Europaudvalget 2018
KOM (2018) 0257
Offentligt
1889497_0001.png
EUROPEAN
COMMISSION
Brussels, 4.5.2018
SWD(2018) 246 final
PART 5/9
COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT
Accompanying the document
Report form the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament
on the implementation of Council Directive 91/676/EEC concerning the protection of
waters against pollution caused from agricultural sources based on Member State
reports for the period 2012-2015
{COM(2018) 257 final}
EN
EN
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
SECTION II
AGRICULTURAL PRESSURES IN THE EU: STATUS AND TRENDS
Pressures and consequences
Agriculture provides multiple benefits to society. However, some farming activities result in
the alteration of the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles and represent an important pressure on
the environment. The intensity of this pressure is dynamic and there can be important
differences based on local environmental conditions, characteristics of the production systems
and the intensity of production.
Large livestock numbers concentrated locally or regionally pose high risks to the environment
when manure production is out of balance with land availability and crop nutrient
requirements. This imbalance creates a surplus of nutrients much of which is sooner or later
lost to water (nitrates and phosphates) and air (ammonia and nitrogen oxides), if not exported
out of the region sometime leading to additional pressures in receiving areas. In particular the
loss of nutrients into Europe's waters can result in numerous negative impacts on human
health and the environment, such as groundwater pollution and the loss of habitats and
biodiversity.
Farm numbers and farm size
In 2013, there were approximately 10.9 million farms in the EU-28, which is an 11% decrease
compared to 2010 (Table
10).
Farm numbers decreased in all Member States, varying from
decreases of less than 1% (Ireland) to 38% (Italy), with the exception of the Czech Republic
where farm numbers increased by 15%. Farms with livestock decreased from approximately
6.9 to 6.2 million (-10%) in the EU-28 between 2010 and 2013.
The utilized agricultural area showed varying changes between the reporting periods 2008-
2011 and 2012-2015 (Table
9),
with an average decrease of 1%. Member States with relative
larger decreasing areas (<-2%) were Austria, Cyprus, Spain, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, the
Netherlands and Poland. Relative large increasing areas (>+2%) were observed in Estonia,
Greece, Croatia, Lithuania, Latvia and Malta.
Average farm sizes increased from 14.7 to 16.4 ha (+12%) between 2010 and 2013 (Table
11).
The changes in farm size varied from -13% in the Czech Republic to +77% in Croatia.
Small farms (<5 ha) are seen in Cyprus, Malta and Romania, whereas relatively large (>50
ha) are seen in the Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, France, Luxemburg, Slovakia and
the United Kingdom.
Livestock
44
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Because not all Member States have submitted comprehensive data concerning agriculture,
official statistics from Eurostat have been used to complement the information provided by
the Member States
1
.
The total number of livestock units (comprising cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, poultry, horses and
rabbits) in the EU-28 decreased by 3.6% between 2010 and 2013 (Table
17).
Six Member
States (the Czech Republic, Germany, Estonia, Finland, Ireland and Latvia) showed an
increasing livestock population varying from less than less than 1% to 3.5%. Relatively large
(<-10%) decreases were seen in Bulgaria, Cyprus, Denmark, Greece, Croatia, Malta and
Poland.
The average livestock density decreased, by 2.9% between 2010 and 2013 (Table
18),
from
0.75 to 0.73 livestock units per ha. In 2013, the livestock density varied from 0.21 livestock
units per ha in Bulgaria to 3.57 livestock units per ha in the Netherlands. Other countries with
relatively high livestock densities (>1.5 livestock units per ha) are Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark
and Malta.
The total number of cattle in the EU-28 decreased by 0.7% between the reporting periods
2008-2011 and 2012-2015 (Table 12). The changes varied from -11% to +14%. Relatively
large increases (>+4%) were observed in Hungary, Estonia, Latvia, Cyprus and the
Netherlands while relatively large decreases (<-4%) in Romania, Malta, Greece, and
Lithuania.
The total number of dairy cattle in the EU-28 decreased by 0.9% between the reporting
periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015 (Table
13).
The changes varied from -19% to +14%.
Relatively large (>+4%) increases were observed in Cyprus, Italy, Ireland and the Netherlands
while relatively large decreases (<-4%) were observed in Croatia, Greece, Lithuania, Malta,
Poland, Portugal, Romania and Slovakia.
The total number of pigs in the EU-28 decreased by 3% between the reporting periods 2008-
2011 and 2012-2015 (Table
14).
Most countries showed decreasing pig populations, except
Belgium, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Luxemburg, the Netherlands and Portugal. Relatively
large decreases (< -10%) were observed in Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Lithuania,
Malta, Poland, Romania and Slovenia.
The total number of poultry in the EU-28 decreased by 0.5% between 2010 and 2013 (Table
15).
