12.5
6.8
10.2
9.9
9.1
23.4
14.2
14.3
8.4
16.8
10.6
6.5
11.7
11.4
6.1
13.5
9.0
8.9
7.7
6.9
10.1
7.9
7.5
7.2
9.3
5.7
13.0b
2013
14.0
13.0
6.9
11.9
9.9
8.4
23.9
18.2
15.7
8.1
14.8
11.3
7.9
10.0
11.0
6.6
13.6
9.0
9.3
7.8
7.2
12.2
7.6
8.0
7.6
9.0
7.1
13.2
2014
14.6
12.1
7.6
12.2
10.0
7.6b
21.0
17.2
17.1
9.6
14.7
12.1
9.7
9.6
8.8
6.1
12.8
9.8
10.2
9.1
7.3
12.2
7.2
8.7
7.1
10.0
6.4
12.3
2015
14.9
11.6
6.8
11.6
9.8
6.6
19.2
16.8
15.4
8.6
14.4
11.7
10.9
7.8
9.2
5.7
9.4
9.2
10.2
8.2
6.9
10.9
7.9
7.4
7.1
10.8
8.7b
11.9
2016
14.6
11.9b
6.7
10.6
9.6
5.8
na
17.2
14.9
8.4
13.0
na
10.6
7.2
10.2
6.6bp
8.2
7.3
9.7b
8.1
6.4
9.1
8.2
7.4
6.5
11.4
8.5
11.3
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) Official transmission deadline for 2016 data is 30 November 2017 while data were extracted on 24 October 2017.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
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1821737_0093.png
Chapter 4: Tables by Member States - Headline indicators
Table 4.1: The MIP scoreboard for Belgium
Belgium
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
2.0
33.6
0.2
-6.7
5.2
4.8
17.0
134.5
87.0
8.1
14.7
1.2
-0.3
-2.4
2008
1.0
51.8
3.4
-11.0
8.9
1.2
16.5
162.7
92.5
7.6
-4.4
0.4
-1.1
-3.5
2009
0.0
57.5
3.9
-9.0
10.0
-0.1
8.9
168.9
99.5
7.5
0.8
0.4
-0.7
1.4
2010
-0.1
65.2
0.5
-11.3
7.3
1.4
1.4
164.4
99.7
7.7
-1.4
0.6
0.2
3.6
2011
-0.1
60.9
-1.6
-7.5
5.3
1.0
21.8
177.0
102.6
7.8
5.4
-0.4
0.2
0.7
2012
0.2
51.8
-4.3
-15.2
5.4
0.3
15.3
185.5
104.3
7.7
-5.2
0.0
-0.1
-2.1
2013
-0.5
51.9
-0.2
-12.7
8.3
0.4
7.4
165.4
105.5
7.7
0.9
-0.2
-0.1
1.3
2014
-0.4
45.1
-0.6
-13.0
5.5
-1.3
-1.9
166.0
106.8
8.2
2.7
1.0
0.8
4.5
2015
-0.4
47.2
-1.6
-11.9
1.5
1.4p
12.2
178.9
106.0
8.5
2.7
0.7
1.0
2.3
2016
-0.3
51.2
-0.4
-2.3
-0.6
1.0p
13.3
190.1
105.7
8.3
1.2
0.1
0.1
-3.6
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
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1821737_0094.png
Table 4.2: The MIP scoreboard for Bulgaria
Bulgaria
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
-17.5
-39.4
9.8
45.7
16.7
18.3p
41.2
123.4
16.3
8.7
29.3
4.5
-3.1
-10.2
2008
-21.0
-48.0
18.5
35.6
25.5
17.6p
33.3
131.4
13.0
7.2
-0.8
5.7
-3.1
-9.1
2009
-18.1
-49.7
18.3
19.2
34.6
-21.0p
4.7
133.8
13.7
6.4
1.3
2.7
-2.0
-3.2
2010
-10.7
-91.9
9.7
8.1
29.5
-12.3p
3.7
132.5
15.3
7.6i
-5.4
0.4b
0.6b
7.8i
2011
-3.2
-82.8
1.9
11.3
17.7
-8.7p
1.4
124.2
15.2
9.5i
5.4
-1.9b
3.4b
13.1
2012
-0.7
-77.9
-4.0
-0.6
12.2p
-5.3p
3.0
125.0
16.7
11.3i
10.2
-0.1
3.8
13.0
2013
0.3
-73.3
-0.9
0.3
15.6p
0.4p
7.2
131.9
17.0
12.2
4.3
1.7b
2.7
6.5
2014
0.2
-75.2
-2.8
5.9
18.0p
1.5p
-1.1
123.6
27.0
12.2
5.6
3.1b
0.6
-1.2
2015
0.4
-61.2
-4.2
12.2
14.9p
1.6bp
-0.3
110.5
26.0
11.2
6.2
2.2
-1.2
-6.5
2016
1.8
-47.0
-4.7
8.2
9.5p
7.1p
4.0
104.9
29.0
9.4
11.1
0.3
-2.9
-11.2
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) Unemployment rate: i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 3) Youth unemployment rate: i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
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1821737_0095.png
Table 4.3: The MIP scoreboard for Czech Republic
Czech Republic
Thresholds
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
-3.1
-36.4
12.4
58.4
2.5
16.0e
9.3
57.4
27.5
6.8
15.5
-0.1
-1.4
-9.7
2008
-3.0
-38.1
23.2
53.1
6.8
7.7e
9.3
63.8
28.3
5.6
6.0
-0.7
-2.0
-9.4
2009
-2.9
-43.9
13.6
27.2
9.0
-4.7
0.5
65.9
33.6
5.5
2.5
-0.2
-1.9
-0.9
2010
-2.6
-46.0
12.1
11.8
6.4
-2.2
2.6
67.9
37.4
6.1
3.2
0.3
0.2
7.6
2011
-2.6
-45.2
-0.5
7.6
3.4
-1.7
2.1
68.3
39.8
6.9
4.3
0.8b
0.5b
8.2
2012
-2.4
-45.9
0.5
-4.0
3.8
-3.6
2.9
70.7
44.5
7.0
5.2
1.5
1.0
2.9
2013
-1.4
-41.4
-3.0
-9.4
4.2
-0.8
4.4
73.7
44.9
6.9
11.4
2.7
0.0
0.6
2014
-0.6
-36.6
-10.0
-5.8
4.0
1.8
1.7
71.5
42.2
6.7
5.2
3.0b
0.0
-2.2
2015
0.0
-32.9
-8.1
-1.8
0.1
3.8p
0.3
68.1
40.0
6.1
8.1
2.4
-0.6
-6.9
2016
0.5
-24.6
-3.7
2.9
2.9
6.7p
4.4
68.7
36.8
5.1
14.5
2.1
-1.3
-8.4
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Internal imbalances
Employment
indicators
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) House price index: e = NSI estimates.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
94
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1821737_0096.png
Table 4.4: The MIP scoreboard for Denmark
Denmark
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
3.0
-5.8
-1.3
-6.0
9.8
0.9
17.1
208.5
27.3
4.2i
10.2
0.0
-0.6
-0.7
2008
2.6
-5.1
2.2
-4.1
13.2
-7.8
18.8
222.3
33.3
3.7i
0.0
0.9
-0.6
-0.6
2009
2.6
0.9
5.5
-1.1
16.4
-13.0
-1.9
232.2
40.2
4.4
5.6
-0.4
-0.2
4.1
2010
4.3
12.8
0.1
-10.5
9.5
0.3
-2.9
220.6
42.6
5.6
9.7
-0.7
0.9
6.4
2011
5.5
27.8
-2.6
-13.6
3.6
-4.0
4.4
221.0
46.1
7.0
1.6
-1.4
1.3
6.2
2012
6.5
36.1
-7.8
-17.4
-0.1
-4.9
7.9
224.0
44.9
7.5
2.5
-1.6
1.5
2.3
2013
6.9
37.2
-2.5
-17.5
1.5
3.1
-3.1
216.1
44.0
7.4
1.8
-1.3
0.3
-0.9
2014
7.7
43.4
-1.2
-15.5
2.4
2.9
0.0
214.7
44.0
7.0
7.3
-1.2
-0.1
-1.6
2015
8.5
34.3
-1.6
-8.2
2.6
6.3
-6.2
207.6
39.5
6.6
-1.0
-0.1
-0.4
-3.3
2016
8.4
54.8
-1.5
-4.2
3.4
4.2
-10.4
210.7
37.7
6.3
3.3
1.9b
-0.4b
-1.0
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:b:Break in series.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) Unemployment rate: i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
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1821737_0097.png
Table 4.5: The MIP scoreboard for Germany
Germany
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
5.7
18.7
-1.5
2.1
-2.9
-3.7
2.1
110.9
63.7
9.9i
8.2
3.0e
-0.6
-1.9
2008
6.0
18.1
0.9
-4.5
-0.1
-0.4
0.5
109.7
65.1
8.7
4.6
2.1b
-2.0
-5.0
2009
6.0
25.0
2.9
-6.7
8.1
1.3
-0.9
113.0
72.6
7.8
-6.3
1.4
-2.2
-2.5
2010
5.7
25.6
-3.8
-7.7
7.5
-0.8
0.0
106.7
80.9
7.3
-1.1
1.1b
-1.6b
-2.0
2011
5.8
23.2
-4.8
-9.0
5.7
1.4
1.6
102.5
78.6
6.8
2.9
1.4b
-1.1b
-1.9
2012
6.2
28.5
-9.0
-16.2
2.7
1.9
1.3
101.8
79.8
6.1
3.3
0.9
-1.1
-3.1
2013
6.6
34.5
-1.8
-12.1
5.9
2.1
2.0
102.9
77.4
5.5
-6.2
0.9b
-1.0
-2.0
2014
7.1
40.9
-0.4
-8.6
7.0
2.2
0.5
99.4
74.6
5.2
4.5
0.4b
-0.6
-0.8
2015
7.6
48.6
-2.1
-2.5
5.6
4.1
3.0
98.7
70.9
4.9
2.9
0.4
-0.4
-0.8
2016
8.1
54.4
-2.6
2.8
5.2
5.4
3.8
99.3
68.1
4.6
5.2
0.3
-0.6
-0.7
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) Unemployment rate: i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
96
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1821737_0098.png
Table 4.6: The MIP scoreboard for Estonia
Estonia
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
-12.9
-71.3
6.5
53.9
31.8
12.2
12.3
123.0
3.7
6.2
27.9
2.7
-2.9
-13.8
2008
-12.9
-75.4
12.6
37.0
48.7
-16.6
10.5
136.7
4.5
5.3i
4.3
3.5
-2.7
-3.1i
2009
-7.1
-80.1
13.6
16.3
39.2
-37.0
-6.0
153.2
7.0
7.9i
-7.8
1.2
0.8
15.3
2010
-1.5
-71.2
4.6
9.5
13.8
2.1
-7.6
140.4
6.6
11.9i
-8.9
0.7
5.3
22.8
2011
1.9
-54.8
-0.8
24.5
-2.6
2.7
-1.1
120.4
6.1
14.2
-0.6
0.5
5.4
10.4
2012
0.4
-51.1
-3.6
7.3
0.0
3.2
6.8
117.8
9.7
13.0
10.4
0.8
1.8
-6.5
2013
0.0
-50.1
3.1
10.2
9.1
7.5
3.5
115.9
10.2
10.3
10.4
1.2
-3.8
-14.2
2014
-0.4
-46.9
4.8
20.4
14.0
13.0
5.7
118.0
10.7
8.7
13.1
0.5
-3.8
-7.4
2015
0.9
-39.8
5.9
7.9
13.5
7.1
3.0
115.2
10.0
7.4
8.7
1.9
-3.1
-7.8
2016
1.4
-37.1
4.5
-0.7
13.4
3.8
5.9
115.4
9.4
6.8
7.2
2.4
-1.7
-5.3
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) Unemployment rate: i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 3) Youth unemployment rate: i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
97
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1821737_0099.png
Table 4.7: The MIP scoreboard for Ireland
Ireland
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
-5.1
-31.4
3.0
-12.0
13.1
4.8
24.9
198.1
23.9
4.5
9.6
3.1b
-0.2b
0.4
2008
-6.3
-95.7
7.3
-16.7
16.8
-8.0
22.0
236.4
42.4
5.2
6.5
1.3
0.3
4.6
2009
-6.3
-116.5
5.1
1.9
7.8
-13.2
-4.5
256.1
61.5
7.7
3.4
-1.3b
2.1b
15.3
2010
-4.8
-114.6
-5.4
-6.2
-6.7
-11.3p
2.2
257.2
86.1
10.8
6.3
-3.2b
5.4
18.5
2011
-3.3
-139.2
-9.6
-10.1
-15.4b
-17.8p
16.3
272.7
110.3
13.5
-2.2
-2.9
6.9
15.8
2012
-2.3
-137.4
-12.2
-15.9
-11.8
-14.8p
-0.6
279.1
119.6
14.4
-1.8
-1.4b
5.5
6.4
2013
-1.0
-131.6
-3.8
-7.8
-1.9
-0.5p
-1.4
267.1
119.4
14.2
0.3
0.4
1.0
-0.8
2014
0.4
-161.0
-3.6
-12.1
-3.7
15.1p
2.5
279.4
104.5
13.0
19.5
0.6
-2.0
-5.2
2015
4.9
-195.1
-6.3
41.0
-19.5
11.0p
-3.1
306.5
76.9
11.3
9.7
0.8
-3.7
-9.5
2016
5.5
-176.2
-6.6
59.8
-20.5
6.6p
-19.0
278.1
72.8
9.5
2.5
0.7
-3.6
-9.6
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) 2015 PSD, PSCF: significant increases due to re-domiciling of large multinational corporations and movement of large parts of their balance sheets. 3) 2016 PSD, PSCF: the decline for IE relative to 2015 predominantly reflects restructuring and re-domiciling
activities of large multinational companies.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
98
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1821737_0100.png
Table 4.8: The MIP scoreboard for Greece
Greece
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
-11.8
-93.7
-0.4
9.3
11.0
2.1e
16.2
101.5
103.1
9.1
22.2
0.3b
-1.4
-3.8
2008
-13.9
-75.8
2.4
4.8
7.4
-2.5e
15.5
113.0
109.4
8.4
4.4
0.3
-1.5
-3.9
2009
-14.2
-87.5
4.8
-10.3
15.8
-4.6e
2.2
116.5
126.7
8.6
10.1
0.7b
-1.0b
0.7
2010
-12.9
-99.0
2.8
-14.2
14.0
-8.1e
5.5
128.1
146.2
10.0
8.3
1.3
1.5
10.3
2011
-11.2
-88.8
1.8
-15.7
6.8p
-7.5e
-6.5p
130.2p
172.1
13.4
-3.7
0.6
5.1
22.8
2012
-8.4
-115.9
-5.0
-24.9
-2.3p
-12.0e
-5.9p
131.5p
159.6
18.4
-2.6
0.1b
10.6
29.6
2013
-5.3
-130.4
-4.4
-25.4
-10.0p
-9.2e
-6.4p
129.1p
177.4
23.3
-17.2
-0.3
12.8
25.3
2014
-2.5
-131.9
-5.6
-18.1
-10.4p
-5.0e
-2.7p
128.0p
179.0
26.2
-8.4
0.1
10.7
7.7
2015
-1.3
-136.3
-5.6
-20.7
-9.8p
-3.5e
-3.3p
126.1p
176.8
26.3
15.6
0.3
3.7
-5.5
2016
-1.0
-139.4
-3.9
-19.0
-3.3p
-2.0e
-1.7p
124.7p
180.8
25.0
-16.6
0.7
-1.5
-11.0
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) House price index: e = source NCB.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
99
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1821737_0101.png
Table 4.9: The MIP scoreboard for Spain
Spain
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
-8.7
-79.6
2.7
-4.8
11.3
6.3
26.4
191.2
35.6
8.6
16.8
2.9
-1.8
-3.9
2008
-9.3
-80.2
5.2
-14.3
13.7
-4.8
11.7
195.7
39.5
9.3
3.8
2.7b
-0.2
4.9
2009
-7.7
-93.5
4.6
-9.0
11.8
-5.8
-1.2
201.4
52.8
12.5
3.8
2.0
2.5
19.8
2010
-5.8
-88.6
-0.3
-11.6
5.7
-3.6
0.9
200.3
60.1
16.4
-1.8
1.7
5.6
23.4
2011
-3.8
-91.9
-2.5
-8.4
-1.0
-9.8
-3.7
196.2
69.5
19.7
3.0
1.2
6.9
21.7
2012
-2.4
-89.9
-5.3
-17.9
-5.1
-16.8
-11.2
187.8
85.7
22.0
2.9
1.2
6.7
15.2
2013
-0.6
-95.2
-0.3
-10.8
-4.1
-10.0
-10.3
176.9
95.5
24.1
-10.9
0.8
5.7
14.0
2014
0.8
-97.8
-1.0
-11.9
-3.4
0.1
-7.0
165.5
100.4
25.1
-0.4
0.3
4.0
7.0
2015
1.2
-89.7
-3.1
-3.8
0.5p
3.7
-1.8p
154.6p
99.4
24.2
-1.3
0.0
0.4
-4.6
2016
1.4
-83.9
-4.3
2.2
0.4p
4.7
-1.0p
146.7p
99.0
22.1
0.9
-0.1
-3.5
-11.1
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
100
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1821737_0102.png
Table 4.10: The MIP scoreboard for France
France
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
-0.1
-8.9
-1.6
-17.0
5.7
3.5b
11.2
115.6
64.3
8.6
12.6
0.0
-0.4e
-0.9
2008
-0.4
-13.8
1.5
-18.8
6.5
-1.9
9.8
122.2
68.0
8.1
1.9
0.2
-0.8e
-2.0
2009
-0.7
-14.8
2.6
-14.4
8.2
-4.8
3.3
130.5
78.9
8.2
0.1
0.6
-0.5e
1.6
2010
-0.9
-9.3
-2.3
-17.4
7.5
3.6
4.6
131.8
81.6
8.6
3.3
0.5
0.6e
3.8
2011
-0.9
-8.7
-4.4
-15.3
5.5
4.0
6.4
135.3
85.2
9.2
6.7
0.3
1.1e
3.7
2012
-1.0
-12.8
-7.8
-18.3
4.3
-1.9
4.4
138.5
89.6
9.4
1.2
0.5
0.8e
0.8
2013
-1.0
-16.6
-2.2
-14.6
4.6
-2.6
2.1
137.7
92.4
9.8
0.4
0.9
0.5e
1.6
2014
-1.1
-15.6
-1.3
-14.2
4.6
-1.7
3.3
141.9
95.0
10.1
5.3
1.4
0.5
1.5
2015
-0.7
-15.7
-2.8
-5.6
2.2p
-1.8
4.9p
143.7p
95.8
10.3
1.7
1.0
0.5
0.3
2016
-0.7
-15.7
-3.1
-2.4
1.4p
1.0
6.2p
146.9p
96.5
10.3
4.3
0.7
0.2
-0.3
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
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1821737_0103.png
Table 4.11: The MIP scoreboard for Croatia
Croatia
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
-6.4
-89.1
1.9
12.9
7.8p
8.9e
16.8
101.3
37.7
11.5i
23.6
2.2e
-1.3
-7.5
2008
-7.6
-73.8
5.6
-5.7
10.1d
-2.6e
16.1
110.8
39.6
10.0i
-8.2
2.5e
-1.7
-8.1
2009
-7.2
-86.9
5.9
-5.2
16.1d
-8.0
2.6
119.1
49.0
9.3
5.0
2.6e
-1.3
-3.5
2010
-5.2
-94.0
1.8
-13.1
11.8d
-7.7
4.9
125.3
58.2
9.9
3.1
-0.6
0.6
6.9
2011
-2.4
-91.5
-4.7
-16.0
6.3d
-2.1
-2.3
122.8
65.0
11.6
2.6
-1.7
3.1
13.0
2012
-0.7
-90.6
-8.4
-23.8
-1.6d
-4.6
-3.0
120.0
70.6
13.8
1.0
-1.7
5.1
16.8
2013
0.0
-88.5
-3.9
-23.0
-3.9d
-5.8
-0.6
117.9
81.7
15.6
3.2
-1.4
4.4
17.6
2014
0.9
-85.4
-0.9
-19.9
-6.4d
-1.1
0.1
118.1
85.8
16.8
0.2
2.0
1.7
8.3
2015
2.5
-76.5
0.2
-5.8
-6.1d
-2.4
-1.4
113.2
85.4
16.9
2.1
3.0
0.0
0.1
2016
2.9
-70.1
0.1
8.1
-5.9d
2.1
-0.1e
106.1e
82.9
15.6
2.5
1.9
-4.4
-18.1
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) House price index: e= source NCB. 3) Unemployment rate: i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 4) NULC d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
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1821737_0104.png
Table 4.12: The MIP scoreboard for Italy
Italy
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
-1.3
-21.2
-1.2
-8.9
6.5
2.6e
12.0
109.7
99.8
6.9
0.6
-0.4b
-0.9
-3.1
2008
-1.9
-21.7
1.9
-15.9
8.5
-0.5e
6.6
113.9
102.4
6.5
-0.8
0.4
-0.7
-2.9
2009
-2.0
-22.3
3.6
-17.9
11.1
-0.1e
0.8
122.5
112.5
6.8
5.0
-0.3
0.1
3.5
2010
-2.7
-20.2
-2.0
-18.9
8.9
-2.2be
5.0
123.3
115.4
7.6
4.2
-0.4
1.1
7.5
2011
-2.8
-18.3
-3.2
-19.2
5.3
-2.1p
3.1
122.7
116.5
8.2
5.0
-0.8
1.3
8.0
2012
-2.2
-22.2
-6.2
-25.3
2.1
-5.4p
-0.8
125.1
123.4
9.2
7.3
1.2
2.2
10.0
2013
-0.8
-22.7
0.1
-19.9
2.9
-6.9p
-3.0
121.6
129.0
10.4
-2.6
1.4
2.9
12.1
2014
0.9
-21.2
0.2
-14.9
2.3
-4.6p
-0.5
119.0
131.8
11.8
0.5
1.8
3.4
13.5
2015
1.5
-19.7
-2.4
-8.9
1.6
-2.7p
-1.3
115.3
131.5
12.2
1.5
0.5
1.3
5.0
2016
2.1
-9.8
-3.4
-2.8
1.9
-0.8p
0.6
113.6
132.0
12.1
3.2
1.5
-0.2
-2.2
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) House price index: e = source NCB.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
103
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1821737_0105.png
Table 4.13: The MIP scoreboard for Cyprus
Cyprus
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
-8.6
-56.5
-1.3
-18.7e
9.8
8.0
30.4
265.5
53.5
4.6
27.2
1.3e
-0.6
0.0
2008
-11.8
-79.1
2.3
-25.3e
6.1
0.6
29.8
285.0
45.1
4.1
115.7
1.2
-0.8
-4.9
2009
-11.7
-100.3
3.6
-9.1e
12.4
-6.7
13.3
306.0
53.8
4.3
11.7
0.0b
-0.3b
3.8
2010
-11.5
-111.2
-0.1
-15.8e
10.6
-7.7p
15.1
315.6
56.3
5.1
8.4
-0.3
0.6
6.4
2011
-7.7
-129.9
-3.0
-11.4e
9.4
-4.5p
13.0
321.6
65.7
6.5
-6.1
-0.1
1.1
13.4
2012
-7.1
-129.1
-5.9
-21.7e
3.2
-5.3p
16.5
328.1
79.7
8.7
6.3
0.5b
3.0
13.9
2013
-5.0
-138.7
-0.8
-14.9
-2.1
-4.1p
-13.3
340.1
102.6
11.9
-15.3
0.0
4.8
22.3
2014
-5.1
-147.0
-1.7
-23.8
-7.6
-1.3p
-0.3
352.5
107.5
14.6
-3.7
0.8
6.1
13.6
2015
-3.6
-145.0
-6.1
-11.9
-10.6
0.3bp
4.1
353.5
107.5
15.7
11.1
0.4
3.2
5.1
2016
-3.6
-127.8
-6.5
-3.0
-6.2p
1.6
10.2p
344.6p
107.1
14.7
0.7
-0.2
-0.3
-9.8
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
104
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1821737_0106.png
Table 4.14: The MIP scoreboard for Latvia
Latvia
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
-17.7
-69.0
7.7
95.6
69.7
22.0
29.5
102.6
8.0
7.7
36.7
3.3
-3.4
-9.4
2008
-17.9
-74.2
20.8
76.8
78.3
-10.9
9.1
104.5
18.2
6.9
9.0
5.1
-2.6
-1.5
2009
-8.4
-82.7
23.5
52.6
37.2
-34.9
-8.6
125.4
35.8
10.4
-9.2
2.5
2.1
19.7
2010
-0.8
-82.9
6.7
21.8
-2.2
-8.7
2.5
134.0
46.8
14.9
-0.3
0.4
7.2
25.6
2011
2.2
-74.4
-2.4
26.8
-21.0
4.1
-2.0
115.3
42.7
17.7
-4.1
-1.4
6.9
17.4
2012
-1.6
-67.2
-8.6
8.4
-6.9
-0.4
-2.1
97.9
41.2
16.9
5.2
0.9
3.3
-4.8
2013
-3.2
-66.3
-1.6
6.3
7.9
6.5
0.9
92.4
39.0
14.4
5.2
1.0
-3.1
-13.0
2014
-2.7
-65.9
0.4
11.5
16.1
4.3
-11.8
96.0
40.9
12.6
10.4
1.8
-4.2
-11.4
2015
-1.6
-63.8
2.7
12.9
17.5
-2.4
0.7
88.8
36.9
10.9
12.2
1.3
-3.3
-12.2
2016
-0.3
-58.9
4.9
9.3
16.5
7.4
0.3
88.3
40.6
10.1
5.8
2.3
-1.7
-5.9
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
105
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1821737_0107.png
Table 4.15: The MIP scoreboard for Lithuania
Lithuania
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
-11.2
-54.6
0.9
30.5e
25.0
19.3
22.8
74.7
15.9
6.1
34.6
-1.3
-4.2u
-13.4
2008
-13.3
-51.5
8.9
43.1e
28.8
-1.8
10.3
76.7
14.6
5.3
4.2
-0.3
-3.1u
-2.5
2009
-9.2
-58.4
16.7
30.8
13.0
-32.8
-9.4
83.3
28.0
8.0
-4.7
2.0
0.7
19.6
2010
-4.5
-55.9
7.2
19.1
0.3
-8.6
-5.9
74.5
36.2
12.5
0.3
2.3
6.0
27.3
2011
-1.5
-52.5
1.7
29.7
-7.8
2.4
-2.2
64.7
37.2
15.7
2.5
3.0
6.7
19.3
2012
-2.4
-53.4
-6.7
32.9
-4.2
-3.2
0.3
61.1
39.8
15.5
-1.0
2.2
3.3
-2.9
2013
-1.7
-47.0
-0.6
19.8
6.2
0.2
-1.3
56.3
38.8
13.5
-1.4
2.2
-2.3
-13.8
2014
0.9
-45.1
1.7
34.2
8.7
6.3
0.3
53.9
40.5
12.0
16.2
2.3
-3.2
-13.3
2015
0.4
-43.9
4.3
15.3
11.7
4.6
1.9
54.7
42.6
10.5
7.0
2.3
-2.7
-10.4
2016
-0.3
-43.2
5.4
5.4
14.7
4.5
4.3
56.2
40.1
9.2
16.3
3.1
-2.1
-7.4
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:e:Estimated. u:Low reliability.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
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1821737_0108.png
Table 4.16: The MIP scoreboard for Luxembourg
Luxembourg
Thresholds
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
10.2
-18.2
2.4
25.6
6.8
4.7be
148.8
309.6
7.7
4.5i
13.7
1.1b
0.1b
-0.8
2008
9.1
16.3
3.4
15.7
12.6
0.2
-5.5
296.1
14.9
4.6i
-6.4
0.2
0.4
2.7
2009
8.2
-28.9
3.8
11.9
17.6
-0.6
8.6
326.5
15.7
4.7
6.3
2.0b
-0.2b
1.0
2010
7.1
-20.4
1.2
3.4
16.0
4.2
-23.6
277.9
19.8
4.9
11.6
1.3b
0.1
0.2
2011
6.6
28.9
0.1
-3.7
8.8
0.5
20.0
277.0
18.7
4.8
11.0
1.1
-0.2
-0.9
2012
6.1
49.5
-2.4
-9.8
5.9
2.2
24.7
295.5
22.0
4.8
13.2
0.7b
0.4
1.5
2013
5.7
51.5
0.8
3.9
7.6
3.3
27.3
305.0
23.7
5.3
10.4
1.7
0.5
1.1
2014
5.4
31.9
0.5
11.8
4.2
3.9
24.7
313.0
22.7
5.7
33.1
2.9
0.2
5.9
2015
5.2
37.7
-0.5
24.3
2.3
5.3
47.0
348.6
22.0
6.1
12.2
1.5b
0.3b
-1.4
2016
5.0
34.7
-1.5
26.2
2.5
5.9
1.5
343.6
20.8
6.3
7.5
0.1
0.4
2.2
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Internal imbalances
Employment
indicators
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:b:Break in series.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) International investment position has been revised downwards in 2015 following the revised treatment of Euro banknotes in national Balance of payments/International investment position statistics. 3) House price index: e = source NSI&NCB estimates. 4)
Unemployment rate: i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 5) Private sector debt, private sector credit flow: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
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1821737_0109.png
Table 4.17: The MIP scoreboard for Hungary
Hungary
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
-7.0
-88.1
6.5
28.7
10.0
na
15.9
93.7
65.0
7.4
23.7
1.1
0.8
2.6
2008
-7.0
-101.7
7.9
25.3
11.3
-3.1
12.6
105.0
71.0
7.6i
26.1
-0.1
0.4
0.1i
2009
-4.9
-115.0
7.7
12.9
12.6
-9.0
6.0
116.4
77.2
8.4i
1.9
-0.8
0.8
7.3
2010
-2.5
-108.3
-1.3
3.5
6.9
-5.9
-4.2
114.9
79.7
9.7i
-0.3
0.3
2.0
8.3
2011
0.1
-105.7
-4.2
-2.2
4.3
-6.9