The changes varied from -43% to +38%. Relatively large (>+15%) increases were
observed in Finland, Germany
2
, Luxemburg and Sweden, while relatively large decreases (<-
15%) were observed in Bulgaria, Cyprus, Greece, Hungary and Portugal.
Changes in sheep numbers between reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015 showed large
variations between Member States (Table
16).
A very large increase was seen in Lithuania
1
The Member States Summary Sheets - in Section VIII- is based exclusively on data reported from the Member
States under the Nitrates Directive. It should be noted that it has been observed that in some cases there are
discrepancies between the data reported by the Member States and Eurostat data.
Germany stated in their Article 10 report that the figure for 2013 is underestimated.
2
45
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
(+107%), and to some extent also in Latvia (+24%). Relatively large decreases (<-10%) were
observed in Germany, Spain, Italy, Malta, the Netherlands and Portugal.
The nutrients excretion rate might vary between Member States. Therefore variations in
animal numbers are not directly comparable in terms of nutrients production.
Animal manure
The total use of animal manure nitrogen in the EU-28 decreased from 9.5 to 9.2 kton N (-
2.6%) between the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015 (Table
21).
The changes
varied from -13% (Czech Republic) to +7% (Hungary). Relatively large (>+5%) increases
were observed in Hungary and Latvia. Relatively large (<-5%) decreases were observed in
Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Malta, Poland, Romania and Slovenia.
The total use of animal manure phosphate in the EU-28 decreased from 1.66 to 1.61 kton P (-
3.1%) between the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015 (Table
22).
The changes
varied from -15% (Czech Republic) to +8% (Hungary). Relatively large (>+5%) increases
were observed in Estonia, Hungary and Latvia. Relatively large (<-5%) decreases were
observed in Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Croatia, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland,
Romania and Slovenia.
Mineral fertilizer use
The total use of mineral fertiliser nitrogen in the EU-28 increased from 10.5 to 11.0 kton N (+
4%) between the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015 (Table
19).
The changes varied
from -30% (Croatia) to +56% (Bulgaria). Relatively large (>+15%) increases were observed
in Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Spain, Hungary, Lithuania, Latvia, Portugal and Slovakia.
The total use of mineral fertiliser phosphate in the EU-28 increased from 1.07 to 1.13 kton P
(+ 6%) between the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015 (Table
20).
The changes
varied from -46% (the Netherlands) to +56% (Bulgaria). Relatively large (>+15%) increases
were observed in Austria, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Spain, Hungary, Ireland,
Lithuania, Latvia and Slovakia. Relatively large (<-15%) decreases were observed in
Belgium, Greece, Italy, Malta and the Netherlands.
Nutrient surplus
A nutrient surplus occurs when not all the fertilizers and animal manure applied to the land
are absorbed by the plants or removed during harvest. A surplus represents a potential loss to
the environment or accumulation in the soil.
In the current reporting period, the net nitrogen balance in the EU-28 varies from around zero
to around 147 kg N per ha (Table
23).
Member States with relatively high surpluses (>50 kg
N/ha) are Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Luxemburg, the Netherlands and the
United Kingdom. The net nitrogen balance in the EU-28 increased from 31.8 to 32.5 kg N/ha
(+2.4%) between the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015. The changes varied from -
28 kg N/ha (Malta) to +10 kg N/ha (Ireland). Increase of >+5 kg N/ha were observed in
Austria, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Ireland, Slovenia and Slovakia. Decreases
46
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of >5 kg N/ha were observed in Denmark, Estonia, Greece, Croatia, Lithuania, Malta, the
Netherlands and Sweden.
In the current reporting period, the phosphate balance in the EU-28 varies from – 7 to +30 kg
P per ha (Table 24). Member States with negative surpluses are Bulgaria, Czech Republic,
Estonia, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Sweden and Slovakia. Relatively high surpluses (>5 kg
P/ha) are observed in Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, Croatia and Malta. The phosphate balance
in the EU-28 increased from 1.8 to 2.0 kg P/ha (+14%) between the reporting periods 2008-
2011 and 2012-2015. The changes varied from -5.5 kg P/ha (Malta) to +3 kg P/ha (Austria).
Relatively large (>2 kg P/ha) increases were observed in Austria and Hungary Relatively
large decreases (<-2 kg P/ha) were observed in Malta, the Netherlands and Poland.
Nitrogen discharge
Data on nitrogen discharge into the aquatic environment has not been provided by all Member
States (Table
6).
For the Member States that reported comparable data for both periods
(Belgium-Wallonia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Germany, Estonia, Finland, France, Ireland,
Luxemburg, Poland, Romania, UK-Northern Ireland and UK-Scotland), the average nitrogen
discharge decreased by 3%. Increases were observed for Czech Republic, Estonia, Ireland and
UK-Northern Ireland). In the reporting period 2012-2015 the contribution from agriculture
varies from around 50% to nearly 100%.
47
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Nitrogen discharge (kton N)
MS
AT
BE-F
BE-W
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
EL
ES
FI
FR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK-EN
UK-NI
UK-SC
UK-WA
2008-2011
80
24
18
no data
27
217
56
no data
23
no data
no data
39
720
no data
410
767
no data
no data
3
no data
0.2
57
1696
no data
820
94
no data
no data
no data
16
189
no data
2012-2015
no data
16
15
no data
16
223
56
no data
26
no data
no data
35
809
122
459
786
no data
no data
3.0
no data
no data
51
1521
155
792
95
no data
17
193
17
169
no data
6
-11
-3
1
-11
-10
0
12
2
-10
12
13
-41
3
0
-33
-17
Change
(%)
Contribution agriculture (%)
2008-2011
50
no data
81
no data
no data
95
86
no data
85
no data
no data
74
no data
no data
93
no data
no data
no data
65
no data
no data
63
99
no data
no data
81
87
no data
no data
79
72
no data
2012-2015
no data
no data
no data
no data
no data
96
88
no data
96
no data
no data
70
no data
96
96
no data
no data
no data
73
no data
no data
62
99
87
no data
81
89
50
69
79
70
no data
0
-3
0
2
-2
0
12
3
-5
13
1
2
Change
(%)
Specific reference years*
2001 - 2006
1990 / 2011
2009 / 2011
2010 - 2012 / 2013
2009 / 2011
2012
Table 6.
Annual average nitrogen discharge (kton N) to the aquatic environment and relative contribution of
agriculture (%), presented in the article 10 reports of the Member States for reporting periods 2008-2011 and
2012-2015. * If different from 2008-2001 and 2012-2015.
48
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Cattle
MS
AT
BE-FL
BE-WA
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
EL
ES
FI
FR
UK-EN
UK-WA
UK-SC
UK-NI
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
2008-
2011
2.01
1.33
1.28
0.55
0.06
1.34
12.71
1.56
0.24
0.63
no
data
0.93
19.40
5.40
1.13
1.80
1.59
no
data
0.69
6.60
6.00
0.76
0.20
0.38
0.02
3.90
5.76
1.40
1.99
1.54
0.47
0.47
2012-
2015
1.96
1.30
1.22
0.55
0.06
1.41
12.69
1.52
0.26
0.43
no
data
0.91
18.80
5.21
1.11
1.81
1.60
0.46
0.82
6.90
6.00
0.73
0.20
0.41
0.01
4.00
5.76
1.40
2.03
1.50
0.46
0.47
18.3
4.5
0.0
-3.9
-0.5
7.9
-35.9
2.6
0.0
0.0
2.2
-2.7
-1.3
-1.1
2009 / 2013
Change
(%)
-2.6
-2.3
-4.7
-0.4
3.5
4.7
-0.2
-2.6
8.3
-31.7
2010 / 2013
Specific
reference
year*
2010 / 2014
Pigs
2008-
2011
3.13
6.12
0.36
0.69
0.44
1.75
26.90
21.30
0.37
0.90
no
data
1.37
2010 / 2013
2011 / 2015
13.80
3.60
0.03
0.39
0.42
no
data
3.27
1.50
11.00
0.89
0.08
0.38
0.07
12.20
15.28
1.90
5.36
1.53
0.40
0.69
2012-
2015
2.87
6.30
0.34
0.57
0.36
1.56
28.13
20.10
0.26
0.20
no
data
1.24
13.30
3.83
0.03
0.33
0.50
1.51
3.12
1.60
11.00
0.76
0.09
0.32
0.03
12.30
10.59
1.80
5.15
1.40
0.29
0.64
-4.3
6.7
0.0
-14.6
9.8
-14.4
-60.1
0.8
-30.7
-5.3
-4.0
-8.5
-27.4
-7.5
2009 / 2013
Change
(%)
-8.5
2.9
-5.6
-18.2
-18.2
-10.8
4.6
-5.6
-29.7
-77.8
2010 / 2013
Specific
reference
year*
2010 / 2014
Poultry
2008-
2011
14.74
26.29
5.07
16.70
3.83
21.25
128.90
18.30
1.91
31.60
no data
-9.5
-3.6
6.4
0.0
-16.4
18.2
2010 / 2013
2011 / 2015
9.59
335.70
120.29
7.53
14.53
17.54
no data
40.72
1
2012-
2015
15.73
29.88
4.98
14.67
3.30
22.51
177.33
18.60
2.22
46.60
no data
12.58
335.90
125.43
8.46
14.17
20.05
12.88
37.12
Change (%)
6.7
13.7
-1.8
-12.1
-13.8
5.9
37.6
1.6
16.2
47.5
Specific
reference
year*
2010 / 2014
-1.7
-3.1
-3.5
-1.8
0.3
0.2
31.2
0.1
4.3
12.4
-2.5
14.3
2010 / 2013
2011 / 2015
-8.8
183.00
9.08
0.09
5.16
1.20
97.90
176.49
35.40
79.84
12.42
4.56
12.30
186.00
9.40
0.11
4.22
0.08
100.70
153.21
1.6
3.5
25.6
-18.2
-93.5
2.9
-13.2
78.34
16.54
5.00
11.77
-1.9
33.2
9.8
-4.3
2009 / 2013
Table 7.