-4.4
114.4
79.9
10.7
6.3
1.2
1.6
6.5
2012
0.9
-93.6
-0.8
-21.0
5.0
-9.2
-6.1
101.6
77.6
11.1
-5.8
2.5
0.8
1.8
2013
2.1
-83.1
-3.8
-22.5
6.2
-4.3
-0.9
95.1
76.0
10.7
-1.2
2.8
-0.6
0.2
2014
2.3
-80.3
-6.8
-16.3
5.9
3.3
-0.1
91.2
75.2
9.6
8.6
4.6
-1.5
-5.6
2015
2.9
-67.8
-7.1
-7.8
-0.2
13.3
-2.6
84.3
74.7
8.2
0.6
4.9
-1.9
-10.9
2016
3.6
-65.0
-5.0
-0.4
3.3
13.6
-3.6
77.0
73.9
6.5
19.5
5.4
-2.5
-13.7
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) Unemployment rate: i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 3) Youth unemployment rate: i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
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1821737_0110.png
Table 4.18: The MIP scoreboard for Malta
Malta
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
-5.0
21.4
1.2
na
4.9
19.6
7.8
146.7
62.3
6.7
44.0
0.6
-0.7
-3.1
2008
-3.2
4.2
5.9
10.9
9.5
7.1
13.4
153.3
62.6
6.4
13.2
1.5b
-0.8
-4.4
2009
-3.2
12.6
5.9
45.8
11.2
-6.2
12.7
168.1
67.6
6.5
4.3
1.5
0.2
-1.0
2010
-4.1
12.1
-0.8
38.0
9.2
-1.1
7.5
162.4
67.5
6.6
12.4
1.6
0.4
-0.3
2011
-3.8
6.3
-5.0
17.8
11.0
-3.4
5.4
159.8
70.1
6.7
11.0
2.7
0.4
1.6
2012
-1.1
19.6
-7.6
12.7
8.7
0.7
-0.7
153.3
67.8
6.5
6.1
3.7
0.2
-0.4
2013
1.4
27.0
-1.2
-0.2
9.8
-1.6
2.7
143.9
68.4
6.4
1.6
4.6
-0.2
-0.2
2014
4.4
43.3
0.1
-12.1
3.4
2.5
3.9
135.9
63.8
6.2
6.4
4.5
-0.3
-1.6
2015
5.3
52.2
-2.7
-2.0
0.1
5.1
2.8
125.8
60.3
5.9
1.3
4.5
-0.7
-2.3
2016
6.7
47.6
-2.5
8.7
-0.1
4.8p
11.1
128.4
57.6
5.3
1.7
4.1
-1.0
-2.0
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
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1821737_0111.png
Table 4.19: The MIP scoreboard for Netherlands
Netherlands
Thresholds
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
7.8
-15.0
-2.1
-2.5
2.3
2.4
12.9
214.9
42.7
5.0
14.9
1.9
-0.3
-2.0
2008
7.1
-8.1
-0.1
-6.1
6.6
0.0
9.7
216.3
54.7
4.3
3.8
2.4
-1.0
-3.2
2009
5.8
1.4
2.7
-5.4
12.1
-3.4
8.6
228.8
56.8
4.1
8.2
2.3
-0.9
0.2
2010
5.9
11.2
-1.6
-8.1
7.6
-2.7
1.7
225.8
59.3
4.4
5.9
-0.3b
0.0b
1.7
2011
7.1
20.4
-2.4
-8.2
4.8
-4.0
4.2
225.0
61.6
4.8
9.0
-1.2b
0.7b
1.4
2012
8.7
27.0
-6.0
-12.4
2.3
-8.1
2.0
225.9
66.3
5.3
5.0
-0.7
1.1
1.5
2013
9.6
31.0
0.5
-11.0
5.2
-8.2
1.5
223.4
67.8
6.0
-1.1
1.2b
1.3
2.1
2014
9.6
48.7
0.7
-11.0
4.2
0.0
-1.8
225.7
68.0
6.8
7.7
0.9b
1.3
2.7
2015
9.0
55.1
-0.8
-6.4
-0.4p
3.4
-0.8p
225.1
64.6
7.2
3.6
0.6
1.1
-0.4
2016
8.8
69.1
-2.3
0.1
-1.1p
4.4
1.5p
221.5p
61.8
6.8
5.3p
0.3
0.0
-2.4
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Internal imbalances
Employment
indicators
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
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1821737_0112.png
Table 4.20: The MIP scoreboard for Austria
Austria
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
3.1
-9.7
-1.8
1.6
3.5
2.1e
7.3
123.9
64.7
5.3
11.0
3.1b
-0.2b
-1.1
2008
3.9
-10.0
-0.1
-4.5
6.3
-1.1e
5.4
126.7
68.4
4.8
10.9
2.5
-0.4
-2.5
2009
3.6
-5.0
2.0
-6.1
10.2
3.6e
1.3
131.9
79.6
4.8
-2.0
1.9
-0.3
0.9
2010
3.3
-5.2
-2.1
-12.5
9.0
4.4be
0.3
132.3
82.4
4.7
-1.9
0.9b
-0.1
0.1
2011
2.4
-1.9
-1.8
-12.3
5.8
2.9
3.0
129.4
82.2
4.9
1.5
0.7
0.2
0.4
2012
2.0
-3.2
-4.7
-21.4
3.8
4.9
1.2
128.2
81.7
4.8
0.4
0.8
0.0
-1.3
2013
1.7
1.3
0.7
-18.1
6.4
3.0
1.0
127.1
81.0
5.0
-3.2
1.1
0.1
0.2
2014
2.0
3.4
1.9
-15.4
7.8
1.4
0.9
124.9
83.8
5.3
-0.8
0.8
0.3
1.4
2015
2.1
2.5
1.5
-9.0
6.2
3.4
2.3
123.9
84.3
5.6
-0.1
0.4
0.5
1.2
2016
2.2
5.6
1.0
-4.0
5.8
7.2
3.2
124.0
83.6
5.8
-2.4
0.7
0.6
1.5
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:b:Break in series.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) House price index: e = source NCB.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
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1821737_0113.png
Table 4.21: The MIP scoreboard for Poland
Poland
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
-4.3
-49.2
16.3
55.7e
3.2
na
12.5
54.4
44.2
13.8
18.4
-0.8b
-5.4
-18.0
2008
-5.7
-55.6
13.9
51.4e
10.5
na
14.2
67.3
46.3
10.2
6.8
-0.6
-7.9
-19.7
2009
-5.7
-57.3
-4.1
34.4
12.3
-5.4e
4.4
67.1
49.4
8.3i
9.0
1.3
-5.3
-9.2i
2010
-5.3
-65.1
-1.3
24.8
11.3b
-6.0e
4.3
69.7
53.1
8.3i
13.6
2.1b
-1.9b
2.1
2011
-4.8
-62.4
-11.5
15.3
4.2
-4.6
6.7
73.9
54.1
9.2i
4.8
1.9
1.2
8.6
2012
-4.8
-65.3
1.4
1.9
5.3
-6.6
4.8
73.4
53.7
9.8
10.7
1.8
1.6
5.9
2013
-3.4
-68.9
-4.3
0.2
3.1
-4.8
3.3
75.4
55.7
10.0
7.4
1.7b
1.4
3.6
2014
-2.4
-69.1
-1.0
5.2
2.9
1.2
4.6
78.1
50.2
9.8
0.7
2.2
0.2
-1.9
2015
-1.3
-62.1
-1.3
9.6
0.3
2.6
3.5
78.9
51.1
8.9
2.4
1.6
-1.1
-5.7
2016
-1.0
-60.7
-5.0
18.1
2.1p
2.5
4.7
81.6
54.1
7.6
8.9
1.8
-2.2
-9.6
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) House price index: e = NSI estimates. 3) Unit labour cost: 2010 break in time series. Since the indicator is a three year % change the break affects the series until the 2012 figure. 4) Unemployment rate: i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population
Census results. 5) Youth unemployment rate: i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
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1821737_0114.png
Table 4.22: The MIP scoreboard for Portugal
Portugal
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
-10.1
-88.8
0.6
-3.3
5.1
-1.9e
18.2
185.0
68.4
8.9
10.2
1.2
0.8
1.7
2008
-10.8
-95.1
2.1
-11.1
4.5
0.9be
15.9
196.2
71.7
8.9
4.4
0.7
-0.1
0.8
2009
-10.8
-107.9
1.1
-8.1
6.6
1.0
5.3
204.2
83.6
9.5
8.9
-0.2
0.3
4.1
2010
-10.9
-104.3
-3.1
-6.8
4.2
-1.0
5.3
201.5
96.2
10.5
11.5
-0.2
1.9
6.8
2011
-8.9
-100.7
-3.0
-8.5
-0.6
-6.4
-0.9
204.1
111.4
11.9
-4.5
-0.3b
2.6b
8.6
2012
-6.0
-116.5
-4.0
-16.3
-6.3
-8.8
-3.9
210.3
126.2
13.6
-3.0
0.0
3.5
12.7
2013
-2.1
-116.3
-0.6
-7.1
-3.4
-2.7
-1.6
202.4
129.0
15.0
-5.4
-0.7
3.6
9.9
2014
0.0
-117.5
-1.8
-5.7
-2.7
3.9
-5.0
190.8
130.6
15.4
-7.5
-0.4b
2.2
4.5
2015
0.6
-112.0
-3.0
2.5
0.5
2.1
-1.8
179.7
128.8
14.4
-1.8
0.0
-0.5
-6.0
2016
0.3
-104.7
-1.9
5.8
0.9p
6.1
-2.2p
171.4p
130.1
12.6
-0.2
0.7
-3.1
-9.9
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) House price index: e = source NCB.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
113
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1821737_0115.png
Table 4.23: The MIP scoreboard for Romania
Romania
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
-10.9
-46.9
36.0
84.2
39.3
na
20.3
57.8
12.7
6.9
35.3
0.0
-1.6
-1.2
2008
-12.0
-52.5
9.4
91.9
39.1
na
13.1
65.5
13.2
6.4
14.0
0.6
-1.6
-1.5
2009
-10.2
-62.0
-4.9
69.4
37.0
-27.1e
-1.7
71.9
23.2
6.2
16.0
-0.5
-1.9
-0.2
2010
-7.2
-63.4
-10.9
53.5
28.8
-13.9
0.9
73.9
30.2
6.4
5.0
1.9b
-0.8b
2.8
2011
-4.9
-65.4
-3.2
50.2
-0.5
-15.8
2.8
72.9
34.4
6.9
4.6
1.2
0.5
6.3
2012
-4.9
-67.4
-2.0
12.8
-0.2b
-9.2
0.3
71.9
37.3
7.0
4.4
1.7
0.8
2.6
2013
-3.6
-62.6
0.4
14.2
-3.2
-2.8
-1.4
66.6
37.8
7.0
0.8
0.0b
0.8
1.6
2014
-2.2
-57.3
-1.0
20.7
7.3
-3.2
-2.4
62.1
39.4
6.9
1.3
1.6
-0.1
0.1
2015
-1.0
-54.6
2.7
20.9
0.3
1.9
0.2
59.1
37.9
6.9
4.0
1.3
0.0
-0.9
2016
-1.3
-49.9
-2.5
23.6
6.0p
6.5
0.6p
55.8p
37.6
6.5
7.6
0.7
-0.2
-3.1
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) House price index: e = NSI estimates.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
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1821737_0116.png
Table 4.24: The MIP scoreboard for Slovenia
Slovenia
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
-2.6
-25.5
-1.2
23.6
5.4
18.7e
21.5
96.3
22.8
5.8
28.6
1.5
-1.1
-6.0
2008
-3.8
-39.4
2.2
16.3
10.6
1.3
15.5
105.6
21.8
5.1
6.6
1.1
-1.2
-5.5
2009
-3.3
-43.6
5.2
9.6
18.5
-10.2
2.9
113.5
34.6
5.1
7.7
0.9
-1.1
-0.3
2010
-2.0
-47.2
1.2
-1.5
16.1
-1.2
1.9
115.1
38.4
5.9
-3.4
0.2
1.0
4.6
2011
-0.2
-45.2
-1.1
-5.7
8.3
0.9
0.4
113.0
46.6
7.1
-1.2
-1.5
1.7
5.3
2012
0.7
-50.1
-4.5
-20.6
0.6
-8.5
-2.9
112.3
53.8
8.1
-0.7
-1.4
2.5
7.0
2013
2.2
-47.2
-0.6
-18.0
0.5
-7.2
-4.0
107.2
70.4
9.1
-10.3
-1.0
2.0
6.9
2014
4.1
-45.8
1.2
-12.5
0.0
-6.5
-4.7
97.4
80.3
9.6
-0.2
0.6
1.7
4.5
2015
4.9
-39.8
0.4
-4.2
-0.4
1.4
-5.0
86.9
82.6
9.6
-3.7
1.4
0.4
-4.3
2016
5.1
-36.9
-0.5
4.0
0.7
3.6
-0.8
80.5
78.5
8.9
3.2
1.1
-0.9
-6.4
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) House price index: e = NSI estimates.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
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1821737_0117.png
Table 4.25: The MIP scoreboard for Slovakia
Slovakia
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
-8.7
-56.4
18.0
67.6e
5.7
25.7
9.6
60.4
30.1
13.7
25.7
-1.4
-3.5
-12.8
2008
-7.3
-58.1
25.0
31.9e
6.0
12.9
10.9
64.9
28.5
11.4
10.5
-0.1
-5.1
-11.1
2009
-5.3
-66.5
27.1
9.5
10.9
-12.7
3.0
69.2
36.3
11.0
-4.7
-0.2
-3.7
0.6
2010
-4.9
-61.9
11.0
4.0
9.5
-4.9
2.9
67.4
41.2
12.1
1.6
0.4
0.9
13.3
2011
-4.4
-64.4
3.4
-2.6
6.1
-5.2
3.0
70.2
43.7
13.4i
0.3
-0.1b
2.6b
14.4i
2012
-2.9
-61.4
-3.2
-9.9
0.8
-6.0
3.4
77.9
52.2
14.1i
0.7
1.0
2.9
6.4
2013
-0.7
-62.3
2.1
-3.7
2.2
-0.4
5.2
82.9
54.7
14.0i
1.7
1.2
0.8
-0.2
2014
1.3
-63.6
1.2
2.3
1.8
1.5
5.1
87.8
53.5
13.8
8.7
1.6b
0.1
-4.0
2015
0.4
-64.6
-1.1
4.5
2.4
5.5
7.7
88.1
52.3
13.0
10.8
1.5
-1.8
-7.5
2016
-0.7
-62.4
-1.6
7.3
3.5
7.0
9.2
94.7
51.8
11.5
8.5
2.0
-4.2
-11.5
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) Unemployment rate: i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 3) Youth unemployment rate: i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
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1821737_0118.png
Table 4.26: The MIP scoreboard for Finland
Finland
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
3.6
-27.9
-4.9
-4.6
3.8
3.9p
13.2
123.6
34.0
7.7
10.2
1.4
-0.6
-4.2
2008
3.3
-4.6
-0.3
-4.3
7.5
-2.4p
16.7
132.7
32.7
7.0
16.8
1.3
-0.9
-3.6
2009
2.7
3.2
5.0
-12.9
15.2
-0.4p
0.8
142.8
41.7
7.2
7.8
-0.2
-0.5
2.8
2010
1.8
16.5
-1.3
-19.4
13.2
4.8
7.3
148.9
47.1
7.7
19.8
-1.1
0.5
4.9
2011
0.5
15.1
-2.8
-23.6
9.4
0.0
3.6
145.4
48.5
8.1
28.7
-1.1
0.5
3.6
2012
-0.8
11.7
-8.3
-31.0
6.0
-0.4
7.4
148.6
53.9
8.0
-1.1
0.2
0.2
-2.5
2013
-1.8
3.9
0.2
-31.0
9.1
-1.3
2.8
147.7
56.5
7.9
-11.7
0.7
-0.3
-1.5
2014
-1.6
-3.2
2.7
-26.1
7.8
-1.6
1.5
149.6
60.2
8.2
8.9
0.5
0.2
0.4
2015
-1.3
-6.1
2.2
-21.1
3.9
-0.3
6.9
152.9
63.6
8.8
1.2
0.6
0.7
3.4
2016
-1.2
-2.3
0.5
-14.1
2.1
-0.3
2.2
149.3
63.1
9.0
4.5
0.7
0.6
0.2
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
117
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1821737_0119.png
Table 4.27: The MIP scoreboard for Sweden
Sweden
Thresholds
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
7.5
1.2
-4.1
1.4
4.9
10.9
20.1
167.9
39.3
7.0
9.5
1.9
-0.5
-1.2
2008
8.1
-7.9
-2.2
-6.8
9.8
-2.0
18.7
189.1
37.8
6.5
12.0
1.1b
-0.3
-2.4
2009
7.3
-7.2
-8.5
-15.9
15.9
0.8
5.9
201.5
41.4
6.9
3.5
0.1
0.1
3.5
2010
6.6
-5.6
-3.3
-12.7
8.3
6.4
5.3
189.1
38.6
7.7
2.7
0.0
0.8
5.6
2011
5.8
-8.0
3.2
-12.1
5.6
0.8
6.9
190.8
37.9
8.2
3.0
0.6
0.7
2.6
2012
5.7
-14.6
10.2
-19.1
4.0
0.7
2.4
192.3
38.1
8.1
5.4
1.4
0.4
-1.3
2013
5.5
-12.5
5.1
-16.9
8.6
4.7
4.5
194.5
40.8
7.9
9.0
2.0
-0.2
-1.2
2014
5.2
1.2
-3.7
-9.2
6.9
8.3
4.8
193.9
45.5
8.0
13.0
1.6
-0.1
0.1
2015
4.9
4.6
-8.2
-9.1
2.4
12.1
7.5
188.4
44.2
7.8
2.4
1.4
0.0
-3.3
2016
4.6
11.2
-9.2
-7.9
2.0
7.6
7.6
188.5
42.2
7.4
9.0
1.0
-0.1
-4.7
Internal imbalances
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Employment
indicators
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:b:Break in series.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
118
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1821737_0120.png
Table 4.28: The MIP scoreboard for United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Thresholds
3 year average
% of GDP
3 year % change
5 year % change
3 year % change
1 year % change
% of GDP
% of GDP
% of GDP
3 year average
1 year % change
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
3 year change in pp
-4%/6%
-35%
±5% (EA)
±11% (Non-EA)
-6%
9% (EA)
12% (Non-EA)
6%
14%
133%
60%
10%
16.5%
-0.2 pp
0.5 pp
2 pp
2007
-3.0
-8.0
-0.4
-15.0
10.0
7.8
18.4
183.8
41.9
5.2
16.8
0.2b
0.3
2.3
2008
-3.9
9.7
-11.5
-22.6
10.4
-8.2
12.6
190.7
49.9
5.4
46.9
0.4b
0.4
2.2
2009
-4.1
-15.9
-19.9
-20.0
11.1
-9.7
-3.8
192.0
64.1
6.2
-17.0
0.0
0.7
5.2
2010
-4.1
-7.9
-20.5
-23.6
8.9
4.0
-0.6
185.1
75.6
7.0
7.3
-0.1b
1.2
5.6
2011
-3.4
-11.7
-8.0
-25.7
7.1
-5.0
1.7
179.6
81.3
7.8
10.4
-0.3b
1.3
6.3
2012
-3.5
-29.0
5.9
-20.9
3.2
-1.7
1.8
179.6
84.5
7.9
-3.6
0.4
0.8
2.1
2013
-4.1
-18.5
3.4
-12.0
3.4
0.3
6.9
173.7
85.6
7.8
-7.7
1.0
0.2
0.8
2014
-5.0
-22.3
10.1
-8.9
3.1
6.0
6.8
166.8
87.4
7.2
4.7
1.2
-0.5
-4.3
2015
-5.4
-18.4
10.8
2.2
2.2
5.3
3.5
164.7
88.2
6.3
-8.8
0.8
-1.1
-6.6
2016
-5.5
-1.1
0.2
-0.1
3.1
5.5
8.2
168.1
88.3
5.4
11.6
0.9
-1.4
-7.7
External imbalances and
competitiveness
Internal imbalances
Employment
indicators
Current account balance, % of GDP
Net international investment position
Real effective exchange rate - 42 trading partners,
HICP deflator
Export market share - % of world exports
Nominal unit labour cost index (2010=100)
House price index (2015=100), deflated
Private sector credit flow, consolidated
Private sector debt, consolidated
General government gross debt
Unemployment rate
Total financial sector liabilities, non-consolidated
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Flags:b:Break in series.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
119
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Chapter 5: Tables by Member States - Auxiliary indicators used in the economic reading of the MIP scoreboard
Table 5.1: Auxiliary indicators for Belgium
Belgium
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
Flags:e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
2007
3.4
23.2
1.8
1.6
-45.3
19.8
154.6
-3.6
0.4
2.4
-2.5
-2.2
1.8
15.1
1.4
33.3e
6.3
169.5
194.5
2008
0.8
24.0
1.9
-1.5
-85.7
38.4
192.0
-5.3
1.2
-0.9
-4.7
-1.2
-1.0
19.2
1.9
23.5
6.5
190.5
238.3
2009
-2.3
22.6
2.0
-1.3
-105.2
17.0
208.2
-3.2
0.6
-1.3
-0.8
0.6
-2.1
21.5
0.2
12.0
6.1
202.8
203.1
2010
2.7
21.8
2.1
1.5
-121.2
22.9
223.2
-3.7
1.9
-4.2
-1.7
-2.3
2.1
20.2
1.3
7.2
6.1
189.8
190.2
2011
1.8
22.6
2.2
-1.2
-118.8
30.3
236.2
-4.6
1.3
0.8
-2.2
-0.2
0.4
18.4
0.8
6.8
5.8
199.6
192.1
2012
0.2
22.6
2.3
0.5
-102.7
1.3
236.2
-5.0
1.9
-5.4
-2.5
-2.5
-0.2
20.1
2.5
9.7
5.9
205.4
199.4
2013
0.2
22.2
2.3
-0.4
-88.4
-5.4
220.3
-4.5
0.6
-6.4
0.4
-2.9
0.5
21.2
4.7
7.6
5.7
206.0
192.2
2014
1.4
23.1
2.4
-1.1
-71.1
-4.4
228.4
-3.8
-0.1
-7.2
-2.4
1.5
0.9
22.2
5.0
2.9
5.9
208.1
189.6
2015
1.4
23.2
2.5
-0.1
-54.5
-6.5
225.5
-2.7
0.2
-10.6
0.1
0.2
0.5
20.3
4.0
2.3p
5.8
214.0
176.3
2016
1.5
23.4
2.5p
0.2
-26.6
8.0
214.5
-2.2
2.1
-5.0
2.0
5.2
0.2
17.6
1.5
3.8p
5.9
225.5
192.6
120
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1821737_0122.png
Table 5.1 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Belgium
Belgium
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
Flags:b:Break in series.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
2007
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
1.7
67.1
3.8
18.8
11.2
-4.2
21.6
0.0
15.2
0.9
5.7
1.0
13.8
-0.9
2008
1.8
67.1
3.3
18.0
10.1
-2.9
20.8
-1.8
14.7
-0.1
5.6
-0.9
11.7
-3.4
2009
-0.2
66.9
3.5
21.9
11.1
-0.1
20.2
-1.3
14.6
-0.1
5.2
-1.2
12.3
-2.0
2010
0.6
67.7
4.0
22.4
10.9
-0.3
20.8
-0.8
14.6
-0.6
5.9
0.2
12.7
-1.1
2011
1.4
66.7
3.5
18.7
11.8b
1.7b
21.0
0.2
15.3
0.6
5.7
0.1
13.8
2.1
2012
0.4
66.9
3.4
19.8
12.3
1.2
21.6
1.4
15.3
0.7
6.3
1.1
13.9
1.6
2013
-0.3
67.5
3.9
23.7
12.7
1.8
20.8
0.0
15.1
0.5
5.1
-0.8
14.0
1.3
2014
0.4
67.7
4.3
23.2
12.0
0.2
21.2
0.2
15.5
0.2
5.9
0.2
14.6
0.8
2015
0.9
67.6
4.4
22.1
12.2
-0.1
21.1
-0.5
14.9
-0.4
5.8
-0.5
14.9
1.0
2016
1.3
67.6
4.0
20.1
9.9
-2.8
20.7
-0.1
15.5
0.4
5.5
0.4
14.6
0.6
121
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1821737_0123.png
Table 5.2: Auxiliary indicators for Bulgaria
Bulgaria
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
7.3
28.3
0.4
-25.7
na
28.0
na
-7.3
14.4
59.9
15.4
11.7
4.0
123.5
92.1
102.0e
5.0
125.0
215.0
2008
6.0
33.0
0.5
-21.2
na
17.9
na
-8.0
19.5
50.9
13.0
-0.4
3.6
65.7
38.2
84.8p
5.8
136.8
431.9
2009
-3.6
27.9
0.5
-7.0
na
7.5
na
-5.0
15.9
29.2
12.0
-1.7
-1.9
68.1
34.4
28.2p
4.7
143.9
385.9
2010
1.3
22.2
0.6
-0.9
37.1
3.6
90.3
-5.7
11.6
16.8
14.0
-1.6
5.4
71.5
39.6
-10.6p
2.7
142.3
439.5
2011
1.9
20.9
0.5
1.5
29.6
3.7
87.8
-6.3
3.8
21.3
11.5
5.7
4.2
62.0
33.7
-32.4p
2.2
133.5
413.0
2012
0.0
21.3
0.6
0.4
25.4
3.3
90.1
-6.9
1.8
10.9
5.9
-0.8
2.6p
69.7p
41.5
-16.7p
1.7
134.8
438.4
2013
0.9
21.1
0.6
2.4
21.6
3.6
89.3
-6.2
-0.4
7.5
4.2
5.8
1.3p
78.8p
52.0
-9.3p
1.7
142.5
450.2
2014
1.3
21.1
0.8
2.3
18.3
3.6
96.2
-5.6
-2.9
13.0
3.0
-0.6
1.0p
82.7p
55.7
-2.7p
1.6
136.8
429.7
2015
3.6
21.0
1.0
3.1
1.5
5.4
91.8
-3.8
-3.9
13.9
3.5
2.6
3.3p
78.4p
54.3
2.0bp
1.4
121.5
506.7
2016
3.9
18.6
0.8p
7.5
-9.5
2.2
88.3
-2.4
-4.6
5.1
3.0
5.8
3.4p
77.5p
52.1
11.6p
2.7
117.0
475.6
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) House price index: e = NSI estimates.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
122
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1821737_0124.png
Table 5.2 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Bulgaria
Bulgaria
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
2007
3.2
66.3
4.1
14.1
19.1
-7.3
60.7
na
22.0
6.0
57.6
na
16.0
na
2008
2.4
67.8
2.9
11.9
17.4b
-7.7b
44.8b
na
21.4
7.4
41.2
na
8.1b
na
2009
-1.7
67.2
3.0
15.1
19.5
-2.7
46.2
-15.1
21.8
3.4
41.9
-15.8
6.9
-7.8
2010
-3.9
66.7b
4.7b
21.9i
21.0b
1.9b
49.2
-11.5
20.7
-1.3
45.7
-11.9
8.0
-8.0
2011
-2.2
65.9b
6.3b
25.0
21.8
4.4
49.1
4.3b
22.2
0.8
43.6
2.4
11.0
2.9b
2012
-2.5p
67.1
6.8
28.1
21.5
2.0
49.3
3.1
21.2
-0.6
44.1
2.2
12.5
5.6
2013
-0.4p
68.4
7.4
28.4
21.6
0.6
48.0
-1.2
21.0
0.3
43.0
-2.7
13.0
5.0
2014
0.4p
69.0
6.9
23.8
20.2
-1.6
40.1b
-9.0b
21.8
-0.4
33.1
-10.5
12.1
1.1
2015
0.4p
69.3
5.6
21.6
19.3
-2.2
41.3
-8.0
22.0
0.8
34.2
-9.9
11.6
-0.9
2016
0.5p
68.7
4.5
17.2
18.2
-3.4
40.4b
-7.6b
22.9b
1.9b
31.9b
-11.1b
11.9b
-1.1b
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) Youth unemployment rate: i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
123
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Table 5.3: Auxiliary indicators for Czech Republic
Czech Republic
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
5.6
29.5
1.3
-4.0
-7.4
7.0
58.1
-3.2
14.4
73.9
-2.0
3.1
3.4
36.2
21.8
30.5e
4.1
61.8
648.5
2008
2.7
29.0
1.2
-1.2
-4.7
3.7
60.3
-4.1
22.8
70.3
-3.3
1.3
0.5
31.9
14.8
45.0e
4.0
67.6
759.0
2009
-4.8
27.1
1.3
-1.0
-2.4
2.5
66.2
-2.7
10.5
37.9
-2.4
0.2
-3.1
32.1
10.7
29.5e
3.8
70.6
642.9
2010
2.3
26.9
1.3
-2.6
-1.3
4.9
70.1
-3.5
12.5
20.9
-2.1
2.1
3.3
29.4
10.9
6.6e
4.0
72.5
567.4
2011
1.8
26.5
1.6
-1.8
-0.2
1.9
69.6
-4.4
0.8
17.3
-1.7
2.3
2.1
24.0
6.9
-5.5
3.7
74.3
624.5
2012
-0.8
25.9
1.8
-0.3
-1.1
4.5
74.7
-4.7
5.5
7.0
-3.3
1.5
-1.2
19.7
2.7
-3.1
3.7
77.0
540.6
2013
-0.5
25.1
1.9
1.5
-5.1
3.5
77.4
-4.8
-2.4
-2.8
-0.9
-3.6
-0.8
16.7
0.6
-1.4
3.2
84.3
532.0
2014
2.7
25.1
2.0
0.9
-4.5
3.9
77.3
-4.0
-10.1
0.6
-1.4
5.0
2.2
14.1
-2.3
0.9
3.4
80.6
498.7
2015
5.3
26.5
1.9
2.5
-8.2
0.9
75.8
-2.4
-8.0
-0.4
0.9
2.9
3.8
13.9
-2.1
6.5p
3.6
77.9
507.8
2016
2.6
25.0
1.7p
2.2
-13.5
3.3
75.0
-2.1
-3.6
-0.0
3.6
2.2
1.3
17.0
-0.9
14.2p
3.7
77.5
530.0
Flags:p:Provisional.
1) House price index: e = NSI estimates.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
124
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Table 5.3 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Czech Republic
Czech Republic
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
Flags:b:Break in series.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
2007
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
2.1
69.9
2.8
10.7
6.9
-6.8
15.8
na
9.6
1.6
7.4
na
8.6
na
2008
2.2
69.7
2.2
9.9
6.7
-6.6
15.3
-4.3
9.0
-1.4
6.8
-5.0
7.2
-1.7
2009
-1.8
70.1
2.0
16.6
8.5
-0.7
14.0
-4.0
8.6
-1.3
6.1
-3.5
6.0
-2.9
2010
-1.0
70.2
3.0
18.3
8.8
1.9
14.4
-1.4
9.0
-0.6
6.2
-1.2
6.4
-2.2
2011
-0.3
70.5b
2.7b
18.1
8.3b
1.6b
15.3
0.0
9.8
0.8
6.1
-0.7
6.6
-0.6
2012
0.4
71.6
3.0
19.5
8.9
0.4
15.4
1.4
9.6
1.0
6.6
0.5
6.8
0.8
2013
0.3
72.9
3.0
18.9
9.1b
0.3b
14.6
0.2
8.6
-0.4
6.6
0.4
6.9
0.5
2014
0.6
73.5
2.7
15.9
8.1
-0.2
14.8
-0.5
9.7
-0.1
6.7
0.6
7.6
1.0
2015
1.4
74.0
2.4
12.6
7.5
-1.4
14.0
-1.4
9.7
0.1
5.6
-1.0
6.8
0.0
2016
1.3
75.0
1.7
10.5
7.0
-2.1
13.3
-1.3
9.7
1.1
4.8
-1.8
6.7
-0.2
125
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1821737_0127.png
Table 5.4: Auxiliary indicators for Denmark
Denmark
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
0.9
23.5
2.5b
1.5
32.3
3.7
47.1
1.8
-1.3
3.2
2.3
-4.2
-1.4
27.0
12.3
49.8e
6.5
220.6
204.7
2008
-0.5
22.9
2.8
2.9
29.8
0.5
44.6
1.6
-0.6
6.8
3.3
1.0
-1.7
30.1
11.3
20.8
5.4
231.4
316.4
2009
-4.9
20.2
3.1
3.4
28.6
1.2
46.8
1.0
0.4
7.2
2.7
0.8
-1.8
33.7
10.4
-14.3
4.2
240.7
248.9
2010
1.9
18.1
2.9
6.6
21.9
-3.6
43.5
0.9
1.7
-3.3
3.3
-9.7
4.3
32.2
11.6
-14.2
3.7
232.7
217.5
2011
1.3
18.2
2.9
6.9
14.3
3.8
43.9
0.7
1.5
-5.9
2.0
0.3
1.4
26.9
8.1
-11.0
4.3
232.6
209.5
2012
0.2
18.8
3.0
6.3
10.9
-4.9
43.6
0.8
0.7
-7.9
3.1
-1.6
1.0
23.9
5.2
-1.7
4.1
233.8
208.5
2013
0.9
19.1
3.0
7.7
8.2
0.2
41.8
0.3
-1.3
-11.5
2.4
-2.2
1.0
21.9
4.2
-0.6
3.7
227.3
190.0
2014
1.7
19.2
2.9
8.7
0.3
2.0
49.9
0.0
-1.4
-9.8
2.9
-0.1
0.7
23.0
4.8
4.9
3.9
222.7
170.1
2015
1.6
19.2
3.0p
8.5
-0.6
0.4
48.7
0.0
-1.3
-6.8
0.6
-1.3
0.3
21.5
4.3
15.3
4.0
219.5
154.5
2016
1.7
20.1
2.9e
7.3
-7.3
2.1
52.5
0.0
-0.2
-6.9
2.6
0.2
0.0
20.9
4.4
16.2
4.4
221.3
158.9
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) House price index: e = NSI estimates.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
126
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Table 5.4 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Denmark
Denmark
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
Flags:b:Break in series.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
2007
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
2.3
80.1
0.6
7.5
4.3b
-0.8b
16.8
0.3
11.7
0.8
3.3
0.4
10.1
0.8
2008
1.2
80.7
0.5
8.0
4.3
0.0
16.3
-0.9
11.8
0.0
2.0
-1.2
8.5
-1.6
2009
-3.2
80.2
0.6
11.8
5.4
1.8
17.6
0.9
13.1
1.4
2.3
-0.8
8.8
-0.8
2010
-2.3
79.4
1.5
13.9
6.0
1.7
18.3
1.5
13.3
1.6
2.7
-0.6
10.6
0.5
2011
0.0
79.3
1.8
14.2
6.3
2.0
17.6b
1.3b
12.1
0.3
2.3
0.3
10.5
2.0
2012
-0.7
78.6
2.1
14.1
6.6
1.2
17.5
-0.1
12.0
-1.1
2.7
0.4
10.2
1.4
2013
0.0
78.1
1.8
13.0
6.0
0.0
18.3
0.0
11.9
-1.4
3.6
0.9
11.9
1.3
2014
1.0
78.1
1.7
12.6
5.8
-0.5
17.9
0.3b
12.1
0.0
3.2
0.9
12.2
1.7
2015
1.3
78.5
1.7
10.8
6.2
-0.4
17.7
0.2
12.2
0.2
3.7
1.0
11.6
1.4
2016
1.7
80.0b
1.4b
12.0
5.8b
-0.2b
16.7
-1.6
11.9
0.0
2.6
-1.0
10.6
-1.3
127
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1821737_0129.png
Table 5.5: Auxiliary indicators for Germany
Germany
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
3.3
20.1
2.5
6.7
3.8
1.5
33.7
-2.4
-0.7
12.1
-1.9
1.4
1.5
-0.1
-17.5
-1.4e
5.1
117.1
515.8
2008
1.1
20.3
2.6
5.6
5.9
0.8
31.9
-3.4
-1.3
6.3
-4.6
-1.0
-0.2
2.1
-18.8
-1.2
5.0
116.3
758.1
2009
-5.6
19.2
2.7
5.7
1.0
1.6
34.2
-2.5
-1.1
1.2
-0.4
-4.3
-5.7
7.6
-16.5
0.0
5.1
120.0
602.7
2010
4.1
19.4
2.7
5.7
3.4
2.5
35.1
-2.9
-1.5
-0.2
-1.0
1.9
3.8
5.7
-16.2
3.3
5.2
114.2
563.2
2011
3.7
20.3
2.8
6.1
6.7
2.6
35.8
-3.5
-1.0
-0.8
-2.1
1.4
2.3
6.5
-14.0
5.5
5.6
109.5
601.7
2012
0.5
20.1
2.9
7.0
3.0
1.8
39.8
-3.6
-1.3
-6.6
-2.5
0.0
-0.7
9.0
-11.1
8.2
5.8
109.5
522.1
2013
0.5
19.7
2.8
6.7
-3.9
1.8
41.0
-3.4
-0.8
-5.7
0.3
-2.1
-0.1
9.9
-8.9
10.4
5.8
110.4
422.9
2014
1.9
20.0
2.9
7.5
-6.6
0.4
41.2
-2.8
-0.1
-2.4
-2.8
0.9
1.1
12.4
-5.6
10.0
5.9
106.7
397.6
2015
1.7
19.9
2.9
8.5
-11.3
1.6
41.3
-2.0
0.5
-1.1
2.1
2.1
0.8
15.0
-1.3
11.4
5.7
105.7
368.7
2016
1.9
20.0
2.9e
8.4
-14.6
1.5
41.7
-1.5
0.4
-0.1
6.6
0.3
0.6
19.0
3.2
14.5
5.9
105.9
367.2
Flags:e:Estimated.
1) House price index: e = NSI estimates.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
128
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Table 5.5 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Germany
Germany
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
Flags:b:Break in series.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
2007
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
1.7
75.6
4.9
11.8
8.9
-1.2
20.6
na
15.2
4.2
4.8
na
11.5
na
2008
1.3
75.9
3.9
10.4
8.4b
-2.5b
20.1
1.7
15.2
3.0
5.5
0.9
11.7
-0.3
2009
0.1
76.3
3.5
11.1
8.8
-0.8
20.0
-0.2
15.5
3.0
5.4
0.3
10.9
-2.7
2010
0.3
76.7b
3.3b
9.8
8.3b
-0.6b
19.7
-0.9
15.6
0.4
4.5
-0.3
11.2
-0.3
2011
1.4
77.3b
2.8b
8.5
7.5b
-0.9b
19.9
-0.2
15.8
0.6
5.3
-0.2
11.2
-0.5
2012
1.2
77.2
2.4
8.0
7.1
-1.7
19.6
-0.4
16.1
0.6
4.9
-0.5
9.9
-1.0
2013
0.6
77.6
2.3
7.8
6.3
-2.0
20.3
0.6
16.1
0.5
5.4
0.9
9.9
-1.3
2014
0.8
77.7
2.2
7.7
6.4
-1.1
20.6
0.7
16.7
0.9
5.0
-0.3
10.0
-1.2
2015
0.9
77.6
2.0
7.2
6.2
-0.9
20.0
0.4
16.7
0.6
4.4
-0.5
9.8
-0.1
2016
1.3
77.9
1.7
7.1
6.7
0.4
19.7
-0.6
16.5
0.4
3.7
-1.7
9.6
-0.3
129
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1821737_0131.png
Table 5.6: Auxiliary indicators for Estonia
Estonia
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
7.7
36.6
1.1
-13.8
48.5
13.5
75.0
-3.6
8.5
69.0
9.0
4.7
7.5
80.9
54.2
na
6.1
152.4
397.5
2008
-5.4
31.2
1.3
-7.5
54.3
8.0
77.1
-4.1
12.1
52.4
7.4
-2.0
-5.2
97.0
60.5
63.2
4.3
161.6
433.4
2009
-14.7
22.7
1.4
6.0
53.4
9.1
89.1
-2.3
8.9
26.1
7.0
-10.3
-5.0
92.6
53.3
-31.5
3.1
167.2
463.7
2010
2.3
21.2
1.6
5.3
35.8
13.2
95.0
-1.5
6.4
18.3
3.0
11.4
7.6
80.6
47.6
-40.0
2.7
152.5
397.9
2011
7.6
26.2
2.3
5.4
6.0
4.9
89.9
-0.4
2.8
35.7
1.0
17.3
1.0
73.2
42.7
-28.0
2.7
132.6
398.6
2012
4.3
28.6
2.1
1.4
-1.1
7.8
94.2
-1.3
5.2
19.6
-1.4
2.0
2.6
74.6
40.7
23.0
2.9
129.2
369.5
2013
1.9
27.7
1.7
3.1
-4.9
4.4
98.8
-2.2
5.4
18.2
-0.8
-1.0
0.7
72.1
39.5
28.8
3.4
127.1
299.8
2014
2.9
24.4
1.5
1.3
-10.6
6.6
104.9
-2.1
3.1
28.5
-0.1
-1.2
2.1
70.6
35.0
35.0
3.9
130.0
313.4
2015
1.7
23.6
1.5
4.0
-10.5
-3.2
98.9
-1.5
1.6
9.5
2.5
-3.8
-1.2
72.6
41.7
34.5
4.4
127.4
376.7
2016
2.1
22.3
na
3.0
-11.7
3.2
99.8
-1.0
0.4
-3.5
3.0
1.8
1.8
64.4
38.6
27.3
4.8
126.6
359.1
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
130
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1821737_0132.png
Table 5.6 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Estonia
Estonia
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
2007
0.2
73.2
2.3
10.1
8.9
-3.6
22.0
-4.3
19.4
-0.8
5.6
-3.8
6.2
-3.5
2008
-0.2
74.2
1.7
12.0i
8.7
-1.9
21.8
-4.1
19.5
1.2
4.9
-7.5
5.3
-4.2
2009
-10.2
74.0
3.7
27.4
14.5b
5.7b
23.4
1.4
19.7
1.4
6.2
-0.8
5.6
-1.5
2010
-4.9
73.9
7.6
32.9
14.0
5.1
21.7
-0.3
15.8
-3.6
9.0
3.4
9.0
2.8
2011
6.5
74.7
7.1
22.4
11.6
2.9
23.1
1.3
17.5
-2.0
8.7
3.8
10.0
4.7
2012
1.6
74.8
5.5
20.9
12.2
-2.3
23.4
0.0
17.5
-2.2
9.4
3.2
9.1
3.5
2013
1.2
75.1
3.8
18.7
11.3
-2.7
23.5
1.8
18.6
2.8
7.6
-1.4
8.4
-0.6
2014
0.8
75.2
3.3
15.0
11.7
0.1
26.0b
2.9b
21.8
4.3
6.2
-2.5
7.6b
-2.4b
2015
2.9
76.7
2.4
13.1
10.8
-1.4
24.2
0.8
21.6
4.1
4.5
-4.9
6.6
-2.5
2016
0.3
77.5
2.1
13.4
9.1
-2.2
24.4
0.9
21.7
3.1
4.7
-2.9
5.8
-2.6
Flags:b:Break in series.
1) Youth unemployment rate: i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
131
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1821737_0133.png
Table 5.7: Auxiliary indicators for Ireland
Ireland
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
5.2
28.7
1.2
-6.4
-203.9
22.9
192.1
-2.4
1.4
-3.4
-5.2
1.0
0.8
na
24.1
35.4e
11.1
200.9
190.1
2008
-3.9
24.8
1.4
-6.8
-153.2
7.9
209.0
-3.1
1.1
-7.3
-3.2
-6.7
-3.3
43.3
24.2
14.9
8.2
254.8
276.7
2009
-4.6
21.1
1.6e
-5.6
-202.4
22.8
267.4
-2.3
-1.6
10.5
0.8
14.6
3.5
35.5
13.4
-19.1
4.7
281.1
231.9
2010
1.8
17.6
1.6e
-1.9
-277.6
16.8
294.3
-2.8
-5.3
1.4
-4.0
-6.8
6.1
19.7
2.1
-34.9p
3.0
281.8
182.9
2011
3.0
16.8
1.6e
-2.2
-311.3
15.2
304.3
-3.3
-6.6
-2.0
-1.2
-3.7
3.6b
10.8b
-2.0
-42.0p
2.3
297.1
150.1
2012
0.0
19.7
1.6e
-2.6
-348.8
24.9
337.3
-3.0
-5.1
-6.2
-3.2
-1.2
0.6
9.9
-1.8
-37.9p
1.8
306.9
121.0
2013
1.6
18.6
1.6e
1.6
-352.9
27.8
344.1
-3.2
-3.1
-1.1
-4.3
-0.8
-0.9
5.6
-2.7
-27.3p
2.0
290.7
99.1
2014
8.3
20.8
1.5e
-1.8
-415.7
36.5
385.2
-2.7
-1.8
-6.1
-4.9
10.7
6.5
-1.0
-9.2
2.1p
2.3
304.1
84.0
2015
25.6
20.3
1.2
10.4
-299.8
81.7
499.0
-1.5
-1.3
43.0
2.6
35.3
22.5
-20.7
-27.1
31.5p
1.9
328.3
78.9
2016
5.1
31.8
1.2e
2.3
-368.6
25.8
503.3
-1.1
-0.9
55.3
0.4
2.3
2.3
-23.6
-28.8
39.6p
2.1
300.2
72.3
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) House price index: e = NSI estimates. 2) 2015 PSD: significant increases due to re-domiciling of large multinational corporations and movement of large parts of their balance sheets. 3) 2016 PSD: the decline for IE relative to 2015 predominantly reflects restructuring and re-domiciling
activities of large multinational companies.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
132
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1821737_0134.png
Table 5.7 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Ireland
Ireland
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
2007
4.4
72.6b
1.4b
9.1
10.8b
-1.1b
23.1
-1.7
17.2
-3.7
4.5
-0.3
14.3
1.4
2008
-0.6
72.1
1.7
13.3
15.0
4.1
23.7
-1.3
15.5
-4.2
5.5
0.4
13.7
-1.0
2009
-7.8
70.6b
3.5b
24.0
18.6b
8.5b
25.7
2.4
15.0
-3.5
6.1
1.3
20.0
7.1
2010
-4.1
69.4
6.8
27.6
19.2
8.4
27.3
4.2
15.2
-2.0
5.7
1.2
22.9
8.6
2011
-0.5b
69.2
8.6
29.1
18.8
3.8
29.4
5.7
15.2
-0.3
7.8
2.3
24.2
10.5
2012
-0.6
69.2
9.0
30.4
18.7
0.1
30.3
4.6
16.6
1.6
9.8
3.7
23.4
3.4
2013
2.5
69.8
7.8
26.8
16.1
-3.1
29.9
2.6
15.7
0.5
9.9
4.2
23.9
1.0
2014
1.7
69.8
6.6
23.9
15.2
-3.6
27.7
-1.7
16.4
1.2
8.4
0.6
21.0
-3.2
2015
2.5
70.0
5.3
20.9
14.3
-4.4
26.0
-4.3
16.3
-0.3
7.5
-2.3
19.2
-4.2
2016
2.8
70.5
4.2
17.2
13.0
-3.1
na
na
na
na
7.5e
-2.4e
na
na
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated.