Average livestock numbers (1,000,000) presented in the article 10 reports of the Member States for
reporting periods 2008-201 and, 2012-2015, and the change between the two reporting periods.
* If different from 2008-2001 and 2012-2015; 1: DE reported that the figure was underestimated.
49
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Animal manure
MS
AT
BE-FL
BE-WA
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
EL
ES
FI
FR
UK-EN
UK-WA
UK-SC
UK-NI
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
2008-2011
174
100
74
69
15
69
1246
227
22
65
no data
78
1777
305
1
no data
152
97
3
no data
121
449
371
4
53
12
3533
6
no data
314
483
no data
399
99
29
46
2012-2015
167
95
71
73
9
63
1277
217
23
57
no data
75
1720
no data
no data
151
98
3
49
123
459
352
4
47
12
3967
6
no data
301
517
no data
410
103
29
48
2.8
4.0
-1.0
4.8
2009 / 2013
-4.1
7.0
1.6
2.2
-5.1
-11.4
0.0
12.3
-0.7
1.2
-3.4
-3.2
2010 / 2014
Change (%)
-4.0
-4.9
-4.9
6.9
-37.2
-8.7
2.5
-4.4
2.7
-12.2
2010 / 2013
Specific reference
year*
2010 / 2013
2012-2014
Fertilizer
2008-2011
104
39
74
186
8
353
1578
197
30
225
no data
157
2080
824
2
824
2
127
68
no data
288
319
545
5
no data
13
60
0.6
204
1091
no data
313
157
27
96
2012-2015
107
39
76
191
7
397
1597
202
34
no data
no data
147
2200
819
2
819
2
143
71
74
335
328
803
5
no data
13
76
0.6
190
1004
no data
312
155
27
116
-0.2
-1.0
1.5
20.4
2009 / 2013
0.8
26.8
0.0
-6.9
-8.0
16.3
3.0
47.3
-5.8
5.8
-0.6
-0.6
12.6
4.1
2010 / 2014
2011/2015
2011/2015
Change (%)
3.2
0.0
3.7
2.9
-6.3
12.6
1.2
2.5
12.2
2010-2011
Specific reference
year*
2010 / 2013
2012-2014
Table 8.
Average annual animal manure nitrogen and fertiliser nitrogen use (1,000 kg N) presented in the article
10 reports of the Member States for reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015, and the change between the
two reporting periods.
* If different from 2008-2001 and 2012-2015; 1: 2010 survey;2 England & Wales; 3 Report also stated different
values (116/118); 4 Data from 65% of the regions; 5 Data from 75% of the regions; 6 kg manure (no N content
available).
50
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1889497_0009.png
2008
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
EL
ES
FI
FR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
EU-28
3,171
1,374
5,101
127
3,572
16,926
2,683
907
4,774
24,718
2,296
29,385
1,289
5,790
4,629
13,338
2,672
131
1,825
10
1,933
15,608
3,726
13,634
3,076
492
1,936
17,703
182,824
2009
3,169
1,365
5,030
125
3,546
16,890
2,639
932
4,936
24,190
2,296
28,876
1,300
5,783
4,594
13,111
2,689
131
1,833
10
1,921
15,625
3,695
13,621
3,067
469
1,930
17,325
181,096
2010
3,166
1,358
5,052
115
3,524
16,704
2,676
949
4,839
23,719
2,292
29,311
1,334
5,343
4,569
12,885
2,772
131
1,806
11
1,872
14,603
3,654
14,156
3,074
483
1,922
17,234
179,553
2011
2,868
1,337
5,088
116
3,504
16,721
2,673
946
5,477
23,894
2,287
28,853
1,326
5,337
4,556
12,670
2,806
131
1,816
11
1,858
14,780
3,649
13,982
3,063
458
1,930
17,172
179,310
2012
2,864
1,334
5,123
116
3,526
16,667
2,664
956
5,596
23,463
2,285
29,001
1,331
5,338
4,533
12,548
2,842
131
1,841
11
1,842
14,529
3,664
13,733
3,032
480
1,927
17,282
178,660
2013
2,862
1,339
4,995
107
3,521
16,700
2,628
966
5,315
23,495
2,259
28,976
1,301
5,340
4,478
12,426
2,891
131
1,878
12
1,848
14,410
3,716
13,905
3,036
479
1,929
17,259
178,199