1) Official transmission deadline for 2016 data on People at risk of poverty and social exclusion is 30 November 2017 while data were extracted on 24 October 2017
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
133
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1821737_0135.png
Table 5.8: Auxiliary indicators for Greece
Greece
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
3.3
26.0
0.6e
-13.3
66.1
0.7
16.1
-2.9
3.3
20.0
1.1
2.7
1.9
44.5
26.5
33.0e
10.8
101.8
308.2
2008
-0.3
23.8
0.7be
-13.4
73.2
1.4
12.0
-3.8
2.8
16.7
-1.7
0.6
-1.6
43.0
20.9
22.0e
8.1
113.4
1196.7
2009
-4.3
20.8
0.6e
-11.5
84.2
0.8
13.8
-2.2
2.5
-2.8
-2.3
-8.5
-3.8
48.2
20.8
3.7e
6.5
116.8
954.9
2010
-5.5
17.6
0.6e
-10.5
100.8
0.2
13.8
-3.0
5.0
-7.2
-1.0
-7.7
-3.0
47.5
22.6
-6.7e
5.0
128.1
1683.0
2011
-9.1p
15.3p
0.7
-8.7
98.8
0.4
12.2
-3.6p
4.5
-8.1
-1.5p
-6.9p
-2.4p
42.9p
20.0
-13.2e
4.6p
130.2p
3047.9
2012
-7.3p
12.6p
0.7
-2.6
123.6
0.7
11.5
-4.0p
2.0
-16.3
-3.5p
-1.6p
-1.1p
28.3p
7.9
-20.4e
3.1p
131.5p
1007.2
2013
-3.2p
12.2p
0.8
-0.4
132.7
1.2
12.0
-3.7p
-3.5
-20.0
-0.8p
-2.3p
-0.6p
15.9p
-1.1
-25.5e
2.2p
129.2p
849.4
2014
0.7p
11.5p
0.8
-0.2
132.6
1.1
11.8
-3.4p
-5.6
-12.6
1.5p
4.0p
-0.2p
11.8p
-5.0
-27.1e
1.0p
128.0p
1001.9
2015
-0.3p
11.5p
1.0
0.9
137.8
0.7
14.8
-2.1p
-5.2
-19.6
6.0p
0.0p
-1.0p
1.4p
-13.8
-21.6e
0.7p
126.1p
1343.4
2016
-0.2p
11.7p
1.0p
-0.5
137.5
1.6
16.0
-1.7p
-3.2
-21.2
6.1p
-4.1p
-0.7p
1.9p
-11.5
-14.2e
0.6p
124.7p
1354.2
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) House price index: e = source NCB.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
134
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1821737_0136.png
Table 5.8 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Greece
Greece
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
2007
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
1.3
66.5
4.2
22.7
11.3
-5.3
28.3
-2.6
20.3
0.4
11.5
-2.6
8.1
0.6
2008
1.3
66.7
3.7
21.9
11.4b
-4.5b
28.1
-1.3
20.1
0.5
11.2
-1.6
7.5
-0.1
2009
-0.6
67.4b
3.9b
25.7
12.4b
0.4b
27.6
-1.7
19.7
-0.8
11.0
-0.5
6.6
-1.5
2010
-2.6
67.8
5.7
33.0
14.8
3.5
27.7
-0.6
20.1
-0.2
11.6
0.1
7.6
-0.5
2011
-6.9p
67.3
8.8
44.7
17.4
6.0
31.0
2.9
21.4
1.3
15.2
4.0
12.0
4.5
2012
-6.3p
67.5
14.5
55.3
20.2
7.8
34.6
7.0
23.1
3.4
19.5
8.5
14.2
7.6
2013
-2.6p
67.5
18.5
58.3
20.4
5.6
35.7
8.0
23.1
3.0
20.3
8.7
18.2
10.6
2014
0.9p
67.4
19.5
52.4
19.1
1.7
36.0
5.0
22.1
0.7
21.5
6.3
17.2
5.2
2015
0.7p
67.8
18.2
49.8
17.2
-3.0
35.7
1.1
21.4
-1.7
22.2
2.7
16.8
2.6
2016
0.5p
68.2
17.0
47.3
15.8
-4.6
35.6
-0.1
21.2
-1.9
22.4
2.1
17.2
-1.0
135
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1821737_0137.png
Table 5.9: Auxiliary indicators for Spain
Spain
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
3.8
31.0
1.2
-9.3
71.5
4.8
44.7
-3.0
3.5
4.5
2.6
0.4
0.5
33.8
17.2
41.4e
11.7
205.5
403.6
2008
1.1
29.2
1.3
-8.8
78.1
4.8
45.1
-3.6
3.1
-4.6
-1.2
-3.7
0.9
38.9
18.2
22.7e
10.4
209.3
615.8
2009
-3.6
24.3
1.4
-4.0
89.2
0.9
49.0
-2.3
1.1
-1.3
4.3
-1.0
2.9
38.2
13.9
1.1
8.1
214.3
572.6
2010
0.0
23.0
1.4
-3.5
93.2
2.8
50.5
-2.9
0.9
-4.4
1.0
-3.2
1.8
32.7
11.4
-9.6
6.9
215.7
647.4
2011
-1.0
21.5
1.3
-2.8
97.0
2.2
51.6
-3.7
0.4
-0.2
-2.9
0.5
1.7
27.4
8.3
-15.3
5.7
214.0
707.2
2012
-2.9
19.8
1.3
0.3
95.7
1.8
53.3
-3.8
0.8
-8.4
-5.4
-1.7
1.1
20.2
2.7
-22.7
4.9
206.6
781.3
2013
-1.7
18.8
1.3
2.2
94.7
3.8
56.4
-3.4
0.4
-4.4
-2.0
0.5
0.9
16.1
0.2
-28.5
4.1
197.1
601.3
2014
1.4
19.3
1.2
1.6
97.7
2.4
59.4
-2.9
-0.6
-6.0
-7.5
0.6
0.4
12.5
-3.2
-22.3
4.5
186.3
490.1
2015
3.4p
19.8p
1.2
1.8
94.0
2.9
59.1
-2.0p
-1.3
-2.4
-4.2p
1.1p
0.7p
10.2p
-5.2
-5.6
4.4p
174.6p
466.3
2016
3.3p
20.0p
na
2.2
88.8
2.6
59.7
-1.5p
-2.2
-0.7
0.0p
2.5p
0.7p
5.9p
-8.4
8.7
4.6p
165.8p
452.0
Flags:p:Provisional.
1) House price index: e = Eurostat estimates.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
136
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0138.png
Table 5.9 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Spain
Spain
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
2007
3.3
71.8
1.7
18.1
12.0
-0.5
23.3
-1.7
19.7
-0.4
3.5
-1.3
6.8
-0.5
2008
0.2
72.7
2.0
24.5
14.3
1.3
23.8b
-0.5b
19.8
-0.3
3.6
-0.5
6.6
-0.3
2009
-6.3
73.1
4.3
37.7
18.1
6.3
24.7
0.7
20.4
0.1
4.5
0.4
7.6
1.2
2010
-1.7
73.5
7.3
41.5
17.8
5.8
26.1
2.8
20.7
1.0
4.9
1.4
10.8
4.0
2011
-2.7
73.9
8.9
46.2
18.2
3.9
26.7
2.9b
20.6
0.8
4.5
0.9
13.4
6.8
2012
-4.0
74.3
11.0
52.9
18.6
0.5
27.2
2.5
20.8
0.4
5.8
1.3
14.3
6.7
2013
-2.6
74.3
13.0
55.5
18.6
0.8
27.3
1.2
20.4
-0.3
6.2
1.3
15.7
4.9
2014
1.0
74.2
12.9
53.2
17.1b
-1.1b
29.2
2.5
22.2
1.6
7.1
2.6
17.1
3.7
2015
2.7p
74.3
11.4
48.3
15.6
-3.0
28.6
1.4
22.1
1.3
6.4
0.6
15.4
1.1
2016
2.5p
74.2
9.5
44.4
14.6
-4.0
27.9
0.6
22.3
1.9
5.8
-0.4
14.9
-0.8
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) Young people neither in employment nor in education and training: 2014: Change in the classification of non-formal education activities.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
137
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0139.png
Table 5.10: Auxiliary indicators for France
France
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
2007
2.4
23.1
2.0
-0.2
13.0
3.2
34.8
-2.2
-1.4
-8.9
-2.6
-5.1
0.9
16.5
1.2
36.8b
6.7
150.5
293.0
2008
0.2
23.6
2.1
-0.9
22.7
2.3
34.2
-2.8
-1.2
-9.6
-3.2
-2.5
-0.3
20.2
1.0
19.6
6.8
157.4
414.3
2009
-2.9
22.0
2.2
-0.7
25.3
0.7
37.0
-2.0
-1.2
-7.2
0.2
-1.3
-1.8
23.3
0.3
0.0
6.3
165.2
338.3
2010
2.0
22.1
2.2b
-0.8
28.1
1.4
38.0
-2.4
-0.2
-10.7
0.2
-3.6
1.9
23.0
2.6
-0.9
6.3
165.4
348.8
2011
2.1
22.4
2.2
-0.9
28.3
1.5
40.2
-3.0
-0.4
-7.7
-0.7
0.0
1.3
21.5
2.7
4.0
6.4
171.6
454.9
2012
0.2
22.5
2.2
-1.2
33.8
1.2
40.6
-3.3
-0.5
-8.9
-2.2
-0.3
-0.1
20.9
2.4
10.3
6.2
175.9
405.6
2013
0.6
22.1
2.2
-0.8
32.5
1.1
41.4
-3.1
-1.3
-8.4
-0.4
-1.9
0.3
19.8
2.6
3.2
6.1
174.5
372.0
2014
0.9
21.8
2.2
-1.0
35.8
0.0
42.1
-2.5
-0.7
-8.4
-1.7
-0.4
0.5
20.0
2.6
-4.0
6.1
180.5
393.2
2015
1.1p
21.6p
2.2p
-0.1
36.7
1.5
44.0
-1.8p
-0.4
-4.2
2.7p
1.2p
0.8p
17.6p
1.7
-4.9
5.9p
183.5p
358.6
2016
1.2p
22.0p
na
-0.9
37.5
1.7
44.8
-1.4p
0.1
-5.1
6.0p
-0.5p
0.5p
15.9p
-0.1
-2.0
6.0p
188.7p
347.5
138
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1821737_0140.png
Table 5.10 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for France
France
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
2007
1.4
69.3
3.3e
19.5
10.7
-0.2
19.0
-0.8
13.1
-0.4
4.7
-1.4
9.6
-0.7
2008
0.5
69.4
2.9e
19.0
10.5
-0.7
18.5b
-0.4b
12.5
-0.5
5.4
0.1
8.8
0.1
2009
-1.1
69.8
3.3e
23.6
12.7
1.4
18.5
-0.3
12.9
-0.3
5.6
0.6
8.4
-0.7
2010
0.1
69.8
3.9e
23.3
12.7
2.0
19.2
0.2
13.3
0.2
5.8
1.1
9.9
0.3
2011
0.8
69.7
4.0e
22.7
12.3
1.8
19.3
0.8b
14.0
1.5
5.2
-0.2
9.4
0.6
2012
0.3
70.3
4.1e
24.4
12.5
-0.2
19.1
0.6
14.1
1.2
5.3
-0.3
8.4
0.0
2013
0.2
70.7
4.4e
24.9
11.2b
-1.5b
18.1
-1.1
13.7
0.4
4.9
-0.9
8.1
-1.8
2014
0.4
71.1
4.5
24.2
11.4b
-0.9b
18.5
-0.8
13.3
-0.7
4.8
-0.4
9.6
0.2
2015
0.2p
71.3
4.6
24.7
12.0
-0.5
17.7
-1.4
13.6
-0.5
4.5
-0.8
8.6
0.2
2016
0.6p
71.4
4.6
24.6
11.9
0.7
18.2
0.1
13.6
-0.1
4.4
-0.5
8.4
0.3
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) Young people neither in employment nor in education and training: 2014 data are further impacted from the changes in the questionnaire introduced in 2013 and inclusion of French overseas departments (DOM).
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
139
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1821737_0141.png
Table 5.11: Auxiliary indicators for Croatia
Croatia
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
5.2
26.8
0.8
-7.2
na
7.8
64.5
-3.9
4.4
23.9
7.9
-4.5
1.9p
na
29.5
46.8e
na
111.6
237.6
2008
2.1
28.1
0.9
-9.0
na
7.6
42.2
-5.1
6.0
4.9
6.7
-2.1
-0.1d
na
15.0
35.7e
na
120.3
481.3
2009
-7.4
25.2
0.8
-5.1
na
5.0
50.9
-3.5
3.9
2.8
5.2
-4.1
-6.7d
na
10.8
9.5e
na
133.3
483.2
2010
-1.4
21.2
0.7
-1.1
na
2.3
53.9
-3.8
4.3
-6.0
5.6
-6.4
2.4d
31.9d
9.9
-8.4e
na
143.5
459.0
2011
-0.3
20.2
0.8
-0.7
61.7
2.3
49.8
-5.4
-2.0
-8.5
4.4
-4.7
3.7d
34.9d
14.6
-10.9
na
142.4
491.0
2012
-2.2
19.6
0.8
-0.1
59.9
2.6
51.7
-5.6
-2.5
-15.0
2.6
-2.9
1.4d
25.9d
7.9
-7.6
na
142.9
455.1
2013
-0.6
19.7
0.8
1.1
59.4
1.6
50.4
-5.1
-3.0
-17.4
1.3
-0.7
2.0d
17.4d
1.9
-5.3
na
143.1
486.8
2014
-0.1
19.3
0.8
2.1
57.7
5.3
56.0
-4.0
-1.5
-14.5
0.6
2.3
-2.7d
12.7d
-1.8
-6.9
na
140.9
465.4
2015
2.3
19.6
0.9
5.1
51.9
0.4
54.4
-3.4
-1.1
-4.4
0.5
6.3
1.1d
8.7d
-3.6
-8.2
na
138.2
427.7
2016
3.0e
19.9e
0.9p
3.5
40.9
3.7
57.7
-2.7e
-1.0
5.1
1.7e
3.3e
2.7d
4.3d
-5.1
-3.6
na
130.6e
375.9
Flags:e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) House price index: e = source NCB. 2) d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
140
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1821737_0142.png
Table 5.11 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Croatia
Croatia
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
Flags:p:Provisional.
1) d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
2007
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
3.2p
65.7
6.0
25.4
12.9
-4.2
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
2008
2.1d
65.8
5.3
23.6
11.6
-5.1
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
2009
-0.7d
65.6
5.1
25.4
13.4
-0.8
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
2010
-3.8d
65.1
6.6
32.3
15.7
2.8
31.1
na
20.6
na
14.3
na
13.9
na
2011
-3.9d
64.1
8.4
36.6
16.2
4.6
32.6
na
20.9
na
15.2
na
15.9
na
2012
-3.6d
63.9
10.2
42.2
16.6
3.2
32.6
na
20.4
na
15.9
na
16.8
na
2013
-2.6d
63.7
11.0
49.9
19.6
3.9
29.9
-1.2
19.5
-1.1
14.7
0.4
14.8
0.9
2014
2.7d
66.1
10.1
44.9
19.3
3.1
29.3
-3.3
19.4
-1.5
13.9
-1.3
14.7
-1.2
2015
1.2d
66.9
10.2
42.3
18.1
1.5
29.1
-3.5
20.0
-0.4
13.7
-2.2
14.4
-2.4
2016
0.3d
65.6
6.6
31.8
16.9
-2.7
27.9
-2.0
19.5
0.0
12.5
-2.2
13.0
-1.8
141
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1821737_0143.png
Table 5.12: Auxiliary indicators for Italy
Italy
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
1.5
21.6
1.1
-1.3
na
3.0
21.4
-2.9
-0.1
0.0
-4.4
-1.7
0.2
22.6
7.7
19.5e
5.8
112.7
354.1
2008
-1.1
21.2
1.2
-2.8
37.0
-0.5
18.8
-3.6
0.0
-6.4
-8.0
-6.0
-1.3
30.0
11.3
13.9e
5.8
116.3
764.1
2009
-5.5
20.0
1.2
-1.9
41.2
0.9
22.1
-2.6
0.4
-10.9
-1.3
-8.1
-3.9
33.6
11.4
7.2e
5.6
125.0
694.4
2010
1.7
19.9
1.2
-3.4
47.7
0.4
20.3
-3.2
0.7
-12.4
-2.1
-0.8
2.3
32.9
13.7
1.3be
5.6
125.8
905.2
2011
0.6
19.7
1.2
-2.9
45.8
1.5
21.5
-3.7
0.9
-11.9
-1.7
-1.7
0.3
29.6
12.5
-0.6e
5.3
125.3
1221.0
2012
-2.8
18.4
1.3
-0.1
52.3
0.0
23.2
-3.8
1.4
-16.7
-4.2
-0.5
-2.5
26.5
10.1
-2.8e
5.0
127.3
1237.7
2013
-1.7
17.2
1.3
0.9
56.4
0.9
23.8
-3.3
1.0
-14.0
-0.6
-3.1
0.1
22.2
6.3
-7.7p
4.8
124.6
941.2
2014
0.1
16.7
1.4e
2.1
58.7
0.8
25.1
-2.6
0.4
-9.2
-4.1
-1.0
0.0
19.5
3.5
-12.4p
4.5
122.4
782.4
2015
1.0
16.9
1.3
1.8
59.2
0.7
25.6
-2.0
-0.5
-7.5
2.2
1.3
0.3
17.7
2.9
-12.2p
4.3
118.2
660.4
2016
0.9
17.1
na
2.6
55.1
1.0
25.9
-1.6
-0.7
-5.5
7.5
0.1
-0.3
16.4
0.6
-7.6p
4.4
116.5
751.4
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) House price index: e = source NCB.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
142
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1821737_0144.png
Table 5.12 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Italy
Italy
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
2007
1.2
62.4
2.9
20.4
16.1
-0.7
26.0
-0.2
19.5
0.6
7.0
0.0
10.2
-2.1
2008
0.2
62.9
3.0
21.2
16.6
-0.5
25.5
-0.1
18.9
-0.3
7.5
0.7
10.4
-0.6
2009
-1.7
62.3
3.4
25.3
17.6
0.8
24.9
-1.0
18.4
-0.9
7.3
0.9
9.2
-2.1
2010
-0.6
62.0
4.0
27.9
19.0
2.9
25.0
-1.0
18.7
-0.8
7.4
0.4
10.6
0.4
2011
0.3
62.1
4.3
29.2
19.7
3.1
28.1
2.6
19.8
0.9
11.1
3.6
10.5
0.1
2012
-0.3
63.5
5.6
35.3
21.0
3.4
29.9
5.0
19.5
1.1
14.5
7.2
10.6
1.4
2013
-1.8
63.4
6.9
40.0
22.2
3.2
28.5
3.5
19.3
0.6
12.3
4.9
11.3
0.7
2014
0.1
63.9
7.7
42.7
22.1
2.4
28.3
0.2
19.4
-0.4
11.6
0.5
12.1
1.6
2015
0.7
64.0
6.9
40.3
21.4
0.4
28.7
-1.2
19.9
0.4
11.5
-3.0
11.7
1.1
2016
1.3
64.9
6.7
37.8
19.9
-2.3
na
na
na
na
11.9p
-0.4p
na
na
Flags:p:Provisional.
1) Official transmission deadline for 2016 data on People at risk of poverty and social exclusion is 30 November 2017 while data were extracted on 24 October 2017
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
143
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1821737_0145.png
Table 5.13: Auxiliary indicators for Cyprus
Cyprus
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
4.8
25.5
0.4
na
na
na
na
-5.1
-0.4
-10.7e
3.3
-2.6
0.4
32.4
13.0
32.8e
12.3
270.0
360.1
2008
3.9
27.2
0.4
-15.3
58.3
8.7
701.6
-6.4
-0.7
-16.9e
0.1
-3.6
0.3
37.2
13.5
32.1
12.1
289.5
127.6
2009
-1.8
23.4
0.4
-7.3
70.0
10.8
711.8
-4.6
-1.3
-1.5e
-1.2
5.9
-1.8
45.5
16.2
10.3
9.8
310.9
147.6
2010
1.3
22.3
0.5
-11.0
70.9
53.3
773.4
-6.0
0.4
-9.0e
0.2
-8.1
0.8
42.5
15.8
-6.9p
8.1
320.6
121.3
2011
0.3
18.9
0.5
-3.7
127.1
-43.5
700.1
-6.8
0.7
-3.5e
-0.1
-1.3
0.3
41.8
17.2
-13.3p
6.2
327.3
138.0
2012
-3.1
15.1
0.4
-5.8
137.2
30.5
866.4
-7.5
2.0
-12.8e
-0.8
-5.5
0.1
39.2
17.0
-10.1p
4.9
330.4
102.7
2013
-5.9
14.1
0.5
-3.5
140.0
-25.0
863.8
-6.3
1.0
-8.7
-0.2
-1.7
0.0
20.8
4.5
-8.5p
4.1
341.5
90.9
2014
-1.4
11.7
0.5
-3.5
136.1
-2.2
849.4
-5.9
-0.1
-18.7
0.1
0.5
0.4
14.2
-0.7
-8.7p
4.1
353.8
99.5
2015
2.0
13.0
0.5
-1.2
148.3
41.4
1050.0
-4.1
-2.4
-10.6
-0.5
3.2
0.5
5.4
-6.2
-7.1bp
4.2
354.7
78.2
2016
3.0p
17.5p
na
-4.7
152.0
13.0
1061.6
-3.4p
-3.3
-5.7
0.0p
1.6p
-0.1p
3.0p
-7.9
-2.9p
4.6p
345.6p
76.3
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) House price index: e = Eurostat estimates.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
144
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1821737_0146.png
Table 5.13 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Cyprus
Cyprus
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
2007
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
4.4
73.9
0.7
10.2
9.0
-0.4
25.2
na
15.5
na
13.3
na
3.7
na
2008
3.5
73.6
0.5
9.0
9.7
-9.8
23.3b
-2.0b
15.9
-0.2
9.1
-3.1
4.5b
0.1b
2009
0.0
73.0b
0.6b
13.8
9.9b
-0.8b
23.5
-1.9
15.8
0.2
9.5
-3.1
4.0
0.2
2010
0.5
73.6
1.3
16.6
11.7
2.7
24.6
-0.6
15.6
0.1
11.2
-2.1
4.9
1.2
2011
0.0
73.5
1.6
22.4
14.6
4.9
24.6
1.3b
14.8
-1.1
11.7
2.6
4.9
0.4b
2012
-3.2
73.5
3.6
27.7
16.0
6.1
27.1
3.6
14.7
-1.1
15.0
5.5
6.5
2.5
2013
-5.9
73.6
6.1
38.9
18.7
7.0
27.8
3.2
15.3
-0.3
16.1
4.9
7.9
3.0
2014
-1.8
74.3
7.7
36.0
17.0
2.4
27.4
2.8
14.4
-0.4
15.3
3.6
9.7
4.8
2015
1.5
73.9
6.8
32.8
15.3
-0.7
28.9
1.8
16.2
1.5
15.4
0.4
10.9
4.4
2016
3.1p
73.4
5.8
29.1
16.0
-2.7
27.7
-0.1
16.1
0.8
13.6
-2.5
10.6
2.7
145
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1821737_0147.png
Table 5.14: Auxiliary indicators for Latvia
Latvia
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
10.0
36.4
0.6
-18.9
46.1
8.8
35.3
-4.3
10.8
114.6
7.8
5.9
5.9
96.2
69.0
162.1e
7.2
116.1
1007.6
2008
-3.5
32.1
0.6
-11.0
53.9
3.7
36.0
-5.5
21.5
96.7
3.9
-0.5
-2.7
132.8
92.4
113.8e
6.1
120.7
985.8
2009
-14.4
22.5
0.5
10.2
58.6
-0.2
46.3
-4.4
18.9
65.5
1.5
-2.9
-0.1
99.6
60.2
-13.6
2.4
145.5
831.3
2010
-3.9
19.4
0.6
4.0
55.7
1.9
49.7
-4.9
8.3
31.6
2.6
0.8
2.9
80.5
48.6
-43.6
1.6
151.1
795.3
2011
6.4
22.2
0.7
-1.1
47.2
5.3
50.1
-5.5
0.3
38.2
6.3
5.1
4.8
77.5
47.3
-38.4
1.9
131.4
690.8
2012
4.0
25.4
0.7
-0.6
39.5
3.8
49.7
-6.1
-0.7
20.8
-1.3
7.0
2.5
88.5
55.9
1.2
2.2
119.4
684.2
2013
2.6
23.2
0.6
-0.2
36.4
3.2
54.0
-5.6
0.2
14.1
1.0
-2.7
0.3
90.5
57.8
21.5
2.2
110.2
609.8
2014
1.9
22.5
0.7
1.5
33.6
3.0
56.3
-4.2
-1.3
19.0
-0.4
2.3
3.3
88.3
55.2
16.6
2.5
104.2
642.6
2015
2.8
22.1
0.6
2.3
29.2
3.1
59.8
-3.2
-2.0
14.5
0.1
-0.1
1.4
73.8
42.7
9.5
2.5
97.5
625.4
2016
2.1
18.2
0.4p
2.4
28.8
0.9
58.1
-2.3
-0.1
6.2
-0.1
1.8
2.4
56.6
27.2
11.1
2.0
96.9
643.0
Flags:p:Provisional.
1) House price index: e = Eurostat estimates.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
146
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Table 5.14 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Latvia
Latvia
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
Flags:b:Break in series.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
2007
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
3.8
72.6
1.6
10.6
11.9
-0.5
35.1
na
21.2
5.2
24.0
na
6.2
na
2008
-0.8
74.2
1.9
13.6
11.8
1.2
34.2b
-12.1b
25.9
6.5
19.3
-20.0
5.4
-2.9
2009
-14.3
73.5
4.5
33.3
17.5
6.0
37.9
-4.3
26.4
2.9
22.1
-9.2
7.4
0.3
2010
-6.7
73.0
8.8
36.2
17.8
5.9
38.2
3.1
20.9
-0.3
27.6
3.6
12.6
6.4
2011
1.5
72.8
8.8
31.0
16.0
4.2
40.1
5.9b
19.0
-6.9
31.0
11.7
12.6
7.2
2012
1.4
74.4
7.8
28.5
14.9
-2.6
36.2
-1.7
19.2
-7.2
25.6
3.5
11.7
4.3
2013
2.3
74.0
5.7
23.2
13.0
-4.8
35.1
-3.1
19.4
-1.5
24.0
-3.6
10.0
-2.6
2014
-1.3
74.6
4.6
19.6
12.0
-4.0
32.7
-7.4
21.2
2.2
19.2
-11.8
9.6
-3.0
2015
1.4
75.7
4.5
16.3
10.5
-4.4
30.9
-5.3
22.5
3.3
16.4
-9.2
7.8
-3.9
2016
-0.3
76.3
4.0
17.3
11.2
-1.8
28.5
-6.6
21.8
2.4
12.8
-11.2
7.2
-2.8
147
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1821737_0149.png
Table 5.15: Auxiliary indicators for Lithuania
Lithuania
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
11.1
28.6
0.8
-13.4
28.1
5.8
36.6
-4.2
4.6
43.3e
7.6
-4.7
8.9
28.2
7.4
103.7e
2.8
80.7
774.3
2008
2.6
26.0
0.8
-11.7
35.3
4.0
29.9
-5.7
10.4
59.2e
11.5
10.6
4.0
31.8
5.3
76.7e
3.4
81.9
1008.0
2009
-14.8
17.9
0.8
5.7
37.8
0.1
37.0
-4.1
12.9
41.9
-1.3
-2.8
-7.7
27.8
0.2
-3.5
3.3
86.7
783.0
2010
1.6
16.9
0.8
2.5
35.8
2.3
38.6
-7.1
9.9
28.7
-2.2
6.3
7.3
29.4
4.6
-29.3
2.1
78.3
605.9
2011
6.0
18.5
0.9
-1.3
32.1
3.5
37.9
-7.6
4.7
41.4
-0.2
8.5
5.5
34.9
10.0
-30.8
2.0
68.5
616.2
2012
3.8
17.4
0.9
1.5
34.0
1.4
38.2
-7.5
1.7
48.2
-1.9
9.6
2.0
35.3
9.4
-1.5
1.9
65.4
617.8
2013
3.5
18.5
1.0
3.9
29.2
1.5
38.7
-6.1
1.4
28.5
-5.6
6.1
2.1
38.5
12.8
7.7
2.2
62.2
578.1
2014
3.5
18.9
1.0
5.8
27.7
1.1
38.4
-4.7
-0.1
43.3
-0.9
-0.4
1.5
37.4
11.7
7.5
2.5
58.1
443.1
2015
2.0
19.6
1.0
0.2
25.8
2.3
40.0
-3.6
-1.4
17.0
2.2
-3.5
0.7
35.5
11.5
11.7
2.8
59.1
468.3
2016
2.3
18.9
0.7p
0.4
24.7
2.3
41.3
-2.6
-0.7
2.4
5.6
1.2
0.4
28.0
5.3
16.3
3.0
63.3
547.5
Flags: e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) House price index: e = Eurostat estimates.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
148
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Table 5.15 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Lithuania
Lithuania
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
Flags:u:Low reliability.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
2007
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
2.0
67.9
1.4u
8.4
7.1
-3.5
28.7
na
19.1
2.1
16.6
na
6.4
na
2008
-1.3
68.4
1.3u
13.3
8.8
0.0
28.3
-12.7
20.9
0.4
12.5
-20.1
6.1
-3.5
2009
-7.7
69.6
3.3
29.6
12.1
3.8
29.6
-6.3
20.3
0.3
15.6
-9.7
7.2
-1.1
2010
-5.3
70.2
7.4
35.7
13.2
6.1
34.0
5.3
20.5
1.4
19.9
3.3
9.5
3.1
2011
0.5
71.4
8.0
32.6
11.8
3.0
33.1
4.8
19.2
-1.7
19.0
6.5
12.7
6.6
2012
1.8
71.8
6.6
26.7
11.2
-0.9
32.5
2.9
18.6
-1.7
19.8
4.2
11.4
4.2
2013
1.3
72.4
5.1
21.9
11.1
-2.1
30.8
-3.2
20.6
0.1
16.0
-3.9
11.0
1.5
2014
2.0
73.7
4.8
19.3
9.9
-1.9
27.3
-5.8
19.1
-0.1
13.6
-5.4
8.8
-3.9
2015
1.3
74.1
3.9
16.3
9.2
-2.0
29.3
-3.2
22.2
3.6
13.9
-5.9
9.2
-2.2
2016
2.0
75.5
3.0
14.5
9.4
-1.7
30.1
-0.7
21.9
1.3
13.5
-2.5
10.2
-0.8
149
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1821737_0151.png
Table 5.16: Auxiliary indicators for Luxembourg
Luxembourg
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
8.4
18.4
1.6e
9.3
-2587.1
372.8
2757.4
-5.3
3.0
37.8
1.5
0.2
3.8
25.8
5.9
32.5be
4.0
331.7
59.7
2008
-1.3
20.3
1.6
6.9
-2139.8
182.4
2968.2
-6.6
2.1
28.8
1.8
2.6
-5.8
37.9
12.4
22.9e
4.4
326.7
69.8
2009
-4.4
18.4
1.7
6.1
-2686.1
410.6
3505.4
-4.1
0.9
21.3
3.6
-1.6
-5.4
46.8
17.0
9.3e
3.5
377.8
55.3
2010
4.9
17.6
1.5
6.2
-2972.4
423.7
3640.8
-4.8
1.7
11.7
4.6
-2.2
3.0
41.4
17.1
7.7
2.9
342.9
48.3
2011
2.5
19.2
1.5
5.6
-2345.3
679.9
4666.0
-5.9
2.0
5.0
3.0
-2.9
-0.4
36.0
16.2
8.0
3.0
348.7
58.1
2012
-0.4
20.2
1.3b
4.7
-2329.9
981.1
6000.7
-6.3
2.8
0.6
4.2
0.0
-2.7
38.2
17.1
13.9
3.2
371.0
60.8
2013
3.7
19.5
1.3
4.3
-2162.8
1025.1
6486.1
-5.4
1.7
11.4
2.8
1.5
1.8
36.7
16.2
13.4
3.6
375.2
56.9
2014
5.8
19.0
1.3
3.8
-1967.3
273.1
7817.6
-4.4
0.8
19.4
1.2
10.3
3.1
32.0
14.4
14.2
3.2
384.8
54.1
2015
2.9
17.3
1.3
4.6
-1948.1
1063.5
9159.2
-3.1
0.3
26.1
0.1
3.8
0.3
31.1
11.6
15.5
3.0
418.7
53.5
2016
3.1
17.2
na
4.4
-1875.5
23.2
8938.5
-2.5
-0.2
22.7
-1.0
0.4
0.0
28.4
7.8
16.6
3.2
410.1
54.0
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated.
1) House price index: e = NSI&NCB estimates. 2) Private sector debt: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
150
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1821737_0152.png
Table 5.16 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Luxembourg
Luxembourg
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
2007
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
4.4
66.9b
1.2b
15.6
5.7b
-0.6b
15.9
-0.2
13.5
0.8
0.8
0.0
5.0
-1.2
2008
4.8
66.8
1.6
17.3
6.2
0.7
15.5
-1.8
13.4
-0.3
0.7
-1.1
4.7
-1.0
2009
1.0
68.7b
1.2b
16.5
5.8b
-0.9b
17.8
1.3
14.9
0.8
1.1
0.0
6.3
1.1
2010
1.8
68.2
1.3
15.8
5.1
-0.6
17.1
1.2
14.5
1.0
0.5
-0.3
5.5
0.5
2011
3.0
67.9
1.4
16.4
4.7
-1.5
16.8
1.3
13.6
0.2
1.2
0.5
5.8
1.1
2012
2.4
69.4
1.6
18.0
5.9
0.1
18.4
0.6
15.1
0.2
1.3
0.2
6.1
-0.2
2013
1.8
69.9
1.8
16.9
5.0
-0.1
19.0
1.9
15.9
1.4
1.8
1.3
6.6
1.1
2014
2.6
70.8
1.6
22.3
6.3
1.6
19.0
2.2
16.4
2.8
1.4
0.2
6.1
0.3
2015
2.6
70.9b
1.9b
16.6
6.2b
0.3b
18.5
0.1
15.3
0.2
2.0
0.7
5.7
-0.4
2016
3.0
70.0
2.2
19.1
5.4
0.4
19.7bp
0.7bp
16.5bp
0.6bp
1.6bp
-0.2bp
6.6bp
0.0bp
151
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1821737_0153.png
Table 5.17: Auxiliary indicators for Hungary
Hungary
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
0.4
23.6
1.0
-6.4
26.3
49.6
176.7
-4.6
8.9
41.3
-3.1
8.2
0.3
94.0
73.0
na
4.0
109.0
117.5
2008
0.9
23.2
1.0
-5.8
67.1
47.6
218.0
-6.2
8.5
39.4
-4.0
4.0
2.9
81.2
56.8
na
4.1
119.4
136.4
2009
-6.6
22.7
1.1
0.9
78.4
-2.6
226.9
-4.9
5.3
22.4
-2.6
-1.4
-4.2
75.1
45.9
na
4.1
131.2
136.9
2010
0.7
20.2
1.1
2.1
49.7
-16.0
214.3
-5.1
0.0
11.8
-0.8
-1.3
1.8
56.6
31.3
-5.3
3.1
129.3
121.1
2011
1.7
19.7
1.2
3.1
68.3
9.9
236.3
-6.0
-2.5
6.6
-0.9
-0.4
1.7
43.2
20.7
-10.7
2.2
130.1
130.3
2012
-1.6
19.3
1.3
4.3
69.0
8.1
227.1
-6.3
4.4
-11.9
-2.2
-4.6
-1.8
39.5
17.4
-9.2
2.0
118.7
120.5
2013
2.1
20.9
1.4
7.3
59.6
-2.8
211.4
-6.3
-3.2
-16.9
-0.3
0.4
1.0
30.8
10.7
-9.4
1.8
111.2
124.7
2014
4.2
22.2
1.4
5.2
57.6
9.5
217.2
-6.2
-7.2
-10.7
-0.8
5.4
-0.6
26.7
8.4
-2.2
1.9
108.1
125.0
2015
3.4
21.9
1.4
8.0
24.0
-4.4
222.4
-4.2
-7.1
-6.4
0.0
5.4
0.9
20.1
6.5
14.8
2.2
99.5
109.3
2016
2.2
19.2
1.2
6.2
9.5
55.6
260.8
-3.2
-5.1
-3.2
2.6
1.1
-0.4
23.2
9.1
33.6
2.4
92.5
75.8
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
152
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1821737_0154.png
Table 5.17 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Hungary
Hungary
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
2007
0.1
61.6
3.5
18.1
11.5
-1.2
29.4
na
12.3
2.3
19.9
na
11.3
na
2008
-2.0
61.2
3.6
19.5i
11.5
-1.4
28.2
-3.9
12.4
-1.1
17.9
-5.0
12.0
2.5
2009
-2.5
61.2
4.2
26.4
13.6
1.2
29.6
-1.8
12.4
-3.5
20.3
-0.6
11.3
-1.8
2010
-1.1
61.9
5.5
26.4
12.6
1.1
29.9
0.5
12.3
0.0
21.6
1.7
11.9
0.6
2011
0.0
62.4
5.2
26.0
13.2
1.7
31.5
3.3
14.1
1.7
23.4
5.5
12.8
0.8
2012
0.2
63.7
5.0
28.2
14.8
1.2
33.5
3.9
14.3
1.9
26.3
6.0
13.5
2.2
2013
1.1
64.7
4.9
26.6
15.5
2.9
34.8
4.9
15.0
2.7
27.8
6.2
13.6
1.7
2014
4.8
67.0
3.7
20.4
13.6
0.4
31.8
0.3
15.0
0.9
24.0
0.6
12.8
0.0
2015
2.4
68.6
3.1
17.3
11.6b
-3.2b
28.2
-5.3
14.9
0.6
19.4
-6.9
9.4
-4.1
2016
2.6
70.1
2.4
12.9
11.0
-4.5
26.3
-8.5
14.5
-0.5
16.2
-11.6
8.2
-5.4
Flags:b:Break in series.
1) Youth unemployment rate: i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
153
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1821737_0155.png
Table 5.18: Auxiliary indicators for Malta
Malta
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
4.0
22.4
0.6
-0.7
-385.9
451.2
1549.3
-1.5
-0.7
na
2.1
3.0
1.7
na
4.5
56.2e
7.4
180.5
48.7
2008
3.3
19.6
0.5
-0.7
-428.8
164.7
1636.5
-2.3
0.6
23.4
0.0
16.5
0.8
na
4.8
61.1
5.6
195.9
50.1
2009
-2.5
18.2
0.5
-5.4
-334.8
16.8
1698.3
-0.1
1.5
58.1
1.0
9.6
-2.5
na
6.6
28.6
4.3
217.0
50.1
2010
3.5
21.4
0.6
-2.7
-490.7
106.3
1859.2
1.1
3.5
49.1
1.6
-5.7
1.8
30.4
9.8
7.4
3.4
218.3
45.9
2011
1.4
18.0
0.7
1.2
-495.8
82.0
2024.4
-2.8
1.8
28.4
1.1
-5.2
-1.5
28.7
9.5
-4.6
3.4
227.3
40.9
2012
2.6
18.2
0.8
3.2
-479.5
36.1
2052.3
-12.2
1.1
25.6
0.2
4.5
0.1
32.0
13.1
2.7
3.0
221.7
39.0
2013
4.6
17.5
0.8
4.4
-376.6
5.7
1973.2
-9.2
0.1
7.0
1.0
-2.6
0.8
29.4
12.1
1.2
2.6
214.6
38.3
2014
8.2
17.4
0.7
10.5
-302.1
2.8
1852.4
-14.9
0.7
-6.2
2.1
0.2
2.9
24.2
7.1
5.2
2.5
210.6
41.6
2015
7.1
25.1
0.8
6.4
-257.3
28.7
1771.4
-9.2
1.0
-0.5
1.0
1.1
3.0
25.9
9.4
8.1
3.2
198.0
36.8
2016
5.5
23.8
0.6p
7.4
-222.0
22.3
1736.5
-9.0
2.1
5.6
1.4
1.2
1.8
22.1
6.9
14.6p
3.9
194.8
35.4
Flags:p:Provisional.
1) House price index: e = Eurostat estimates.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
154
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1821737_0156.png
Table 5.18 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Malta
Malta
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
2007
2.2
58.8
2.7
13.5
11.5
-1.6
19.7
na
15.1
0.1
4.4
na
9.6
na
2008
2.5
59.1
2.6
11.7
8.3
-3.6
20.1
-0.4
15.3
1.0
4.3
-1.1
8.6
-1.0
2009
0.0
59.4
2.9
14.5
9.9
-0.4
20.3
0.8
14.9
0.7
5.0
1.1
9.2
-0.5
2010
1.7
60.4
3.1
13.2
9.5
-2.0
21.2
1.5
15.5
0.4
6.5
2.1
9.2
-0.4
2011
2.9
61.8
3.0
13.3
10.2
1.9
22.1
2.0
15.6
0.3
6.6
2.3
8.9
0.3
2012
2.5
63.1
3.1
14.1
10.6
0.7
23.1
2.8
15.1
0.2
9.2
4.2
9.0
-0.2
2013
3.7
65.0
2.9
13.0
9.9
0.4
24.0
2.8
15.7
0.2
9.5
3.0
9.0
-0.2
2014
5.1
66.3
2.7
11.7
10.5
0.3
23.8
1.7
15.9
0.3
10.2
3.6
9.8
0.9
2015
3.9
67.6
2.4
11.8
10.4
-0.2
22.4
-0.7
16.3
1.2
8.1
-1.1
9.2
0.2
2016
3.7
69.1
1.9
11.0
8.5
-1.4
20.1
-3.9
16.5
0.8
4.4
-5.1
7.3
-1.7
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
155
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1821737_0157.png
Table 5.19: Auxiliary indicators for Netherlands
Netherlands
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
3.7
21.8
1.7
5.3
46.4
85.9
409.0
-1.2
-1.8
7.0
0.4
-2.3
0.7
19.8
8.4
14.5e
6.3
220.9
218.2
2008
1.7
22.3
1.6
5.0
59.8
17.8
404.8
-0.7
-2.3
4.5
-0.2
-1.1
0.1
22.4
7.0
11.7
6.2
222.2
219.2
2009
-3.8
21.3
1.7
5.6
63.7
11.1
422.0
-0.7
-1.1
2.6
1.0
1.1
-2.9
27.1
7.1
2.4
5.6
239.9
172.7
2010
1.4
19.7
1.7
6.6
71.9
14.6
436.6
-1.5
-1.0
-0.6
-0.4
-2.1
2.1
21.3
4.3
-4.0
4.7
240.2
161.9
2011
1.7
20.3
1.9b
8.8
67.7
37.5
478.0
-1.9
-0.1
0.1
-2.1
-2.5
0.8
19.0
3.7
-8.0
4.2
242.2
152.8
2012
-1.1
18.9
1.9b
9.0
52.3
29.8
509.3
-2.6
-0.4
-2.4
-2.3
1.0
-0.9
17.1
1.6
-10.1
3.5
240.5
138.5
2013
-0.2
17.9
2.0
10.0
52.2
37.9
540.8
-1.4
1.4
-4.5
-1.7
-1.7
1.0
15.7
0.9
-14.0
3.0
235.4
127.2
2014
1.4
18.0
2.0
8.5
53.7
13.1
565.3
-1.6
1.3
-4.9
-2.6
0.8
1.5
15.9
0.4
-11.6
3.0
234.2
126.8
2015
2.3
19.4
2.0
3.6
51.7
19.3
587.2
-1.1
1.0
-5.1
-0.3
3.4
1.3p
14.5p
0.8
-1.9
3.5
236.0
123.1
2016
2.2p
19.9p
na
8.8
43.7
19.6
598.9
-0.7p
-0.4
-2.7
1.8p
2.0p
1.1p
14.7p
1.7
9.9
4.0p
231.3p
119.8p
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) House price index: e = NSI estimates.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
156
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1821737_0158.png
Table 5.19 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Netherlands
Netherlands
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
2007
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
3.0
78.5
1.2
9.4
3.5
-1.8
15.7
na
10.2
-0.8
1.7
na
9.7
na
2008
1.6
79.3
0.9
8.6
3.4
-1.9
14.9
-1.8
10.5
-0.2
1.5
-1.0
8.2
-1.6
2009
-0.9
79.7
0.8
10.2
4.1
0.1
15.1
-0.9
11.1
1.4
1.4
-0.9
8.5
-2.4
2010
-0.7
78.2b
1.2b
11.1
4.3b
0.8b
15.1
-0.6
10.3
0.1
2.2
0.5
8.4
-1.3
2011
0.9
78.1b
1.6b
10.0
4.3
0.9
15.7
0.8
11.0
0.5
2.5
1.0
8.9
0.7
2012
-0.2
79.0
1.9
11.7
4.9
0.8
15.0
-0.1
10.1
-1.0
2.3
0.9
8.9
0.4
2013
-1.2
79.4
2.5
13.2
5.6b
1.3b
15.9
0.8
10.4
0.1
2.5
0.3
9.3
0.9
2014
-0.1
79.0
2.9
12.7
5.5
1.2
16.5
0.8
11.6
0.6
3.2
0.7
10.2
1.3
2015
0.9p
79.6
3.0
11.3
4.7
-0.2
16.4
1.4
11.6
1.5
2.6
0.3
10.2
1.3
2016
1.1p
79.7
2.5
10.8
4.6
-1.0
16.7b
0.8b
12.7b
2.3b
2.6b
0.1b
9.7b
0.4b
157
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1821737_0159.png
Table 5.20: Auxiliary indicators for Austria
Austria
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
3.7
22.9
2.4
3.8
15.4
17.3
74.9
-2.8
-0.6
11.5
-2.0
-0.3
1.9
6.2
-4.9
14.4e
4.3
140.5
204.6
2008
1.5
23.3
2.6e
4.4
23.2
1.5
72.7
-3.5
-0.7
6.3
-4.0
-0.7
-0.4
10.0
-4.5
10.1e
4.4
142.7
290.2
2009
-3.8
22.4
2.6
2.6
20.6
3.4
81.1
-2.4
-0.3
1.9
-1.7
-4.4
-3.3
15.7
-3.2
9.9e
4.3
145.3
237.3
2010
1.8
21.6
2.7e
2.9
28.0
-5.4
74.8
-2.9
0.1
-5.5
-2.5
0.5
1.1
15.9
-1.2
11.5be
4.3
147.6
229.2
2011
2.9
22.5
2.7
1.5
24.0
5.4
72.8
-3.7
1.2
-4.5
-3.1
-1.0
1.3
15.6
-0.4
17.3e
4.4
145.5
245.6
2012
0.7
22.6
2.9e
1.3
25.8
1.3
74.7
-3.9
1.3
-12.3
-3.2
-1.4
-0.4
18.7
2.0
21.1e
4.3
143.7
220.4
2013
0.0
23.0
3.0
1.8
20.1
0.1
75.2
-3.5
1.6
-12.1
-1.9
-3.2
-0.3
20.0
3.6
19.9
4.3
146.7
204.9
2014
0.8
22.6
3.1e
2.4
20.0
0.4
77.8
-3.0
1.6
-9.7
-2.8
-0.7
-0.1
22.4
5.4
16.8
4.3
142.7
193.7
2015
1.1
22.5
3.1
1.4
19.2
-2.3
75.0
-2.3
2.3
-7.7
-0.2
0.0
0.5
23.2
6.3
14.2
4.3
142.3
183.2
2016
1.5
23.1
3.1p
2.0
19.5
-7.8
66.6
-1.9
2.4
-6.7
2.1
-0.4
0.2
24.1
4.8
17.8
4.2
142.2
191.0
Flags:e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) House price index: e = source NCB.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
158
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1821737_0160.png
Table 5.20 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Austria
Austria
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
Flags:b:Break in series.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
2007
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
1.8
73.5b
1.3b
9.4
7.4b
-1.7b
16.7
-1.2
12.0
-1.0
3.3
-0.5
8.2
1.4
2008
1.9
73.9
1.0
8.5
7.4
-1.2
20.6b
3.2b
15.2
2.6
5.9
2.4
7.4b
0.1b
2009
-0.5
74.3
1.2
10.7
8.2
0.4
19.1
1.3
14.5
1.9
4.6
1.0
7.1
-1.0
2010
0.8
74.4
1.2
9.5
7.4
0.0
18.9
2.2
14.7
2.7
4.3
1.0
7.8
-0.4
2011
1.6
74.6
1.2
8.9
7.3
-0.1
19.2
-1.4b
14.5
-0.7
4.0
-1.9
8.6
1.2b
2012
1.0
75.1
1.2
9.4
6.8
-1.4
18.5
-0.6
14.4
-0.1
4.0
-0.6
7.7
0.6
2013
0.3
75.5
1.3
9.7
7.3
-0.1
18.8
-0.1
14.4
-0.3
4.2
-0.1
7.8
0.0
2014
1.0
75.4
1.5
10.3
7.7
0.4
19.2
0.0
14.1
-0.4
4.0
0.0
9.1
0.5
2015
0.6
75.5
1.7
10.6
7.5
0.7
18.3
-0.2
13.9
-0.5
3.6
-0.4
8.2
0.5
2016
1.2
76.2
1.9
11.2
7.7
0.4
18.0
-0.8
14.1
-0.3
3.0
-1.2
8.1
0.3
159
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1821737_0161.png
Table 5.21: Auxiliary indicators for Poland
Poland
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
7.0
22.5
0.6
-5.3
19.7
5.8
38.4
-2.6
18.9
70.9e
5.5
2.1
2.4
na
9.5
na
3.7
56.8
211.8
2008
4.2
23.1
0.6
-5.6
28.3
2.7
39.7
-3.0
14.5
68.4e
4.5
4.2
0.4
na
3.9
na
3.8
69.7
407.9
2009
2.8
21.4
0.7
-2.3
30.1
3.2
40.4
-2.2
-6.2
45.8
4.5
4.1
2.4
na
-3.7
na
3.4
69.5
339.9
2010
3.6
20.3
0.7
-3.6
31.1
3.7
48.4
-2.6
-0.2
34.9
1.7
0.5
6.4b
13.7b
-3.3
na
3.2
72.7
298.8
2011
5.0
20.7
0.8
-3.2
33.6
3.4
47.3
-3.3
-9.6
25.7
0.3
1.0
4.4
7.9
-7.6
-6.4e
3.0
76.6
363.9
2012
1.6
19.8
0.9
-1.5
34.3
1.5
47.7
-3.4
7.1
13.6
-2.6
1.8
1.5
13.0
-3.6
-7.0e
3.2
76.6
307.1
2013
1.4
18.8
0.9
1.0
36.1
0.2
50.1
-2.7
-3.3
7.4
-0.1
2.3
1.5
16.8
0.2
-7.6
3.0
78.7
273.5
2014
3.3
19.7
0.9
0.4
36.4
3.6
51.5
-2.6
-1.7
12.3
-1.4
3.0
1.5
19.2
1.7
-6.8
3.0
81.7
284.3
2015
3.8
20.1
1.0
1.8
34.7
3.2
48.1
-1.6
-1.9
11.2
2.5
4.6
2.3
17.7
0.1
-2.0
2.5
83.4
300.9
2016
2.9
18.1
na
0.8
32.1
3.6
50.2
-1.4
-5.5
14.8
4.9
6.5
2.3p
21.1p
2.3
4.4
3.0
86.4
321.0
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) House price index: e = NSI estimates. 2) Unit labour cost for 2010. Since the indicator is 10 year % change the break affects all the following years.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
160
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1821737_0162.png
Table 5.21 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Poland
Poland
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
2007
4.5
63.2
4.9
21.6
10.6
-4.4
34.4
na
17.3
1.3
22.3
na
10.1
na
2008
3.8
63.8
2.4
17.2
9.0b
-4.9b
30.5b
-14.8b
16.9
-3.6
17.7
-16.1
8.0
-6.3
2009
0.4
64.7
2.5
20.6i
10.1
-2.5
27.8
-11.7
17.1
-2.0
15.0
-12.6
6.9
-5.5
2010
-2.7b
65.3b
3.0b
23.7
10.8b
0.2b
27.8
-6.6
17.6
0.3
14.2
-8.1
7.3
-2.8
2011
0.6
65.7
3.6
25.8
11.5
2.5
27.2
-3.3b
17.7
0.8
13.0
-4.7
6.9
-1.1
2012
0.1
66.5
4.1
26.5
11.8
1.7
26.7
-1.1
17.1
0.0
13.5
-1.5
6.9
0.0
2013
-0.1
67.0
4.4
27.3
12.2b
1.4b
25.8
-2.0
17.3
-0.3
11.9
-2.3
7.2
-0.1
2014
1.7
67.9
3.8
23.9
12.0
0.5
24.7
-2.5
17.0
-0.7
10.4
-2.6
7.3
0.4
2015
1.5
68.1
3.0
20.8
11.0
-0.8
23.4
-3.3
17.6
0.5
8.1
-5.4
6.9
0.0
2016
0.6p
68.8
2.2
17.7
10.5
-1.7
21.9
-3.9
17.3
0.0
6.7
-5.2
6.4
-0.8
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) Youth unemployment rate: i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
161
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1821737_0163.png
Table 5.22: Auxiliary indicators for Portugal
Portugal
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
2.5
22.5
1.1
-8.6
64.7
2.5
51.0
-3.6
0.6
6.2
-0.5
-0.6
2.5
30.4
11.8
5.8e
5.2
196.7
216.5
2008
0.2
22.8
1.5b
-10.9
74.6
3.0
47.6
-4.6
0.0
-1.1
-2.9
-3.2
-0.2
29.1
6.9
7.3be
4.7
208.2
266.0
2009
-3.0
21.1
1.6
-9.3
82.9
2.3
53.6
-2.8
-1.7
-0.3
2.3
-0.2
-0.3
28.9
3.9
4.2e
4.1
217.0
267.1
2010
1.9
20.5
1.5
-8.8
81.2
3.5
56.4
-3.4
-2.1
0.7
2.1
-3.1
3.4
22.0
0.5
3.6e
3.6
215.9
296.8
2011
-1.8
18.4
1.5
-4.5
84.5
4.0
54.7
-4.2
-0.5
-0.2
-0.5
0.1
0.1
15.1
-3.8
-5.1
3.3
220.0
408.7
2012
-4.0
15.8
1.4
0.3
101.8
10.1
66.7
-4.7
0.9
-6.7
-0.5
0.6
0.1
8.0
-8.7
-11.0
2.9
231.4
388.1
2013
-1.1
14.8
1.3
3.2
99.6
4.7
69.5
-3.7
0.1
-0.3
3.7
3.2
1.8
6.1
-9.1
-13.3
2.5
220.9
364.3
2014
0.9
15.0
1.3
1.6
104.4
5.7
74.0
-3.6
-1.2
0.7
0.1
0.6
-0.5
4.5
-10.1
-4.9
2.5
208.1
358.3
2015
1.8
15.5
1.2
1.3
100.8
1.2
73.5
-2.3
-1.0
4.0
4.7
3.0
0.4
1.1
-12.2
5.4
2.4
195.8
379.1
2016
1.5p
15.3p
1.3p
1.7
94.5
4.5
76.1
-1.6p
0.5
2.8
7.8p
1.8p
-0.1p
2.6p
-11.2
15.1
2.5p
185.0p
394.9
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) House price index: e = source NCB.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
162
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1821737_0164.png
Table 5.22 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Portugal
Portugal
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
2007
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
0.0
73.9
3.8
21.4
11.2
0.0
25.0
-2.5
18.1
-2.3
9.6
-0.3
7.2
0.3
2008
0.4
73.9
3.6
21.6
10.2
-0.9
26.0
-0.1
18.5
-0.9
9.7
0.4
6.3
0.3
2009
-2.7
73.4
4.2
25.3
11.2
0.6
24.9
-0.1
17.9
-0.6
9.1
0.0
7.0
0.4
2010
-1.4
73.7
5.7
28.2
11.4
0.2
25.3
0.3
17.9
-0.2
9.0
-0.6
8.6
1.4
2011
-1.9
73.6b
6.2b
30.2
12.6b
2.4b
24.4
-1.6
18.0
-0.5
8.3
-1.4
8.3
2.0
2012
-4.1
73.4
7.7
38.0
13.9
2.7
25.3
0.4
17.9
0.0
8.6
-0.5
10.1
3.1
2013
-2.9
73.0
9.3
38.1
14.1
2.7
27.5
2.2
18.7
0.8
10.9
1.9
12.2
3.6
2014
1.4
73.2
8.4
34.7
12.3
-0.3
27.5
3.1
19.5
1.5
10.6
2.3
12.2
3.9
2015
1.4
73.4
7.2
32.0
11.3
-2.6
26.6
1.3
19.5
1.6
9.6
1.0
10.9
0.8
2016
1.6p
73.7
6.2
28.2
10.6
-3.5
25.1
-2.4
19.0
0.3
8.4
-2.5
9.1
-3.1
163
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1821737_0165.png
Table 5.23: Auxiliary indicators for Romania
Romania
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
6.9
36.0
0.5
-13.2
20.4
5.9
36.7
-2.6
38.9
102.1
26.9
-0.1
6.5
948.0
812.2
na
2.4
106.1
510.7
2008
8.5
38.4
0.6
-11.4
27.7
6.5
35.9
-2.8
9.9
113.6
28.9
-6.1
8.4
604.8
492.6
na
3.1
112.9
674.2
2009
-7.1
26.0
0.5
-4.3
33.0
2.8
40.7
-1.6
-6.5
83.7
25.5
4.7
-5.2
420.7
322.1
na
2.9
120.8
560.8
2010
-0.8
25.9
0.5
-4.9
35.7
2.0
41.4
-2.2
-9.2
65.9
23.2
2.6
-0.5
223.4
166.5
na
2.9
74.9
530.6
2011
1.1
27.1
0.5b
-4.4
37.5
1.3
41.4
-2.7
-1.7
63.7
18.6
5.0
1.9
109.7
74.8
-38.2e
2.7
73.9
526.1
2012
0.6
27.3
0.5
-3.4
38.4
1.8
43.2
-3.0
3.2
25.8
6.6
-1.8
5.7b
117.6b
82.4
-23.0
3.1
72.7
433.2
2013
3.5
24.7
0.4
1.0
35.8
2.0
42.9
-1.9
0.6
22.5
4.2
15.9
4.4
79.3
52.6
-17.0
2.4
67.7
432.0
2014
3.1
24.3
0.4
2.0
29.8
1.9
41.9
-1.4
-1.3
28.8
4.5
4.3
2.3
81.2
54.2
-7.3
2.4
63.1
402.1
2015
4.0
24.7
0.5
1.2
27.2
2.4
42.6
-0.9
2.4
22.7
6.0
1.5
5.3
43.6
22.7
0.5
2.4
61.2
390.7
2016
4.6p
22.7p
na
0.4
22.5
3.3
44.8
-0.9p
-2.6
20.1
4.8p
6.0p
5.5p
44.0p
20.3
6.7
2.5p
57.2p
406.7
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) House price index: e = NSI estimates.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
164
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1821737_0166.png
Table 5.23 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Romania
Romania
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
2007
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
0.4
63.0
3.2
19.3
13.3
-6.5
47.0
na
24.6
7.6
38.0
na
9.9
na
2008
0.0
62.9
2.4
17.6
11.6
-5.2
44.2
na
23.6
6.6
32.7
na
8.5
na
2009
-2.0
63.1
2.2
20.0
13.9
-0.9
43.0
na
22.1
4.1
32.1
na
8.1
na
2010
-0.3
64.9b
2.4b
22.1
16.6b
3.3b
41.5
-5.5
21.6
-3.0
30.5
-7.5
7.7
-2.2
2011
-0.8
64.1
2.9
23.9
17.5
5.9
40.9
-3.3
22.3
-1.3
29.5
-3.2
7.3
-1.2
2012
-4.8b
64.8
3.0
22.6
16.8
2.9
43.2
0.2
22.9
0.8
31.1
-1.0
7.9
-0.2
2013
-0.9
64.9
3.2
23.7
17.0
0.4
41.9
0.4
23.0
1.4
29.8
-0.7
7.6
-0.1
2014
0.8
65.7
2.8
24.0
17.0
-0.5
40.3
-0.6
25.1
2.8
25.9
-3.6
7.2
-0.1
2015
-1.3
66.1
3.0
21.7
18.1
1.3
37.4
-5.8
25.4
2.5
22.7
-8.4
7.9
0.0
2016
-0.9p
65.6
3.0
20.6
17.4
0.4
38.8p
-3.1p
25.3p
2.3p
23.8
-6.0
8.2
0.6
165
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1821737_0167.png
Table 5.24: Auxiliary indicators for Slovenia
Slovenia
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
6.9
28.8
1.4
-4.3
24.2
2.3
24.0
-4.7
2.0
35.7
-2.3
5.7
3.5
55.5
38.9
65.2e
4.2
104.0
447.4
2008
3.3
29.6
1.6b
-5.4
34.5
2.0
25.0
-6.2
3.9
29.5
-4.1
1.3
0.7
57.5
36.0
54.5e
4.6
114.6
680.5
2009
-7.8
24.3
1.8
-0.5
40.7
-0.7
26.1
-3.9
3.9
18.8
0.4
-6.6
-6.1
63.4
35.8
19.8e
3.8
124.1
666.2
2010
1.2
21.3
2.1
0.0
43.9
0.6
27.0
-5.0
3.2
6.4
-1.6
-2.4
3.4
53.0
29.3
-3.0
3.1
125.3
654.6
2011
0.6
20.2
2.4b
0.0
41.0
1.7
28.7
-6.2
0.4
2.8
-2.4
0.0
2.4
39.2
18.6
-6.9
2.8
125.3
737.8
2012
-2.7
19.2
2.6
2.3
45.9
0.1
29.8
-6.7
0.3
-11.5
-4.3
-2.2
-1.8
32.4
12.4
-4.2
2.5
124.3
740.1
2013
-1.1
19.8
2.6
4.8
42.6
0.2
29.1
-5.5
0.0
-12.1
-2.3
-0.7
0.0
27.3
8.9
-9.4
2.4
118.4
594.0
2014
3.0
19.4
2.4
6.0
41.4
2.0
31.5
-4.1
0.4
-6.6
-4.6
2.0
2.6
21.5
3.4
-17.6
2.2
107.3
449.2
2015
2.3
18.9
2.2
5.4
35.4
4.0
34.4
-3.1
-0.7
-2.8
0.7
1.9
1.0
20.2
2.7
-10.8
2.1
95.5
409.7
2016
3.1
17.6
na
4.5
29.0
3.2
37.1
-2.1
-1.6
1.1
3.0
4.1
1.2
20.6
1.7
-2.8
2.1
88.1
399.3
Flags:b:Break in series.