2014
2,716
1,333
4,977
107
3,516
16,725
2,652
975
5,139
23,572
2,267
28,930
1,241
5,346
4,465
12,720
2,952
131
1,873
12
1,839
14,424
3,701
13,830
3,036
482
1,925
17,240
178,127
2015
2,720
1,331
5,011
126
3,494
16,731
2,633
994
5,092
23,897
2,273
29,115
1,538
5,346
4,429
12,661
3,006
131
1,885
12
1,846
14,398
3,700
13,835
3,028
477
1,922
17,147
178,779
08-11
3,093
1,359
5,068
120
3,536
16,810
2,668
933
5,007
24,131
2,293
29,106
1,312
5,563
4,587
13,001
2,735
131
1,820
11
1,896
15,154
3,681
13,848
3,070
475
1,929
17,359
180,696
12-15
2,791
1,334
5,027
114
3,514
16,706
2,644
973
5,286
23,607
2,271
29,005
1,353
5,343
4,476
12,589
2,923
131
1,869
12
1,843
14,440
3,696
13,826
3,033
479
1,926
17,232
178,441
Change
-9.8%
-1.8%
-0.8%
-5.2%
-0.6%
-0.6%
-0.9%
4.2%
5.6%
-2.2%
-0.9%
-0.3%
3.1%
-4.0%
-2.4%
-3.2%
6.9%
0.2%
2.7%
6.8%
-2.8%
-4.7%
0.4%
-0.2%
-1.2%
0.8%
-0.2%
-0.7%
-1.2%
Table 9.
Utilized agricultural area (1,000 ha) in the period 2008-2015, and the change between the periods
2008-2011 and 2012-2015 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
51
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0010.png
Figure 18
Utilized agricultural area (1,000 ha) in the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015 (Source:
Eurostat, June 2017).
Figure 19
Change in utilized agricultural area (%) between the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015
(Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
52
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0011.png
2010
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
EL
ES
FI
FR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
EU-28
150,170
42,850
370,490
38,860
22,860
299,130
41,360
19,610
723,060
989,800
63,870
516,100
233,280
576,810
139,890
1,620,880
199,910
2,200
83,390
12,530
72,320
1,506,620
305,270
3,859,040
71,090
74,650
24,460
185,200
12,245,700
2013
140,430
37,760
254,410
35,380
26,250
285,030
38,280
19,190
709,500
965,000
54,400
472,210
157,440
491,330
139,600
1,010,330
171,800
2,080
81,800
9,360
67,480
1,429,010
264,420
3,629,660
67,150
72,380
23,570
183,040
10,838,290
Change
-6.5%
-11.9%
-31.3%
-9.0%
14.8%
-4.7%
-7.4%
-2.1%
-1.9%
-2.5%
-14.8%
-8.5%
-32.5%
-14.8%
-0.2%
-37.7%
-14.1%
-5.5%
-1.9%
-25.3%
-6.7%
-5.2%
-13.4%
-5.9%
-5.5%
-3.0%
-3.6%
-1.2%
-11.5%
Table 10.
Number of farms in 2010 and 2013, and the change between 2010 and 2013 (Source: Eurostat, June
2017 ).
53
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0012.png
Figure 20
Number of farms in 2010 and 2013 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
Figure 21
Change in the number of farms (%) between 2010 and 2013 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017 ).
54
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0013.png
2010
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
EL
ES
FI
FR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
EU-28
19
32
12
3
152
56
64
48
7
24
36
54
6
8
36
8
14
60
22
1
26
10
12
3
43
6
77
91
15
2013
19
35
18
3
133
59
68
50
7
24
42
59
10
9
36
12
17
63
23
1
27
10
14
4
45
7
81
95
16
Change
1.3%
9.3%
51.3%
1.4%
-12.7%
4.9%
6.9%
4.0%
-4.4%
0.6%
17.0%
8.9%
76.9%
16.7%
-0.4%
51.0%
21.4%
5.7%
6.6%
27.2%
5.8%
5.2%
14.6%
4.3%
4.8%
3.8%
4.1%
3.8%
12.1%
Table 11.
Average farm size (ha) in 2010 and 2013, and the change between 2010 and 2013 (Source: Eurostat,
June 2017).