1) House price index: e = NSI estimates.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
166
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1821737_0168.png
Table 5.24 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Slovenia
Slovenia
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
2007
3.4
71.3
2.2
10.1
6.7
-0.8
17.1
na
11.5
1.5
5.1
na
7.3
na
2008
2.6
71.8
1.9
10.4
6.5
-2.4
18.5
0.0
12.3
0.1
6.7
1.6
6.7
-1.9
2009
-1.8
71.8
1.8
13.6
7.5
-1.0
17.1
0.0
11.3
-0.3
6.1
1.0
5.6
-1.3
2010
-2.1
71.5
3.2
14.7
7.1
0.4
18.3
1.2
12.7
1.2
5.9
0.8
7.0
-0.3
2011
-1.7
70.3
3.6
15.7
7.1
0.6
19.3
0.8
13.6
1.3
6.1
-0.6
7.6
0.9
2012
-0.9
70.4
4.3
20.6
9.3
1.8
19.6
2.5
13.5
2.2
6.6
0.5
7.5
1.9
2013
-1.1
70.5
5.2
21.6
9.2
2.1
20.4
2.1
14.5
1.8
6.7
0.8
8.0
1.0
2014
0.4
70.9
5.3
20.2
9.4
2.3
20.4
1.1
14.5
0.9
6.6
0.5
8.7
1.1
2015
1.2
71.8
4.7
16.3
9.5
0.2
19.2
-0.4
14.3
0.8
5.8
-0.8
7.4
-0.1
2016
1.9
71.6
4.3
15.2
8.0
-1.2
18.4
-2.0
13.9
-0.6
5.4
-1.3
7.4
-0.6
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
167
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1821737_0169.png
Table 5.25: Auxiliary indicators for Slovakia
Slovakia
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
Flags:e:Estimated.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
2007
10.8
26.8
0.5
-5.1
12.9
6.5
64.2
-4.9
21.7
83.9e
-3.3
6.7
8.5
44.4
29.8
na
2.5
61.2
998.4e
2008
5.6
25.5
0.5
-5.3
17.7
4.9
60.5
-5.9
26.7
46.8e
-4.5
0.1
2.3
43.1
24.5
na
2.5
66.1
1148.8e
2009
-5.4
21.7
0.5
-2.7
22.4
1.9
64.3
-4.4
24.7
18.8
-5.3
-6.8
-3.5
46.1
22.4
32.7
3.0
71.1
1141.3e
2010
5.0
22.1
0.6
-3.2
20.6
2.3
62.5
-5.7
12.7
12.4
-5.7
3.1
6.7
31.7
12.4
-1.2
2.6
69.6
986.2e
2011
2.8
24.0
0.7
-3.7
21.4
5.6
65.8
-6.4
4.9
6.2
-5.6
5.1
1.0
29.3
11.2
-17.5
2.4
73.2
970.3e
2012
1.7
21.2
0.8
2.9
22.3
1.9
64.7
-5.9
1.9
0.5
-5.7
6.5
1.6
25.2
7.2
-8.0
2.3
74.9
841.5e
2013
1.5
20.7
0.8
3.3
23.9
1.0
64.8
-5.9
2.5
3.3
-4.6
2.9
2.3
21.1
4.5
-3.3
2.7
79.9
745.5e
2014
2.8
20.7
0.9
2.1
27.5
-0.4
62.1
-4.3
0.5
9.3
-3.5
0.2
1.3
18.9
2.1
-0.4
2.3
85.1
774.2e
2015
3.9
23.9
1.2
1.8
28.9
1.7
63.5
-3.5
-1.2
6.1
-3.2
3.3
1.8
16.3
-0.3
7.8
2.3
85.9
530.6e
2016
3.3
21.2
0.8
0.5
28.4
4.0
65.6
-2.6
-2.0
4.3
-2.2
3.9
0.9
16.1
-1.7
14.0
2.4
92.6
571.6e
168
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1821737_0170.png
Table 5.25 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Slovakia
Slovakia
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
2007
2.1
68.3
8.3
20.6
12.5
-5.4
21.4
na
10.6
na
13.7
na
6.4
na
2008
3.2
68.8
6.6
19.3
11.1
-4.7
20.6
-11.4
10.9
-2.4
11.8
-10.3
5.2
-1.4
2009
-2.0
68.4
6.5
27.6
12.5
-1.9
19.6
-7.1
11.0
-0.6
11.1
-7.1
5.6
-0.6
2010
-1.5
68.7
9.2
33.9
14.1
1.6
20.6
-0.8
12.0
1.4
11.4
-2.3
7.9
1.5
2011
1.8
68.7b
9.2b
33.7i
13.8b
2.7b
20.6
0.0
13.0
2.1
10.6
-1.2
7.7
2.5
2012
0.1
69.4
9.4
34.0
13.8
1.3
20.5
0.9
13.2
2.2
10.5
-0.6
7.2
1.6
2013
-0.8
69.9
10.0
33.7
13.7
-0.4
19.8
-0.8
12.8
0.8
10.2
-1.2
7.6
-0.3
2014
1.4
70.3
9.3
29.7
12.8
-1.0
18.4
-2.2
12.6
-0.4
9.9
-0.7
7.1
-0.6
2015
2.0
70.9
7.6
26.5
13.7
-0.1
18.4
-2.1
12.3
-0.9
9.0
-1.5
7.1
-0.1
2016
2.4
71.9
5.8
22.2
12.3
-1.4
18.1
-1.7
12.7
-0.1
8.2
-2.0
6.5
-1.1
Flags:b:Break in series.
1) Youth unemployment rate: i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
169
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0171.png
Table 5.26: Auxiliary indicators for Finland
Finland
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
5.2
24.2
3.4
3.9
-0.2
8.5
46.4
-2.5
-3.0
4.7
-9.7
1.2
3.0
11.6
-2.8
22.5e
6.5
145.2
251.8
2008
0.7
24.4
3.6
2.3
8.9
7.0
50.9
-3.3
-1.3
6.5
-10.2
3.7
-1.5
16.7
-1.6
14.2p
5.9
156.6
451.4
2009
-8.3
22.8
3.8
2.0
20.9
-3.3
50.7
-2.4
0.8
-5.6
-7.1
-10.1
-6.0
24.8
1.9
8.3p
5.2
165.9
372.0
2010
3.0
21.9
3.7
1.3
24.8
4.9
54.7
-2.8
1.9
-12.9
-5.8
-6.4
3.7
22.4
2.3
8.7p
6.1
170.0
408.4
2011
2.6
22.2
3.6
-1.7
29.1
-2.2
50.6
-3.7
2.1
-16.7
-4.3
-4.9
1.3
22.2
3.2
11.3p
6.3
169.2
619.8
2012
-1.4
22.3
3.4
-1.8
39.7
1.9
52.0
-2.6
1.6
-23.1
-5.2
-1.6
-2.3
27.1
7.2
12.3
6.3
172.6
518.9
2013
-0.8
21.2
3.3
-1.5
40.3
-1.9
46.8
-2.6
1.9
-26.0
-2.7
-2.7
0.0
28.5
9.3
6.9
6.0
177.1
364.5
2014
-0.6
20.6
3.2
-1.2
47.8
6.3
52.4
-2.4
2.0
-21.1
-2.7
-6.4
-0.2
29.6
10.1
3.2
5.5
183.5
365.2
2015
0.0
20.4
2.9
-1.0
49.6
6.4
57.3
-1.8
1.1
-20.0
2.7
-2.3
0.1
28.4
9.5
0.8
5.6
191.0
303.1
2016
1.9
21.5
2.8
-1.3
51.8
-1.8
49.9
-1.4
0.5
-16.5
5.4
-1.0
1.4
26.4
8.1
0.3
6.1
176.4
293.1
Flags: p:Provisional.
1) House price index: e = NSI estimates.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
170
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1821737_0172.png
Table 5.26 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Finland
Finland
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
2007
2.1
75.6
1.5
16.5
7.0
-2.1
17.4
0.2
13.0
2.0
3.6
-0.2
8.8
-0.7
2008
2.2
76.0
1.2
16.5
7.8
0.0
17.4
0.2
13.6
1.9
3.5
-0.3
7.5
-2.5
2009
-2.4
75.0
1.4
21.5
9.9
2.2
16.9
-0.2
13.8
1.2
2.8
-0.5
8.4
-0.7
2010
-0.7
74.5
2.0
21.4
9.0
2.0
16.9
-0.5
13.1
0.1
2.8
-0.8
9.3
0.5
2011
1.3
74.9
1.7
20.1
8.4
0.6
17.9
0.5
13.7
0.1
3.2
-0.3
10.0
2.5
2012
0.9
75.2
1.6
19.0
8.6
-1.3
17.2
0.3
13.2
-0.6
2.9
0.1
9.3
0.9
2013
-0.7
75.2
1.7
19.9
9.3
0.3
16.0
-0.9
11.8
-1.3
2.5
-0.3
9.0
-0.3
2014
-0.5
75.4
1.9
20.5
10.2
1.8
17.3
-0.6
12.8
-0.9
2.8
-0.4
10.0
0.0
2015
-0.1
75.8
2.3
22.4
10.6
2.0
16.8
-0.4
12.4
-0.8
2.2
-0.7
10.8
1.5
2016
0.5
75.9
2.3
20.1
9.9
0.6
16.6
0.6
11.6
-0.2
2.2
-0.3
11.4
2.4
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
171
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Table 5.27: Auxiliary indicators for Sweden
Sweden
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
3.4
23.9
3.3
8.1
45.1
9.4
81.3
-1.6
-3.6
11.2
-1.8
-3.4
1.1
13.0
-0.9
38.8e
4.3
190.9
219.0
2008
-0.6
24.3
3.5e
7.7
66.2
8.3
91.5
-1.9
-4.6
3.7
-2.3
-0.9
-1.4
23.8
5.1
27.9
3.9
217.9
372.5
2009
-5.2
22.3
3.5
5.9
72.0
2.1
100.9
-1.2
-12.1
-8.8
-0.2
-4.5
-2.8
29.0
5.7
17.1
3.3
235.3
278.0
2010
6.0
22.3
3.2e
5.8
61.8
0.2
92.9
-1.6
-1.2
-5.6
1.2
-0.7
5.0
20.3
0.8
12.4
3.6
222.0
237.1
2011
2.7
22.7
3.3
5.3
62.0
1.1
91.3
-1.8
7.1
-4.1
0.6
-0.8
0.5
17.8
-0.3
14.0
3.9
226.4
267.7
2012
-0.3
22.6
3.3e
5.4
58.9
0.8
90.9
-1.7
19.1
-9.9
-0.7
-1.8
-1.0
21.2
2.3
12.0
3.4
228.8
238.3
2013
1.2
22.3
3.3e
5.0
55.8
0.3
90.1
-1.5
6.0
-10.8
0.0
-4.6
0.3
22.4
4.1
9.4
3.5
232.5
207.0
2014
2.6
23.1
3.2e
4.5
55.7
-1.7
84.0
-1.3
-3.7
-3.1
-0.8
1.6
1.2
24.7
5.6
16.7
4.0
234.2
193.6
2015
4.5
23.6
3.3
4.5
47.5
1.7
82.8
-0.9
-7.8
-7.8
0.6
2.6
3.0
23.7
7.0
30.5
4.6
234.4
186.5
2016
3.3
24.0
3.3p
4.4
45.6
2.9
80.3
-0.8
-7.7
-10.5
1.8
1.0
1.6
25.0
8.4
34.4
5.1
231.6
185.3
Flags:e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) House price index: e = NSI estimates.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
172
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Table 5.27 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for Sweden
Sweden
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
Flags:b:Break in series.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
2007
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
2.3
79.1
0.8
19.2
7.5b
-0.1b
13.9
-3.0
10.5
-0.8
2.2
-0.8
6.0
-2.7
2008
0.9
79.3
0.8
20.2
7.8b
-2.7b
14.9
0.5
12.2
2.7
1.4
-0.9
5.5
-2.1
2009
-2.4
78.9
1.1
25.0
9.6
0.3
15.9
-0.4
13.3
1.0
1.6
-0.5
6.4
-0.4
2010
1.0
79.1
1.6
24.8
7.7
0.2
15.0
1.1
12.9
2.4
1.3
-0.9
6.0
0.0
2011
2.1
79.9
1.5
22.8
7.5
-0.3
16.1
1.2
14.0
1.8
1.2
-0.2
6.9
1.4
2012
0.7
80.3
1.5
23.7
7.8
-1.8
15.6
-0.3
14.1
0.8
1.3
-0.3
5.7
-0.7
2013
1.0
81.1
1.4
23.6
7.5
-0.2
16.4
1.4
14.8
1.9
1.4
0.1
7.1
1.1
2014
1.4
81.5
1.4
22.9
7.2
-0.3
16.9
0.8
15.1
1.1
0.7
-0.5
6.4
-0.5
2015
1.5
81.7
1.5
20.4
6.7
-1.1
18.6b
3.0b
16.3b
2.2b
1.1b
-0.2b
8.7b
3.0b
2016
1.7
82.1
1.3
18.9
6.5
-1.0
18.3
1.9
16.2
1.4
0.8
-0.6
8.5
1.4
173
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Table 5.28: Auxiliary indicators for United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Real GDP
(1 year % change)
Gross fixed capital formation
(% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
Current plus capital account (Net lending-borrowing)
(% of GDP)
Net external debt
(% of GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, flows
(% of
GDP)
Foreign direct investment in the reporting economy, stocks (%
of GDP)
Net trade balance of energy products (%
of GDP)
Real effective exchange rate - Euro Area trading partners
(3 year
% change)
Export performance against advanced economies
(5 year % change)
Terms of trade
(5 year % change)
Export market share in volume
(1 year % change)
Labour productivity
(1 year % change)
Nominal unit labour cost index, 2010=100
(10 year % change)
Unit labour cost performance relative to EA
(10 year % change)
House price index (2015=100) - nominal
(3 year % change)
Residential construction
(% of GDP)
Private sector debt, non-consolidated
(% of GDP)
Financial sector leverage, non-consolidated
(% debt-to-equity)
2007
2.4
17.7
1.6
-3.8
na
6.8
51.3
-0.4
-0.6
-6.7
0.3
-9.4
1.5
35.7
16.8
32.4e
3.8
188.0
885.2
2008
-0.5
17.0
1.6e
-4.6
na
9.1
60.1
-0.7
-13.5
-13.9
-4.0
-2.3
-1.3
32.7
10.7
13.2
3.6
196.9
1778.4
2009
-4.2
15.3
1.7e
-3.9
na
0.4
57.6
-0.4
-21.6
-13.2
-4.0
1.3
-2.6
35.1
9.6
-4.4
3.0
195.8
1010.2
2010
1.7
15.3
1.7e
-3.8
na
2.7
60.0
-0.4
-16.9
-17.4
-1.5
-6.7
1.4
33.3
10.8
-8.0
3.1
189.9
963.9
2011
1.5
15.4
1.7b
-2.4
na
1.0
60.8
-1.0
-3.0
-19.0
-2.2
-0.7
0.9
28.2
8.0
-5.1
3.2
183.6
1144.3
2012
1.5
15.6
1.6e
-4.3
na
1.8
74.2
-1.2
14.4
-11.8
-0.6
-2.6
0.4
28.8
8.7
4.6
3.1
184.0
951.6
2013
2.1
15.8
1.7
-5.6
na
2.0
72.2
-1.1
4.3
-5.6
4.5
-3.0
0.9
28.1
8.9
1.5
3.2
176.4
781.8
2014
3.1
16.4
1.7e
-5.4
na
2.0
72.1
-0.8
10.2
-2.8
5.0
-1.0
0.7
23.6
5.2
11.2
3.5
167.3
746.6
2015
2.3
16.6
1.7
-5.3
na
1.8
67.5
-0.6
14.0
3.7
4.3
1.9
0.6
22.4
5.9
17.4
3.6
164.8
645.7
2016
1.8
16.4
na
-6.0
na
11.2
74.5
-0.5
5.1
-2.9
7.3
-1.2
0.4
20.4
2.9
22.4
3.6
168.2
686.6
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated.
1) House price index: e = NSI estimates.