55
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0014.png
Figure 22
Average farm size (ha) in 2010 and 2013 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
Figure 23
Change in average farm size (%) between 2010 and 2013 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
56
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0015.png
2008
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
EL
ES
FI
FR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
EU-28
1,997
2,538
574
56
1,358
12,988
1,599
238
682
6,020
907
20,028
454
701
6,304
6,486
771
196
380
18
3,996
5,564
1,495
2,684
1,505
470
488
9,911
90,408
2009
2,026
2,535
548
54
1,356
12,897
1,621
235
675
6,082
908
19,842
447
700
6,232
6,447
759
195
378
16
3,998
5,590
1,447
2,512
1,482
473
472
9,901
89,829
2010
2,013
2,510
554
55
1,319
12,706
1,630
236
679
6,075
909
19,599
444
682
5,918
5,832
748
194
379
15
3,960
5,562
1,503
2,001
1,475
470
467
9,896
87,831
2011
1,977
2,472
568
57
1,339
12,528
1,612
238
681
5,923
903
19,129
447
697
5,925
6,252
752
188
381
15
3,912
5,501
1,519
1,989
1,450
462
463
9,675
87,054
2012
1,956
2,438
535
57
1,321
12,507
1,607
246
685
5,813
901
19,052
452
760
6,253
6,252
729
188
393
16
3,985
5,520
1,498
2,009
1,444
460
471
9,749
87,297
2013
1,958
2,441
586
57
1,332
12,686
1,583
261
653
5,802
903
19,129
442
782
6,309
6,249
714
198
406
15
4,090
5,590
1,471
2,022
1,444
461
468
9,682
87,734
2014
1,961
2,477
562
60
1,373
12,742
1,553
265
659
6,079
907
19,271
441
802
6,243
6,125
737
201
422
15
4,169
5,660
1,549
2,069
1,436
468
466
9,693
88,406
2015
1,958
2,503
561
59
1,366
12,635
1,566
256
582
6,183
903
19,406
455
821
6,422
6,156
723
201
419
15
4,315
5,763
1,606
2,092
1,428
484
457
9,816
89,152
08-11
2,003
2,514
561
55
1,343
12,780
1,616
237
679
6,025
907
19,650
448
695
6,095
6,254
758
193
380
16
3,967
5,554
1,491
2,296
1,478
469
473
9,846
88,781
12-15
1,958
2,465
561
58
1,348
12,643
1,577
257
645
5,969
904
19,215
448
791
6,307
6,196
725
197
410
15
4,140
5,633
1,531
2,048
1,438
468
465
9,735
88,147
Change
-2.3%
-1.9%
0.0%
5.0%
0.4%
-1.1%
-2.4%
8.6%
-5.1%
-0.9%
-0.3%
-2.2%
-0.1%
13.8%
3.5%
-0.9%
-4.2%
1.9%
8.0%
-5.2%
4.4%
1.4%
2.7%
-10.8%
-2.7%
-0.1%
-1.5%
-1.1%
-0.7%
Table 12.
Number of total cattle (1,000) in the period 2008-2015, and the change between the periods 2008-
2011 and 2012-2015 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
57
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1889497_0016.png
Figure 24
Average number of total cattle (1,000) in the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015 (Source:
Eurostat, June 2017).
Figure 25
Change in the number of total cattle (%) between the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015
(Source: Eurostat, June 2017)..
58
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0017.png
2008
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
EL
ES
FI
FR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
EU-28
530
518
315
24
400
4,229
566
100
154
888
288
3,857
213
263
1,024
1,831
395
46
170
7
1,587
2,697
265
1,483
366
113
174
1,903
24,406
2009
533
518
297
23
384
4,169
574
97
145
828
286
3,748
212
248
1,022
1,878
375
46
166
7
1,562
2,585
255
1,419
354
113
163
1,864
23,871
2010
533
518
314
23
375
4,182
573
97
144
845
284
3,718
207
239
1,007
1,746
360
46
164
6
1,518
2,529
243
1,179
349
109
159
1,847
23,314
2011
527
511
313
24
374
4,190
579
96
130
798
282
3,664
185
252
1,036
1,755
350
44
164
6
1,504
2,446
242
1,170
348
109
154
1,800
23,053
2012
523
504
294
24
367
4,190
579
97
132
827
280
3,644
181
255
1,060
2,009
331
45
165
6
1,541
2,346
237
1,163
346
111
150
1,786
23,193
2013
530
516
313
25
375
4,268
567
98
130
844
282
3,697
168
250
1,082
2,075
316
48
165
6
1,597
2,299
231
1,169
346
110
145
1,817
23,468
2014
538
519
302
25
372
4,296
547
96
135
845
283
3,699
159
255
1,128
2,069
314
47
166
7
1,610
2,248
234
1,188
344
108
143
1,883
23,559
2015
534
529
283
26
369
4,285
570
91
111
844
282
3,661
152
251
1,240
2,057
301
49
162
6
1,717
2,134
243
1,191
337
113
139
1,918
23,595
08-11
531
516
310
24
383
4,193
573
97
143
840
285
3,747
204
251
1,022
1,803
370
46
166
7
1,543
2,564
251
1,313
354
111
162
1,854
23,661
12-15
531
517
298
25
371
4,260
566
95
127
840
282
3,675
165
253
1,128
2,052
315
47
164
6
1,616
2,257
236
1,178
343
110
144
1,851
23,454
Change
0.1%
0.2%
-3.7%
6.3%
-3.2%
1.6%
-1.3%
-2.3%
-11.3%
0.0%
-1.1%
-1.9%
-19.1%
0.9%
10.3%
13.9%
-14.7%
3.8%
-0.9%
-5.0%
4.8%
-12.0%
-6.1%
-10.3%
-3.1%
-0.9%
-11.2%
-0.1%
-0.9%
Table 13.