Source: Eurostat, Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate) and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
174
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Table 5.28 (continued): Auxiliary indicators for United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Employment rate
Activity rate - % of total population aged 15-64
Long-term unemployment rate - % of active
population aged 15-74
Youth unemployment rate - % of active population
aged 15-24
Young people neither in employment nor in
education and training - % of total population
aged 15-24
People at risk of poverty or social exclusion - % of
total population
People at risk of poverty after social transfers -
% of total population
Severe material deprived people - % of total
population
People living in households with very low work
intensity - % of total population aged 0-59
Flags:b:Break in series. u:Low reliability.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat
2007
1 year % change
%
%
%
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
%
3 year change in pp
0.8
75.5b
1.3
14.3
11.9b
3.5b
22.6
na
18.6
0.6
4.2
na
10.4
na
2008
0.8
75.8b
1.4
15.0
12.1b
3.7b
23.2
-1.6
18.7
-0.3
4.5
-0.8
10.4
-2.5
2009
-1.6
75.7
1.9
19.1
13.2
4.6
22.0
-1.7
17.3
-1.7
3.3u
-1.2u
12.7
0.7
2010
0.2
75.4
2.5
19.9
13.6
1.7
23.2
0.6
17.1
-1.5
4.8
0.6
13.2
2.8
2011
0.5
75.5
2.7
21.3
14.2
2.1
22.7
-0.5
16.2
-2.5
5.1
0.6
11.5
1.1
2012
1.1
76.1
2.7
21.2
13.9
0.7
24.1b
2.1b
16.0
-1.3
7.8
4.5u
13.0b
0.3b
2013
1.2
76.4
2.7
20.7
13.2
-0.4
24.8
1.6
15.9
-1.2
8.3
3.5
13.2
0.0
2014
2.4
76.7
2.2
17.0
11.9
-2.3
24.1
1.4
16.8
0.6
7.4
2.3
12.3
0.8
2015
1.7
76.9
1.6
14.6
11.1
-2.8
23.5
-0.6b
16.6
0.6
6.1
-1.7
11.9
-1.1b
2016
1.4
77.3
1.3
13.0
10.9
-2.3
22.2
-2.6
15.9
0.0
5.2
-3.1
11.3
-1.9
175
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Chapter 6: Tables by year - MIP Scoreboard (base indicators)
Table 6.1: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2016
Year
2016
Current account
balance - % of
GDP
(level year)
External imbalances and competitiveness
Net
Real effective
Export market
Nominal unit
international
exchange rate - 42
share - % of
labour cost
investment
trading partners,
world exports
index
(% y-o-y change)
position
HICP deflator
(2010=100)
(% of GDP)
(% y-o-y change)
(% y-o-y change)
House price
index
(2015=100),
deflated
(% y-o-y
change)
1.0p
7.1p
6.7p
4.2
5.4
3.8
6.6p
-2.0e
4.7
1.0
2.1
-0.8p
1.6
7.4
4.5
5.9
13.6
4.8p
4.4
7.2
2.5
6.1
6.5
3.6
7.0
-0.3
7.6
5.5
Private sector
credit flow,
consolidated
(% of GDP)
Internal imbalances
Private sector
General
debt,
government
consolidated
gross debt
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
Unemployment
rate
(level year)
Employment indicators
Total financial Activity rate - % of
Long-term
Youth
sector
total population unemployment rate unemployment rate
liabilities,
aged 15-64
- % of active
- % of active
(level year)
non-
population aged 15- population aged 15-
consolidated
74
24
(% y-o-y change)
(level year)
(level year)
1.2
11.1
14.5
3.3
5.2
7.2
2.5
-16.6
0.9
4.3
2.5
3.2
0.7
5.8
16.3
7.5
19.5
1.7
5.3p
-2.4
8.9
-0.2
7.6
3.2
8.5
4.5
9.0
11.6
67.6
68.7
75.0
80.0b
77.9
77.5
70.5
68.2
74.2
71.4
65.6
64.9
73.4
76.3
75.5
70.0
70.1
69.1
79.7
76.2
68.8
73.7
65.6
71.6
71.9
75.9
82.1
77.3
4.0
4.5
1.7
1.4b
1.7
2.1
4.2
17.0
9.5
4.6
6.6
6.7
5.8
4.0
3.0
2.2
2.4
1.9
2.5
1.9
2.2
6.2
3.0
4.3
5.8
2.3
1.3
1.3
20.1
17.2
10.5
12.0
7.1
13.4
17.2
47.3
44.4
24.6
31.8
37.8
29.1
17.3
14.5
19.1
12.9
11.0
10.8
11.2
17.7
28.2
20.6
15.2
22.2
20.1
18.9
13.0
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
0.1
5.3
1.1
7.3
8.3
1.9
3.9
-1.1
1.9
-0.9
2.4
2.7
-4.9
1.4
-1.1
4.8
6.1
6.6
9.0
2.1
-0.3
0.7
-2.1
5.2
-1.5
-1.4
4.5
-5.9
51.2
-47.0
-24.6
54.8
54.4
-37.1
-176.2
-139.4
-83.9
-15.7
-70.1
-9.8
-127.8
-58.9
-43.2
34.7
-65.0
47.6
69.1
5.6
-60.7
-104.7
-49.9
-36.9
-62.4
-2.3
11.2
-1.1
2.8
-0.4
2.4
1.2
1.6
1.6
1.3
1.3
0.6
1.2
1.1
0.8
0.7
1.2
2.0
0.6
0.8
1.6
1.1
1.6
-3.5
1.5
-1.3
0.4
0.5
1.3
0.7
-10.9
7.9
8.0
4.6
-0.2
3.3
5.9
2.6
-4.6
5.0
0.7
7.8
3.0
4.7
3.5
3.2
0.1
3.6
6.2
3.2
2.9
6.2
3.5
8.5
6.7
5.6
1.9
1.1
-4.7
-0.1
2.3p
3.3
1.4
1.6
4.0
-0.2
-0.2p
-0.7p
0.4p
-2.7d
1.0
-0.7p
4.3
5.9
0.7
4.4
0.9
0.4p
2.1
2.1p
2.2p
5.0p
1.6
1.4
-0.4
1.2
2.8
13.3
4.0
4.4
-10.4
3.8
5.9
-19.0
-1.7p
-1.0p
6.2p
-0.1e
0.6
10.2p
0.3
4.3
1.5
-3.6
11.1
1.5p
3.2
4.7
-2.2p
0.6p
-0.8
9.2
2.2
7.6
8.2
190.1
104.9
68.7
210.7
99.3
115.4
278.1
124.7p
146.7p
146.9p
106.1e
113.6
344.6p
88.3
56.2
343.6
77.0
128.4
221.5p
124.0
81.6
171.4p
55.8p
80.5
94.7
149.3
188.5
168.1
105.7
29.0
36.8
37.7
68.1
9.4
72.8
180.8
99.0
96.5
82.9
132.0
107.1
40.6
40.1
20.8
73.9
57.6
61.8
83.6
54.1
130.1
37.6
78.5
51.8
63.1
42.2
88.3
7.8
7.6
4.0
6.2
4.1
6.8
7.9
23.6
19.6
10.1
13.4
11.7
13.0
9.6
7.9
6.3
5.1
4.7
6.0
6.0
6.2
11.2
5.9
8.0
9.7
8.8
6.9
4.8
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) House price index e = source NCB for EL. 3) NULC for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept. 4) Private sector debt, private sector credit flow: the decline for IE relative to 2015 predominantly reflects restructuring and re-domiciling
activities of large multinational companies.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
176
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1821737_0178.png
Table 6.2: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2015
Year
2015
Current account
balance - % of
GDP
(level year)
External imbalances and competitiveness
Net
Real effective
Export market
Nominal unit
international
exchange rate - 42
share - % of
labour cost
investment
trading partners,
world exports
index
(% y-o-y change)
position
HICP deflator
(2010=100)
(% of GDP)
(% y-o-y change)
(% y-o-y change)
House price
index
(2015=100),
deflated
(% y-o-y
change)
1.4p
1.6bp
3.8p
6.3
4.1
7.1
11.0p
-3.5e
3.7
-1.8
-2.4
-2.7p
0.3bp
-2.4
4.6
5.3
13.3
5.1
3.4
3.4
2.6
2.1
1.9
1.4
5.5
-0.3
12.1
5.3
Private sector
credit flow,
consolidated
(% of GDP)
Internal imbalances
Private sector
General
debt,
government
consolidated
gross debt
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
Unemployment
rate
(level year)
Employment indicators
Total financial Activity rate - % of
Long-term
Youth
sector
total population unemployment rate unemployment rate
liabilities,
aged 15-64
- % of active
- % of active
(level year)
non-
population aged 15- population aged 15-
consolidated
74
24
(% y-o-y change)
(level year)
(level year)
2.7
6.2
8.1
-1.0
2.9
8.7
9.7
15.6
-1.3
1.7
2.1
1.5
11.1
12.2
7.0
12.2
0.6
1.3
3.6
-0.1
2.4
-1.8
4.0
-3.7
10.8
1.2
2.4
-8.8
67.6
69.3
74.0
78.5
77.6
76.7
70.0
67.8
74.3
71.3
66.9
64.0
73.9
75.7
74.1
70.9b
68.6
67.6
79.6
75.5
68.1
73.4
66.1
71.8
70.9
75.8
81.7
76.9
4.4
5.6
2.4
1.7
2.0
2.4
5.3
18.2
11.4
4.6
10.2
6.9
6.8
4.5
3.9
1.9b
3.1
2.4
3.0
1.7
3.0
7.2
3.0
4.7
7.6
2.3
1.5
1.6
22.1
21.6
12.6
10.8
7.2
13.1
20.9
49.8
48.3
24.7
42.3
40.3
32.8
16.3
16.3
16.6
17.3
11.8
11.3
10.6
20.8
32.0
21.7
16.3
26.5
22.4
20.4
14.6
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
-0.1
0.0
0.2
8.8
8.5
2.0
10.9
-0.2
1.1
-0.2
4.4
1.5
-1.5
-0.5
-2.8
5.1
3.4
4.6
8.7
1.9
-0.6
0.1
-1.2
4.4
-1.8
-1.0
4.7
-5.2
47.2
-61.2
-32.9
34.3
48.6
-39.8
-195.1
-136.3
-89.7
-15.7
-76.5
-19.7
-145.0
-63.8
-43.9
37.7
-67.8
52.2
55.1
2.5
-62.1
-112.0
-54.6
-39.8
-64.6
-6.1
4.6
-18.4
-3.3
-3.5
-0.8
-3.3
-4.9
0.1
-7.1
-4.4
-4.5
-4.6
-1.4
-4.4
-6.4
0.7
0.4
-2.6
-2.3
-4.7
-3.3
-2.3
-2.5
-2.8
-2.5
-2.0
-2.2
-3.1
-5.4
5.0
-5.4
-2.1
-1.0
-2.0
0.0
-7.8
39.8
-14.3
-1.3
-1.1
2.7
-2.1
-1.5
-3.7
-10.0
2.4
1.5
-0.6
-2.0
-3.7
2.4
-1.0
-0.2
-1.4
-2.6
-6.1
-1.3
4.1
-0.5
2.3p
-0.8
1.1
1.8
4.5
-16.6
-1.3p
1.4p
0.0p
-0.7d
0.7
-1.7
6.2
5.0
2.8
-2.4
0.2
-1.6p
1.6
-0.6
0.0
-3.3
0.4
1.6
1.3
-0.3
0.4
12.2
-0.3
0.3
-6.2
3.0
3.0
-3.1
-3.3p
-1.8p
4.9p
-1.4
-1.3
4.1
0.7
1.9
47.0
-2.6
2.8
-0.8p
2.3
3.5
-1.8
0.2
-5.0
7.7
6.9
7.5
3.5
178.9
110.5
68.1
207.6
98.7
115.2
306.5
126.1p
154.6p
143.7p
113.2
115.3
353.5
88.8
54.7
348.6
84.3
125.8
225.1
123.9
78.9
179.7
59.1
86.9
88.1
152.9
188.4
164.7
106.0
26.0
40.0
39.5
70.9
10.0
76.9
176.8
99.4
95.8
85.4
131.5
107.5
36.9
42.6
22.0
74.7
60.3
64.6
84.3
51.1
128.8
37.9
82.6
52.3
63.6
44.2
88.2
8.5
9.2
5.1
6.2
4.6
6.2
9.4
24.9
22.1
10.4
16.1
11.9
15.0
9.9
9.1
6.5
6.8
5.4
6.9
5.7
7.5
12.6
6.8
9.0
11.5
9.4
7.4
5.3
Flags:b:Break in series. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) International investment position of LU has been revised downwards following the revised treatment of Euro banknotes in national Balance of payments/International investment position statistics. 3) House price index e = source NCB for EL. 4) NULC for HR d:
employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept. 5) Private sector debt, private sector credit flow: significant increases for IE due to re-domiciling of large multinational corporations and movement of large parts of their balance sheets.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
177
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1821737_0179.png
Table 6.3: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2014
Year
2014
Current account
balance - % of
GDP
(level year)
External imbalances and competitiveness
Net
Real effective
Export market
Nominal unit
international
exchange rate - 42
share - % of
labour cost
investment
trading partners,
world exports
index
(% y-o-y change)
position
HICP deflator
(2010=100)
(% of GDP)
(% y-o-y change)
(% y-o-y change)
House price
index
(2015=100),
deflated
(% y-o-y
change)
-1.3
1.5p
1.8
2.9
2.2
13.0
15.1p
-5.0e
0.1
-1.7
-1.1
-4.6p
-1.3p
4.3
6.3
3.9
3.3
2.5
0.0
1.4
1.2
3.9
-3.2
-6.5
1.5
-1.6
8.3
6.0
Private sector
credit flow,
consolidated
(% of GDP)
Internal imbalances
Private sector
General
debt,
government
consolidated
gross debt
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
Unemployment
rate
(level year)
Employment indicators
Total financial Activity rate - % of
Long-term
Youth
sector
total population unemployment rate unemployment rate
liabilities,
aged 15-64
- % of active
- % of active
(level year)
non-
population aged 15- population aged 15-
consolidated
74
24
(% y-o-y change)
(level year)
(level year)
2.7
5.6
5.2
7.3
4.5
13.1
19.5
-8.4
-0.4
5.3
0.2
0.5
-3.7
10.4
16.2
33.1
8.6
6.4
7.7
-0.8
0.7
-7.5
1.3
-0.2
8.7
8.9
13.0
4.7
67.7
69.0
73.5
78.1
77.7
75.2
69.8
67.4
74.2
71.1
66.1
63.9
74.3
74.6
73.7
70.8
67.0
66.3
79.0
75.4
67.9
73.2
65.7
70.9
70.3
75.4
81.5
76.7
4.3
6.9
2.7
1.7
2.2
3.3
6.6
19.5
12.9
4.5
10.1
7.7
7.7
4.6
4.8
1.6
3.7
2.7
2.9
1.5
3.8
8.4
2.8
5.3
9.3
1.9
1.4
2.2
23.2
23.8
15.9
12.6
7.7
15.0
23.9
52.4
53.2
24.2
44.9
42.7
36.0
19.6
19.3
22.3
20.4
11.7
12.7
10.3
23.9
34.7
24.0
20.2
29.7
20.5
22.9
17.0
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
Flags:p:Provisional.
-0.9
0.1
0.2
8.9
7.4
0.3
1.6
-1.6
1.1
-1.1
2.0
1.9
-4.3
-1.7
3.2
5.2
1.5
8.8
8.6
2.5
-2.1
0.1
-0.7
5.8
1.1
-1.3
4.6
-5.3
45.1
-75.2
-36.6
43.4
40.9
-46.9
-161.0
-131.9
-97.8
-15.6
-85.4
-21.2
-147.0
-65.9
-45.1
31.9
-80.3
43.3
48.7
3.4
-69.1
-117.5
-57.3
-45.8
-63.6
-3.2
1.2
-22.3
0.2
-0.9
-5.2
0.8
0.8
2.7
-0.8
-0.7
-0.5
0.3
0.4
0.2
-0.8
2.9
2.9
0.5
-3.6
0.6
-0.1
1.7
1.0
-0.5
1.3
1.1
0.2
2.5
-4.6
7.1
0.5
0.6
4.8
0.5
2.4
0.5
12.9
3.4
0.9
0.6
3.1
0.8
0.9
2.8
-1.1
10.3
4.2
3.0
0.5
1.4
5.1
1.3
6.2
3.7
-1.6
-4.7
-0.3
3.4
0.0
4.6p
0.4
0.8
1.7
4.3
-4.4
-1.8p
-0.3
0.9
-2.6d
0.1
-4.0
5.1
3.2
-0.9
1.4
-1.2
0.1
2.0
0.6
-1.3
4.3
-1.2
0.5
1.1
1.0
-0.1
-1.9
-1.1
1.7
0.0
0.5
5.7
2.5
-2.7p
-7.0
3.3
0.1
-0.5
-0.3
-11.8
0.3
24.7
-0.1
3.9
-1.8
0.9
4.6
-5.0
-2.4
-4.7
5.1
1.5
4.8
6.8
166.0
123.6
71.5
214.7
99.4
118.0
279.4
128.0p
165.5
141.9
118.1
119.0
352.5
96.0
53.9
313.0
91.2
135.9
225.7
124.9
78.1
190.8
62.1
97.4
87.8
149.6
193.9
166.8
106.8
27.0
42.2
44.0
74.6
10.7
104.5
179.0
100.4
95.0
85.8
131.8
107.5
40.9
40.5
22.7
75.2
63.8
68.0
83.8
50.2
130.6
39.4
80.3
53.5
60.2
45.5
87.4
8.5
11.4
6.1
6.6
5.0
7.4
11.3
26.5
24.5
10.3
17.2
12.7
16.1
10.8
10.7
6.0
7.7
5.8
7.4
5.6
9.0
14.1
6.8
9.7
13.2
8.7
7.9
6.1
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) International investment position of LU has been revised downwards following the revised treatment of Euro banknotes in national Balance of payments/International investment position statistics. 3) House price index e = source NCB for EL. 4) Private sector debt,
private sector credit flow: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014. 5) NULC for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
178
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1821737_0180.png
Table 6.4: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2013
Year
2013
Current account
balance - % of
GDP
(level year)
External imbalances and competitiveness
Net
Real effective
Export market
Nominal unit
international
exchange rate - 42
share - % of
labour cost
investment
trading partners,
world exports
index
(% y-o-y change)
position
HICP deflator
(2010=100)
(% of GDP)
(% y-o-y change)
(% y-o-y change)
House price
index
(2015=100),
deflated
(% y-o-y
change)
0.4
0.4p
-0.8
3.1
2.1
7.5
-0.5p
-9.2e
-10.0
-2.6
-5.8
-6.9p
-4.1p
6.5
0.2
3.3
-4.3
-1.6
-8.2
3.0
-4.8
-2.7
-2.8
-7.2
-0.4
-1.3
4.7
0.3
Private sector
credit flow,
consolidated
(% of GDP)
Internal imbalances
Private sector
General
debt,
government
consolidated
gross debt
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
Unemployment
rate
(level year)
Employment indicators
Total financial Activity rate - % of
Long-term
Youth
sector
total population unemployment rate unemployment rate
liabilities,
aged 15-64
- % of active
- % of active
(level year)
non-
population aged 15- population aged 15-
consolidated
74
24
(% y-o-y change)
(level year)
(level year)
0.9
4.3
11.4
1.8
-6.2
10.4
0.3
-17.2
-10.9
0.4
3.2
-2.6
-15.3
5.2
-1.4
10.4
-1.2
1.6
-1.1
-3.2
7.4
-5.4
0.8
-10.3
1.7
-11.7
9.0
-7.7
67.5
68.4
72.9
78.1
77.6
75.1
69.8
67.5
74.3
70.7
63.7
63.4
73.6
74.0
72.4
69.9
64.7
65.0
79.4
75.5
67.0
73.0
64.9
70.5
69.9
75.2
81.1
76.4
3.9
7.4
3.0
1.8
2.3
3.8
7.8
18.5
13.0
4.4e
11.0
6.9
6.1
5.7
5.1
1.8
4.9
2.9
2.5
1.3
4.4
9.3
3.2
5.2
10.0
1.7
1.4
2.7
23.7
28.4
18.9
13.0
7.8
18.7
26.8
58.3
55.5
24.9
49.9
40.0
38.9
23.2
21.9
16.9
26.6
13.0
13.2
9.7
27.3
38.1
23.7
21.6
33.7
19.9
23.6
20.7
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
-0.3
1.3
-0.5
7.8
6.7
0.5
2.1
-2.0
1.5
-0.9
1.0
1.0
-4.9
-2.7
0.8
5.5
3.8
2.7
9.9
1.9
-1.3
1.6
-1.1
4.4
1.9
-1.6
5.3
-5.5
51.9
-73.3
-41.4
37.2
34.5
-50.1
-131.6
-130.4
-95.2
-16.6
-88.5
-22.7
-138.7
-66.3
-47.0
51.5
-83.1
27.0
31.0
1.3
-68.9
-116.3
-62.6
-47.2
-62.3
3.9
-12.5
-18.5
1.5
0.1
-2.2
1.0
2.2
2.9
1.6
-0.6
1.9
1.6
1.2
1.9
1.1
-0.9
0.9
1.6
-1.4
1.5
2.7
2.1
0.2
0.3
4.0
1.4
0.9
2.9
1.7
-1.5
1.4
6.5
-1.4
2.2
1.6
3.7
2.1
0.6
3.7
1.9
2.5
0.5
2.3
2.4
8.2
10.9
1.7
1.2
1.4
1.7
5.8
6.8
15.5
2.6
5.0
0.1
-1.6
-0.8
2.0
7.4p
0.5
0.6
1.9
4.1
1.1
-6.9p
-0.6
1.2
-2.9d
0.7
-5.3
5.2
3.2
0.5
0.8
1.2
1.1
2.5
0.2
1.8
-0.6
0.5
0.3
1.4
1.7
1.9
7.4
7.2
4.4
-3.1
2.0
3.5
-1.4
-6.4p
-10.3
2.1
-0.6
-3.0
-13.3
0.9
-1.3
27.3
-0.9
2.7
1.5
1.0
3.3
-1.6
-1.4
-4.0
5.2
2.8
4.5
6.9
165.4
131.9
73.7
216.1
102.9
115.9
267.1
129.1p
176.9
137.7
117.9
121.6
340.1
92.4
56.3
305.0
95.1
143.9
223.4
127.1
75.4
202.4
66.6
107.2
82.9
147.7
194.5
173.7
105.5
17.0
44.9
44.0
77.4
10.2
119.4
177.4
95.5
92.4
81.7
129.0
102.6
39.0
38.8
23.7
76.0
68.4
67.8
81.0
55.7
129.0
37.8
70.4
54.7
56.5
40.8
85.6
8.4
13.0
7.0
7.0
5.2
8.6
13.1
27.5
26.1
10.3
17.4
12.1
15.9
11.9
11.8
5.9
10.2
6.4
7.3
5.4
10.3
16.4
7.1
10.1
14.2
8.2
8.0
7.5
Flags:e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) International investment position of LU has been revised downwards following the revised treatment of Euro banknotes in national Balance of payments/International investment position statistics. 3) House price index e = source NCB for EL. 4) Private sector debt,
private sector credit flow: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014. 5) NULC for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
179
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1821737_0181.png
Table 6.5: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2012
Year
2012
Current account
balance - % of
GDP
(level year)
External imbalances and competitiveness
Net
Real effective
Export market
Nominal unit
international
exchange rate - 42
share - % of
labour cost
investment
trading partners,
world exports
index
(% y-o-y change)
position
HICP deflator
(2010=100)
(% of GDP)
(% y-o-y change)
(% y-o-y change)
House price
index
(2015=100),
deflated
(% y-o-y
change)
0.3
-5.3p
-3.6
-4.9
1.9
3.2
-14.8p
-12.0e
-16.8
-1.9
-4.6
-5.4p
-5.3p
-0.4
-3.2
2.2
-9.2
0.7
-8.1
4.9
-6.6
-8.8
-9.2
-8.5
-6.0
-0.4
0.7
-1.7
Private sector
credit flow,
consolidated
(% of GDP)
Internal imbalances
Private sector
General
debt,
government
consolidated
gross debt
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
Unemployment
rate
(level year)
Employment indicators
Total financial Activity rate - % of
Long-term
Youth
sector
total population unemployment rate unemployment rate
liabilities,
aged 15-64
- % of active
- % of active
(level year)
non-
population aged 15- population aged 15-
consolidated
74
24
(% y-o-y change)
(level year)
(level year)
-5.2
10.2
5.2
2.5
3.3
10.4
-1.8
-2.6
2.9
1.2
1.0
7.3
6.3
5.2
-1.0
13.2
-5.8
6.1
5.0
0.4
10.7
-3.0
4.4
-0.7
0.7
-1.1
5.4
-3.6
66.9
67.1
71.6
78.6
77.2
74.8
69.2
67.5
74.3
70.3
63.9
63.5
73.5
74.4
71.8
69.4
63.7
63.1
79.0
75.1
66.5
73.4
64.8
70.4
69.4
75.2
80.3
76.1
3.4
6.8
3.0
2.1
2.4
5.5
9.0
14.5
11.0
4.1e
10.2
5.6
3.6
7.8
6.6
1.6
5.0
3.1
1.9
1.2
4.1
7.7
3.0
4.3
9.4
1.6
1.5
2.7
19.8
28.1
19.5
14.1
8.0
20.9
30.4
55.3
52.9
24.4
42.2
35.3
27.7
28.5
26.7
18.0
28.2
14.1
11.7
9.4
26.5
38.0
22.6
20.6
34.0
19.0
23.7
21.2
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
-0.1
-0.9
-1.6
6.3
7.0
-1.9
-2.6
-3.8
-0.2
-1.2
-0.2
-0.3
-6.0
-3.6
-1.4
5.6
1.7
1.7
10.3
1.5
-3.7
-1.8
-4.8
2.1
0.9
-1.9
5.6
-4.2
51.8
-77.9
-45.9
36.1
28.5
-51.1
-137.4
-115.9
-89.9
-12.8
-90.6
-22.2
-129.1
-67.2
-53.4
49.5
-93.6
19.6
27.0
-3.2
-65.3
-116.5
-67.4
-50.1
-61.4
11.7
-14.6
-29.0
-2.3
-2.1
-2.8
-2.9
-3.4
-0.9
-4.4
-4.5
-2.4
-3.2
-2.5
-1.9
-2.1
-1.5
-2.1
-1.6
-1.9
-2.0
-1.8
-1.8
-2.2
-1.6
-6.1
-1.2
0.0
-2.6
-0.7
4.3
-6.1
-4.5
-3.8
-4.8
-4.4
-2.3
-3.3
-4.8
-5.8
-4.5
-7.5
-4.8
-8.9
4.1
6.0
0.7
-10.5
-1.2
-2.9
-6.0
-2.3
-4.5
-6.9
-7.2
1.0
-5.8
-5.9
-1.8
3.4
5.0p
3.0
0.9
3.2
5.0
-0.3
-2.0p
-2.6
2.3
-1.0d
1.4
1.6
5.0
2.2
4.6
3.6
3.5
3.0
3.1
2.0
-3.2
3.5b
0.8
1.0
5.2
4.1
1.3
15.3
3.0
2.9
7.9
1.3
6.8
-0.6
-5.9p
-11.2
4.4
-3.0
-0.8
16.5
-2.1
0.3
24.7
-6.1
-0.7
2.0
1.2
4.8
-3.9
0.3
-2.9
3.4
7.4
2.4
1.8
185.5
125.0
70.7
224.0
101.8
117.8
279.1
131.5p
187.8
138.5
120.0
125.1
328.1
97.9
61.1
295.5
101.6
153.3
225.9
128.2
73.4
210.3
71.9
112.3
77.9
148.6
192.3
179.6
104.3
16.7
44.5
44.9
79.8
9.7
119.6
159.6
85.7
89.6
70.6
123.4
79.7
41.2
39.8
22.0
77.6
67.8
66.3
81.7
53.7
126.2
37.3
53.8
52.2
53.9
38.1
84.5
7.6
12.3
7.0
7.5
5.4
10.0
14.7
24.5
24.8
9.8
15.8
10.7
11.9
15.0
13.4
5.1
11.0
6.3
5.8
4.9
10.1
15.8
6.8
8.9
14.0
7.7
8.0
7.9
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) International investment position of LU has been revised downwards following the revised treatment of Euro banknotes in national Balance of payments/International investment position statistics. 3) House price index e = source NCB for EL. 4) Private sector debt,