Number of dairy cattle (1,000) in the period 2008-2015, and the change between the periods 2008-
2011 and 2012-2015 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
59
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0018.png
Figure 26
Average number of dairy cattle (1,000) in the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015 (Source:
Eurostat, June 2017).
Figure 27
Change in the number of dairy cattle (%) between the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015
(Source: Eurostat, June 2017 ).
60
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0019.png
2008
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
EL
ES
FI
FR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
EU-28
3,064
6,208
784
465
2,135
26,719
12,195
365
1,061
26,290
1,400
14,810
1,104
3,383
1,511
9,252
897
78
384
66
11,735
14,242
1,955
6,174
1,703
432
749
4,550
153,707
2009
3,137
6,228
730
463
1,914
26,841
12,873
365
1,073
25,343
1,353
14,552
1,250
3,247
1,502
9,157
928
89
377
66
12,108
14,253
1,945
5,793
1,616
415
741
4,423
152,780
2010
3,134
6,176
664
464
1,846
26,901
12,293
372
1,087
25,704
1,340
14,279
1,231
3,169
1,500
9,321
929
89
390
69
12,206
14,776
1,917
5,428
1,607
396
687
4,385
152,361
2011
3,005
6,328
608
439
1,487
27,402
12,348
366
1,120
25,635
1,290
13,967
1,233
3,044
1,553
9,351
790
91
375
46
12,103
13,056
1,985
5,364
1,568
347
580
4,326
149,809
2012
2,983
6,448
531
395
1,534
28,331
12,281
375
1,044
25,250
1,271
13,778
1,182
2,989
1,493
8,662
808
89
355
45
12,104
11,132
2,024
5,234
1,474
296
631
4,216
146,955
2013
2,896
6,351
586
358
1,548
28,133
12,402
359
1,031
25,495
1,258
13,428
1,110
3,004
1,469
8,561
755
90
368
49
12,013
10,994
2,014
5,180
1,480
288
637
4,383
146,242
2014
2,868
6,350
553
342
1,607
28,339
12,709
358
1,046
26,568
1,223
13,300
1,156
3,136
1,506
8,676
714
93
349
47
12,065
11,266
2,127
5,042
1,458
282
642
4,510
148,331
2015
2,845
6,364
600
328
1,555
27,652
12,702
305
877
28,367
1,239
13,307
1,167
3,124
1,475
8,675
688
89
334
44
12,453
10,590
2,247
4,927
1,435
271
633
4,422
148,716
08-11
3,085
6,235
696
458
1,845
26,966
12,427
367
1,085
25,743
1,346
14,402
1,204
3,211
1,517
9,270
886
87
381
62
12,038
14,082
1,950
5,690
1,623
398
689
4,421
152,164
12-15
2,898
6,378
568
356
1,561
28,114
12,524
349
1,000
26,420
1,248
13,453
1,154
3,063
1,486
8,643
741
90
352
46
12,159
10,996
2,103
5,096
1,462
284
636
4,383
147,561
Change
-6.1%
2.3%
-18.5%
-22.3%
-15.4%
4.3%
0.8%
-4.9%
-7.9%
2.6%
-7.3%
-6.6%
-4.2%
-4.6%
-2.0%
-6.8%
-16.4%
3.5%
-7.8%
-24.8%
1.0%
-21.9%
7.8%
-10.4%
-9.9%
-28.5%
-7.7%
-0.9%
-3.0%
Table 14.
Number of pigs (1,000) in the period 2008-2015, and the change in number between the periods 2008-
2011 and 2012-2015 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
61
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1889497_0020.png
Figure 28
Average number of pigs (1,000) in the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015 (Source:
Eurostat, June 2017).
Figure 29
Change in the number of pigs (%) between the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015 (Source:
Eurostat, June 2017).
62
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0021.png
2010
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
EL
ES
FI
FR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
EU-28
14,620
34,370
17,490
3,220
25,320
128,900
18,740
1,940
36,760
200,910
9,310
296,130
13,470
48,700
10,930
167,520
8,600
90
5,160
980
103,620
174,300
35,350
79,190
14,290
4,900
12,660
162,560
1,630,030
2013
15,740
35,100
14,280
1,850
25,340
177,340
19,430
2,170
27,880
205,820
11,980
297,070
13,630
41,100
10,130
164,900
9,330
120
5,030
920
99,430
149,200
28,620
76,300
16,620
4,870
11,360
155,510
1,621,070
Change
7.7%
2.1%
-18.4%
-42.5%
0.1%
37.6%
3.7%
11.9%
-24.2%
2.4%
28.7%
0.3%
1.2%
-15.6%
-7.3%
-1.6%
8.5%
33.3%
-2.5%
-6.1%
-4.0%
-14.4%
-19.0%
-3.6%
16.3%
-0.6%
-10.3%
-4.3%
-0.5%
Table 15.