private sector credit flow: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014. 5) NULC for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
180
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0182.png
Table 6.6: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2011
Year
2011
Current account
balance - % of
GDP
(level year)
External imbalances and competitiveness
Net
Real effective
Export market
Nominal unit
international
exchange rate - 42
share - % of
labour cost
investment
trading partners,
world exports
index
(% y-o-y change)
position
HICP deflator
(2010=100)
(% of GDP)
(% y-o-y change)
(% y-o-y change)
House price
index
(2015=100),
deflated
(% y-o-y
change)
1.0
-8.7p
-1.7
-4.0
1.4
2.7
-17.8p
-7.5e
-9.8
4.0
-2.1
-2.1p
-4.5p
4.1
2.4
0.5
-6.9
-3.4
-4.0
2.9
-4.6
-6.4
-15.8
0.9
-5.2
0.0
0.8
-5.0
Private sector
credit flow,
consolidated
(% of GDP)
Internal imbalances
Private sector
General
debt,
government
consolidated
gross debt
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
Unemployment
rate
(level year)
Employment indicators
Total financial Activity rate - % of
Long-term
Youth
sector
total population unemployment rate unemployment rate
liabilities,
aged 15-64
- % of active
- % of active
(level year)
non-
population aged 15- population aged 15-
consolidated
74
24
(% y-o-y change)
(level year)
(level year)
5.4
5.4
4.3
1.6
2.9
-0.6
-2.2
-3.7
3.0
6.7
2.6
5.0
-6.1
-4.1
2.5
11.0
6.3
11.0
9.0
1.5
4.8
-4.5
4.6
-1.2
0.3
28.7
3.0
10.4
66.7
65.9b
70.5b
79.3
77.3b
74.7
69.2
67.3
73.9
69.7
64.1
62.1
73.5
72.8
71.4
67.9
62.4
61.8
78.1b
74.6
65.7
73.6b
64.1
70.3
68.7b
74.9
79.9
75.5
3.5
6.3b
2.7b
1.8
2.8b
7.1
8.6
8.8
8.9
4.0e
8.4
4.3
1.6
8.8
8.0
1.4
5.2
3.0
1.6b
1.2
3.6
6.2b
2.9
3.6
9.2b
1.7
1.5
2.7
18.7
25.0
18.1
14.2
8.5
22.4
29.1
44.7
46.2
22.7
36.6
29.2
22.4
31.0
32.6
16.4
26.0
13.3
10.0
8.9
25.8
30.2
23.9
15.7
33.7i
20.1
22.8
21.3
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
-1.1
0.3
-2.1
6.6
6.1
1.3
-2.4
-10.0
-3.2
-1.0
-0.8
-3.0
-4.1
-3.2
-4.6
6.0
0.8
-0.2
8.7
1.6
-5.2
-6.0
-4.9
0.2
-5.0
-1.8
5.5
-2.4
60.9
-82.8
-45.2
27.8
23.2
-54.8
-139.2
-88.8
-91.9
-8.7
-91.5
-18.3
-129.9
-74.4
-52.5
28.9
-105.7
6.3
20.4
-1.9
-62.4
-100.7
-65.4
-45.2
-64.4
15.1
-8.0
-11.7
0.6
1.0
2.0
-0.6
-0.6
1.1
-1.0
0.6
0.3
-0.6
-2.7
0.1
0.2
0.8
0.6
0.8
-0.5
-0.7
-0.3
0.5
-2.3
0.7
2.8
-0.7
1.1
0.0
4.1
0.5
-2.6
12.0
-0.2
-4.2
-2.0
15.1
-9.5
-6.7
-1.1
-2.6
-6.1
-3.5
-5.0
6.9
12.9
-1.4
-4.1
-4.2
-3.5
-2.5
-1.5
0.3
6.1
-1.7
2.9
-6.5
-0.2
-2.5
2.7
2.5
0.7
0.0
0.7
-0.2
-2.6b
-1.4p
-1.0
1.0
0.0d
0.7
1.8
-2.3
0.8
2.3
1.7
4.9
1.0
0.7
0.8
-2.0
-5.8
-0.8
1.0
2.3
2.6
0.1
21.8
1.4
2.1
4.4
1.6
-1.1
16.3
-6.5p
-3.7
6.4
-2.3
3.1
13.0
-2.0
-2.2
20.0
-4.4
5.4
4.2
3.0
6.7
-0.9
2.8
0.4
3.0
3.6
6.9
1.7
177.0
124.2
68.3
221.0
102.5
120.4
272.7
130.2p
196.2
135.3
122.8
122.7
321.6
115.3
64.7
277.0
114.4
159.8
225.0
129.4
73.9
204.1
72.9
113.0
70.2
145.4
190.8
179.6
102.6
15.2
39.8
46.1
78.6
6.1
110.3
172.1
69.5
85.2
65.0
116.5
65.7
42.7
37.2
18.7
79.9
70.1
61.6
82.2
54.1
111.4
34.4
46.6
43.7
48.5
37.9
81.3
7.2
11.3
6.7
7.6
5.8
12.3
14.7
17.9
21.4
9.2
13.7
8.4
7.9
16.2
15.4
4.8
11.0
6.4
5.0
4.6
9.7
12.9
7.2
8.2
13.7i
7.8
7.8
8.1
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) International investment position of LU has been revised downwards following the revised treatment of Euro banknotes in national Balance of payments/International investment position statistics. 3) House price index e = source NCB for EL. 4) Unemployment rate: SK i
= Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 5) Youth unemployment rate: SK i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 6) Private sector debt, private sector credit flow: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series for LU. The main
impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014. 7) NULC for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
181
 kom (2017) 0771 - Ingen titel
1821737_0183.png
Table 6.7: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2010
Year
2010
Current account
balance - % of
GDP
(level year)
External imbalances and competitiveness
Net
Real effective
Export market
Nominal unit
international
exchange rate - 42
share - % of
labour cost
investment
trading partners,
world exports
index
(% y-o-y change)
position
HICP deflator
(2010=100)
(% of GDP)
(% y-o-y change)
(% y-o-y change)
House price
index
(2015=100),
deflated
(% y-o-y
change)
1.4
-12.3p
-2.2
0.3
-0.8
2.1
-11.3p
-8.1e
-3.6
3.6
-7.7
-2.2be
-7.7p
-8.7
-8.6
4.2
-5.9
-1.1
-2.7
4.4be
-6.0e
-1.0
-13.9
-1.2
-4.9
4.8
6.4
4.0
Private sector
credit flow,
consolidated
(% of GDP)
Internal imbalances
Private sector
General
debt,
government
consolidated
gross debt
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
Unemployment
rate
(level year)
Employment indicators
Total financial Activity rate - % of
Long-term
Youth
sector
total population unemployment rate unemployment rate
liabilities,
aged 15-64
- % of active
- % of active
(level year)
non-
population aged 15- population aged 15-
consolidated
74
24
(% y-o-y change)
(level year)
(level year)
-1.4
-5.4
3.2
9.7
-1.1
-8.9
6.3
8.3
-1.8
3.3
3.1
4.2
8.4
-0.3
0.3
11.6
-0.3
12.4
5.9
-1.9
13.6
11.5
5.0
-3.4
1.6
19.8
2.7
7.3
67.7
66.7b
70.2
79.4
76.7b
73.9
69.4
67.8
73.5
69.8
65.1
62.0
73.6
73.0
70.2
68.2
61.9
60.4
78.2b
74.4
65.3b
73.7
64.9b
71.5
68.7
74.5
79.1
75.4
4.0
4.7b
3.0
1.5
3.3b
7.6
6.8
5.7
7.3
3.9e
6.6
4.0
1.3
8.8
7.4
1.3
5.5
3.1
1.2b
1.2
3.0b
5.7
2.4b
3.2
9.2
2.0
1.6
2.5
22.4
21.9i
18.3
13.9
9.8
32.9
27.6
33.0
41.5
23.3
32.3
27.9
16.6
36.2
35.7
15.8
26.4
13.2
11.1
9.5
23.7
28.2
22.1
14.7
33.9
21.4
24.8
19.9
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
1.8
-1.7
-3.6
6.6
5.6
1.8
-2.0
-11.4
-3.9
-0.8
-1.2
-3.4
-11.3
2.1
-1.3
6.7
0.3
-4.7
7.0
2.9
-5.4
-10.1
-5.1
-0.1
-4.7
1.2
6.0
-3.8
65.2
-91.9
-46.0
12.8
25.6
-71.2
-114.6
-99.0
-88.6
-9.3
-94.0
-20.2
-111.2
-82.9
-55.9
-20.4
-108.3
12.1
11.2
-5.2
-65.1
-104.3
-63.4
-47.2
-61.9
16.5
-5.6
-7.9
-2.6
-3.0
1.3
-4.5
-5.3
-3.8
-7.3
-1.2
-3.2
-4.2
-3.4
-4.6
-4.2
-8.0
-5.4
-1.7
1.6
-5.1
-3.9
-3.4
6.1
-3.1
1.5
-2.6
-4.3
-5.8
6.7
0.9
-6.6
-7.7
-5.0
-9.8
-6.2
2.8
-12.8
-11.5
-9.6
-10.1
-12.7
-8.6
-14.8
-4.9
4.8
-7.9
-7.9
-10.9
-6.8
-10.4
-1.7
-9.0
-0.4
-9.9
-4.6
-12.0
-1.5
-7.2
-0.7
4.3
0.1
-1.0
-1.2
-4.6
-9.1
1.0
-1.6
1.0
-0.6d
0.0
-0.2
-9.3
-7.0
-1.0
-0.3
0.2
-1.7
0.0
2.4b
-1.2
2.4
0.6
-1.1
-1.4
-2.6
1.8
1.4
3.7
2.6
-2.9
0.0
-7.6
2.2
5.5
0.9
4.6
4.9
5.0
15.1
2.5
-5.9
-23.6
-4.2
7.5
1.7
0.3
4.3
5.3
0.9
1.9
2.9
7.3
5.3
-0.6
164.4
132.5
67.9
220.6
106.7
140.4
257.2
128.1
200.3
131.8
125.3
123.3
315.6
134.0
74.5
277.9
114.9
162.4
225.8
132.3
69.7
201.5
73.9
115.1
67.4
148.9
189.1
185.1
99.7
15.3
37.4
42.6
80.9
6.6
86.1
146.2
60.1
81.6
58.2
115.4
56.3
46.8
36.2
19.8
79.7
67.5
59.3
82.4
53.1
96.2
30.2
38.4
41.2
47.1
38.6
75.6
8.3
10.3i
7.3
7.5
7.0
16.7
13.9
12.7
19.9
9.3
11.8
8.4
6.3
19.5
17.8
4.6
11.2
6.9
5.0
4.8
9.7
12.0
7.0
7.3
14.5
8.4
8.6
7.8
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) International investment position of LU has been revised downwards following the revised treatment of Euro banknotes in national Balance of payments/International investment position statistics. 3) House price index e = NSI estimates for PL; e = source NCB for EL, IT,
and AT. 4) Unemployment rate for BG, i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 5) Youth unemployment rate for BG, i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 6) Private sector debt, private sector credit flow: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant
revisions in the time series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014. 7) NULC for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
182
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1821737_0184.png
Table 6.8: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2009
Year
2009
Current account
balance - % of
GDP
(level year)
External imbalances and competitiveness
Net
Real effective
Export market
Nominal unit
international
exchange rate - 42
share - % of
labour cost
investment
trading partners,
world exports
index
(% y-o-y change)
position
HICP deflator
(2010=100)
(% of GDP)
(% y-o-y change)
(% y-o-y change)
House price
index
(2015=100),
deflated
(% y-o-y
change)
-0.1
-21.0p
-4.7
-13.0
1.3
-37.0
-13.2
-4.6e
-5.8
-4.8
-8.0
-0.1e
-6.7
-34.9
-32.8
-0.6
-9.0
-6.2
-3.4
3.6e
-5.4e
1.0
-27.1e
-10.2
-12.7
-0.4p
0.8
-9.7
Private sector
credit flow,
consolidated
(% of GDP)
Internal imbalances
Private sector
General
debt,
government
consolidated
gross debt
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
Unemployment
rate
(level year)
Employment indicators
Total financial Activity rate - % of
Long-term
Youth
sector
total population unemployment rate unemployment rate
liabilities,
aged 15-64
- % of active
- % of active
(level year)
non-
population aged 15- population aged 15-
consolidated
74
24
(% y-o-y change)
(level year)
(level year)
0.8
1.3
2.5
5.6
-6.3
-7.8
3.4
10.1
3.8
0.1
5.0
5.0
11.7
-9.2
-4.7
6.3
1.9
4.3
8.2
-2.0
9.0
8.9
16.0
7.7
-4.7
7.8
3.5
-17.0
66.9
67.2
70.1
80.2
76.3
74.0
70.6b
67.4b
73.1
69.8
65.6
62.3
73.0b
73.5
69.6
68.7b
61.2
59.4
79.7
74.3
64.7
73.4
63.1
71.8
68.4
75.0
78.9
75.7
3.5
3.0
2.0
0.6
3.5
3.7
3.5b
3.9b
4.3
3.3e
5.1
3.4
0.6b
4.5
3.3
1.2b
4.2
2.9
0.8
1.2
2.5
4.2
2.2
1.8
6.5
1.4
1.1
1.9
21.9
15.1
16.6
11.8
11.1
27.4
24.0
25.7
37.7
23.6
25.4
25.3
13.8
33.3
29.6
16.5
26.4
14.5
10.2
10.7
20.6i
25.3
20.0
13.6
27.6
21.5
25.0
19.1
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
-1.1
-8.3
-2.3
3.5
5.7
2.5
-5.6
-12.3
-4.3
-0.8
-5.3
-1.9
-7.7
7.8
1.4
7.2
-0.8
-6.6
5.5
2.6
-4.0
-10.4
-4.8
-0.6
-3.4
1.9
6.0
-3.9
57.5
-49.7
-43.9
0.9
25.0
-80.1
-116.5
-87.5
-93.5
-14.8
-86.9
-22.3
-100.3
-82.7
-58.4
-28.9
-115.0
12.6
1.4
-5.0
-57.3
-107.9
-62.0
-43.6
-66.5
3.2
-7.2
-15.9
0.5
4.0
-3.8
2.6
1.0
2.0
-1.5
2.4
0.4
0.4
1.4
1.3
1.0
5.1
6.8
0.9
-5.3
0.7
1.9
1.1
-14.5
-0.6
-7.3
2.3
6.8
3.1
-7.1
-9.3
0.9
-4.7
0.8
-1.8
-1.5
-8.1
18.4
-5.7
2.1
0.2
-0.9
-5.1
12.7
-1.9
-11.7
2.5
-3.5
16.9
0.4
-1.9
0.1
-0.2
0.5
-2.8
-7.4
-11.0
-8.7
-0.1
3.2
10.2
2.6
4.7
6.3
2.2
-4.5
7.1
1.6
3.5
6.9d
4.6
7.7
-10.9
-1.7
7.4
2.9
5.6
5.5
5.1
0.9
2.7
3.2
8.5
6.3
8.5
5.7
5.1
8.9
4.7
0.5
-1.9
-0.9
-6.0
-4.5
2.2
-1.2
3.3
2.6
0.8
13.3
-8.6
-9.4
8.6
6.0
12.7
8.6
1.3
4.4
5.3
-1.7
2.9
3.0
0.8
5.9
-3.8
168.9
133.8
65.9
232.2
113.0
153.2
256.1
116.5
201.4
130.5
119.1
122.5
306.0
125.4
83.3
326.5
116.4
168.1
228.8
131.9
67.1
204.2
71.9
113.5
69.2
142.8
201.5
192.0
99.5
13.7
33.6
40.2
72.6
7.0
61.5
126.7
52.8
78.9
49.0
112.5
53.8
35.8
28.0
15.7
77.2
67.6
56.8
79.6
49.4
83.6
23.2
34.6
36.3
41.7
41.4
64.1
7.9
6.8
6.7
6.0
7.6
13.5
12.0
9.6
17.9
9.1
9.3
7.7
5.4
17.5
13.8
5.1
10.0
6.9
4.4
5.3
8.1i
10.7
6.5
5.9
12.1
8.2
8.3
7.6
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) International investment position of LU has been revised downwards following the revised treatment of Euro banknotes in national Balance of payments/International investment position statistics. 3) House price index e = NSI estimates for PL and RO; e = source NCB
for EL, IT, and AT. 4) Private sector debt, private sector credit flow: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014. 5) Unemployment rate: PL i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011
Population Census results. 6) Youth unemployment rate: PL i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 7) NULC for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
183
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1821737_0185.png
Table 6.9: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2008
Year
2008
Current account
balance - % of
GDP
(level year)
External imbalances and competitiveness
Net
Real effective
Export market
Nominal unit
international
exchange rate - 42
share - % of
labour cost
investment
trading partners,
world exports
index
(% y-o-y change)
position
HICP deflator
(2010=100)
(% of GDP)
(% y-o-y change)
(% y-o-y change)
House price
index
(2015=100),
deflated
(% y-o-y
change)
1.2
17.6p
7.7e
-7.8
-0.4
-16.6
-8.0
-2.5e
-4.8
-1.9
-2.6e
-0.5e
0.6
-10.9
-1.8
0.2
-3.1
7.1
0.0
-1.1e
na
0.9be
na
1.3
12.9
-2.4p
-2.0
-8.2
Private sector
credit flow,
consolidated
(% of GDP)
Internal imbalances
Private sector
General
debt,
government
consolidated
gross debt
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
Unemployment
rate
(level year)
Employment indicators
Total financial Activity rate - % of
Long-term
Youth
sector
total population unemployment rate unemployment rate
liabilities,
aged 15-64
- % of active
- % of active
(level year)
non-
population aged 15- population aged 15-
consolidated
74
24
(% y-o-y change)
(level year)
(level year)
-4.4
-0.8
6.0
0.0
4.6
4.3
6.5
4.4
3.8
1.9
-8.2
-0.8
115.7
9.0
4.2
-6.4
26.1
13.2
3.8
10.9
6.8
4.4
14.0
6.6
10.5
16.8
12.0
46.9
67.1
67.8
69.7
80.7
75.9
74.2
72.1
66.7
72.7
69.4
65.8
62.9
73.6
74.2
68.4
66.8
61.2
59.1
79.3
73.9
63.8
73.9
62.9
71.8
68.8
76.0
79.3
75.8b
3.3
2.9
2.2
0.5
3.9
1.7
1.7
3.7
2.0
2.9e
5.3
3.0
0.5
1.9
1.3u
1.6
3.6
2.6
0.9
1.0
2.4
3.6
2.4
1.9
6.6
1.2
0.8
1.4
18.0
11.9
9.9
8.0
10.4
12.0i
13.3
21.9
24.5
19.0
23.6
21.2
9.0
13.6
13.3
17.3
19.5i
11.7
8.6
8.5
17.2
21.6
17.6
10.4
19.3
16.5
20.2
15.0
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
-1.0
-22.0
-1.9
2.9
5.6
-8.7
-6.9
-15.1
-9.3
-1.0
-9.0
-2.8
-15.5
-12.3
-13.6
7.6
-7.0
-1.1
5.0
4.5
-6.7
-12.1
-11.8
-5.3
-6.5
2.2
7.8
-4.6
51.8
-48.0
-38.1
-5.1
18.1
-75.4
-95.7
-75.8
-80.2
-13.8
-73.8
-21.7
-79.1
-74.2
-51.5
16.3
-101.7
4.2
-8.1
-10.0
-55.6
-95.1
-52.5
-39.4
-58.1
-4.6
-7.9
9.7
2.8
8.7
15.0
2.2
0.6
6.6
3.6
1.6
2.5
1.6
4.0
1.4
3.2
10.2
6.1
2.0
2.5
3.7
0.6
0.3
8.8
0.6
-5.4
1.6
8.5
1.6
-2.5
-13.1
-1.5
5.6
4.4
2.3
-3.3
0.9
-6.9
1.2
-4.5
-2.5
1.5
-6.3
-5.9e
4.4
20.0
-3.6
3.6
14.3
-0.2
-2.4
7.6
-3.8
14.1
-0.6
-1.8
0.0
-4.3
-10.9
4.7
12.8
3.6
5.7
2.3
16.7
7.5
5.3
5.7
2.9
5.1d
4.2
2.9
21.0
9.7
9.1
4.3
3.2
3.7
3.7
7.8
2.8
21.9
6.4
4.2
5.8
5.2
1.8
16.5
33.3
9.3
18.8
0.5
10.5
22.0
15.5
11.7
9.8
16.1
6.6
29.8
9.1
10.3
-5.5
12.6
13.4
9.7
5.4
14.2
15.9
13.1
15.5
10.9
16.7
18.7
12.6
162.7
131.4
63.8
222.3
109.7
136.7
236.4
113.0
195.7
122.2
110.8
113.9
285.0
104.5
76.7
296.1
105.0
153.3
216.3
126.7
67.3
196.2
65.5
105.6
64.9
132.7
189.1
190.7
92.5
13.0
28.3
33.3
65.1
4.5
42.4
109.4
39.5
68.0
39.6
102.4
45.1
18.2
14.6
14.9
71.0
62.6
54.7
68.4
46.3
71.7
13.2
21.8
28.5
32.7
37.8
49.9
7.0
5.6
4.4
3.4
7.4
5.5i
6.4
7.8
11.3
7.4
8.6
6.7
3.7
7.7
5.8
4.9
7.8i
6.0
3.7
4.1
7.1
8.8
5.6
4.4
9.6
6.4
6.2
5.6
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional. u:Low reliability.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) International investment position of LU has been revised downwards following the revised treatment of Euro banknotes in national Balance of payments/International investment position statistics. 3) House price index e = NSI estimates for CZ; e = source NCB for EL,
HR, IT, PT, and AT. 4) Unemployment rate for EE and HU i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 5) Youth unemployment rate for EE and HU i = Eurostat back-calculation to include 2011 Population Census results. 6) Private sector debt, private sector credit flow: due to improved sources and methods,
there are significant revisions in the time series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014. 7) NULC for HR d: employment data use national concept instead of domestic concept.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
184
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1821737_0186.png
Table 6.10: MIP Scoreboard (base indicators) 2007
Year
2007
Current account
balance - % of
GDP
(level year)
External imbalances and competitiveness
Net
Real effective
Export market
Nominal unit
international
exchange rate - 42
share - % of
labour cost
investment
trading partners,
world exports
index
(% y-o-y change)
position
HICP deflator
(2010=100)
(% of GDP)
(% y-o-y change)
(% y-o-y change)
House price
index
(2015=100),
deflated
(% y-o-y
change)
4.8
18.3p
16.0e
0.9
-3.7
12.2
4.8
2.1e
6.3
3.5b
8.9e
2.6e
8.0
22.0
19.3
4.7be
na
19.6
2.4
2.1e
na
-1.9e
na
18.7e
25.7
3.9p
10.9
7.8
Private sector
credit flow,
consolidated
(% of GDP)
Internal imbalances
Private sector
General
debt,
government
consolidated
gross debt
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
Unemployment
rate
(level year)
Employment indicators
Total financial Activity rate - % of
Long-term
Youth
sector
total population unemployment rate unemployment rate
liabilities,
aged 15-64
- % of active
- % of active
(level year)
non-
population aged 15- population aged 15-
consolidated
74
24
(% y-o-y change)
(level year)
(level year)
14.7
29.3
15.5
10.2
8.2
27.9
9.6
22.2
16.8
12.6
23.6
0.6
27.2
36.7
34.6
13.7
23.7
44.0
14.9
11.0
18.4
10.2
35.3
28.6
25.7
10.2
9.5
16.8
67.1
66.3
69.9
80.1
75.6
73.2
72.6b
66.5
71.8
69.3
65.7
62.4
73.9
72.6
67.9
66.9b
61.6
58.8
78.5
73.5b
63.2
73.9
63.0
71.3
68.3
75.6
79.1
75.5b
3.8
4.1
2.8
0.6
4.9
2.3
1.4b
4.2
1.7
3.3e
6.0
2.9
0.7
1.6
1.4u
1.2b
3.5
2.7
1.2
1.3b
4.9
3.8
3.2
2.2
8.3
1.5
0.8
1.3
18.8
14.1
10.7
7.5
11.8
10.1
9.1
22.7
18.1
19.5
25.4
20.4
10.2
10.6
8.4
15.6
18.1
13.5
9.4
9.4
21.6
21.4
19.3
10.1
20.6
16.5
19.2
14.3
BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
2.0
-23.9
-4.6
1.4
6.7
-15.0
-6.5
-15.2
-9.6
-0.3
-7.3
-1.4
-11.8
-20.7
-15.5
9.7
-7.1
-1.9
7.0
3.8
-6.3
-9.7
-13.8
-4.1
-5.9
3.8
8.2
-3.8
33.6
-39.4
-36.4
-5.8
18.7
-71.3
-31.4
-93.7
-79.6
-8.9
-89.1
-21.2
-56.5
-69.0
-54.6
-18.2
-88.1
21.4
-15.0
-9.7
-49.2
-88.8
-46.9
-25.5
-56.4
-27.9
1.2
-8.0
0.7
4.7
2.6
0.7
1.3
4.5
3.1
0.7
1.6
0.6
0.4
0.9
-0.7
6.5
3.0
0.9
10.9
1.3
0.2
0.6
3.1
1.0
8.3
1.3
9.7
0.2
1.0
1.6
2.4
6.9
7.8
-0.5
3.9
13.4
3.3
6.9
5.0
-1.1
1.9
3.1
3.0e
21.7
3.5
7.5
10.7
3.3
1.8
4.8
10.6
4.4
24.0
10.3
9.1
4.4
2.3
-7.7
1.8
8.3
2.6
5.2
-0.6
16.8
4.9
2.6
4.1
1.6
3.3p
2.0
1.5
27.3
4.8
0.4
4.9
2.0
2.4
1.1
3.2
1.0
8.9
2.6
0.2
0.3
4.2
3.8
17.0
41.2
9.3
17.1
2.1
12.3
24.9
16.2
26.4
11.2
16.8
12.0
30.4
29.5
22.8
148.8
15.9
7.8
12.9
7.3
12.5
18.2
20.3
21.5
9.6
13.2
20.1
18.4
134.5
123.4
57.4
208.5
110.9
123.0
198.1
101.5
191.2
115.6
101.3
109.7
265.5
102.6
74.7
309.6
93.7
146.7
214.9
123.9
54.4
185.0
57.8
96.3
60.4
123.6
167.9
183.8
87.0
16.3
27.5
27.3
63.7
3.7
23.9
103.1
35.6
64.3
37.7
99.8
53.5
8.0
15.9
7.7
65.0
62.3
42.7
64.7
44.2
68.4
12.7
22.8
30.1
34.0
39.3
41.9
7.5
6.9
5.3
3.8
8.5
4.6
4.7
8.4
8.2
8.0
9.9
6.1
3.9
6.1
4.3
4.2
7.4
6.5
4.2
4.9
9.6
9.1
6.4
4.9
11.2
6.9
6.1
5.3
Flags:b:Break in series. e:Estimated. p:Provisional. u:Low reliability.
1) For the employment indicators, see page 2 of the AMR 2016. 2) International investment position of LU has been revised downwards following the revised treatment of Euro banknotes in national Balance of payments/International investment position statistics. 3) House price index: e = NSI estimates for CZ and SI; e = source NCB
for EL, HR, IT, AT, and PT; e= NSI&NCB estimates for LU. 4) Private sector debt, private sector credit flow: due to improved sources and methods, there are significant revisions in the time series for LU. The main impact is a downward revision in levels of private sector debt for years 2007 to 2014.
Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (for Real Effective Exchange Rate), and International Monetary Fund data, WEO (for world exports series)
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