Number of poultry (1,000) in 2010 and 2013, and the change between the years 2010 and 2013
(Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
63
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0022.png
Figure 30
Average number of poultry (1,000) in 2010 and 2013 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
Figure 31
Change in the number of poultry (%) between 2010 and 2013 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
64
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0023.png
2008
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
EL
ES
FI
FR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
EU-28
1,475
267
183
1,920
90
62
8,994
19,952
94
7,715
643
1,236
3,423
8,175
48
8
67
13
1,545
270
2,558
8,882
521
139
362
21,856
:
333
2009
345
2010
358
2011
361
2012
365
119
2013
357
117
1,370
313
2014
349
2015
354
08-11
349
12-15
356
118
Change
2.0%
1,400
300
197
1,852
1,368
329
1,455
356
1,362
347
1,335
322
1,332
332
1,424
313
190
1,350
329
-5.3%
5.0%
1,800
1,658
1,641
1,570
1,601
1,580
1,807
90
62
1,598
-11.6%
8,859
19,718
9,791
18,552
9,781
17,003
9,213
16,339
9,356
16,119
9,072
8,852
9,356
18,806
94
9,123
16,229
-2.5%
-13.7%
7,528
619
1,223
3,183
8,013
53
9
71
13
1,091
224
2,368
9,142
540
138
377
21,343
7,955
630
1,181
3,122
7,900
59
8
77
12
1,211
214
2,226
8,417
565
7,621
639
1,120
3,321
7,943
60
7,453
679
1,185
3,430
7,016
83
7,193
620
1,214
3,324
7,182
100
7,168
605
1,185
3,325
7,166
124
7,057
608
1,190
3,325
7,149
147
7,705
633
1,190
3,262
8,008
55
8
7,218
628
1,194
3,351
7,128
113
-6.3%
-0.8%
0.3%
2.7%
-11.0%
107.1%
80
12
1,113
213
2,170
8,533
623
84
12
1,093
219
2,092
8,834
611
85
11
1,074
93
11
1,070
102
11
1,032
74
13
1,240
230
91
11
1,067
219
2,060
9,324
593
23.5%
-11.5%
-13.9%
-5.0%
-11.6%
6.6%
5.4%
2,074
9,136
577
2,033
9,518
589
2,043
9,810
595
2,331
8,743
562
138
394
21,295
394
21,951
410
22,991
400
22,027
391
22,687
381
23,103
382
21,611
396
22,702
3.6%
5.0%
Table 16.
Number of sheep (1,000) in the period 2008-2015, and the change in number between the periods
2008-2011 and 2012-2015 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
65
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0024.png
Figure 32
Average number of sheep (1,000) in the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015 (Source:
Eurostat, June 2017).
Figure 33
Change in the number of sheep (%) between the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015
(Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
66
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0025.png
2010
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
EL
ES
FI
FR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
EU-28
2,517
3,799
1,149
201
1,722
17,793
4,919
306
2,407
14,831
1,121
22,674
1,020
2,484
5,787
9,912
900
168
475
42
6,712
10,377
2,206
5,444
1,752
518
668
13,308
135,212
2013
2,439
3,584
1,025
175
1,728
18,407
4,133
310
2,143
14,502
1,146
21,871
864
2,259
5,929
9,374
839
165
486
35
6,602
9,165
2,036
4,975
1,712
488
645
13,282
130,320
Change
-3.1%
-5.6%
-10.8%
-13.1%
0.3%
3.5%
-16.0%
1.3%
-11.0%
-2.2%
2.2%
-3.5%
-15.3%
-9.0%
2.5%
-5.4%
-6.8%
-1.3%
2.4%
-16.1%
-1.6%
-11.7%
-7.7%
-8.6%
-2.3%
-5.9%
-3.5%
-0.2%
-3.6%
Table 17.
Number of Livestock Units (1,000) in 2010 and 2013, and the change between the years 2010 and
2013 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
67
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0026.png
Figure 34
Average number of Livestock Units (1,000) in 2010 and 2013 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017 ).
Figure 35
Change in the number of Livestock Units (%) between 2010 and 2013 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
68
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0027.png
2010
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
EL
ES
FI
FR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
EU-28
0.80
2.80
0.23
1.75
0.49
1.07
1.84
0.32
0.50
0.63
0.49
0.77
0.76
0.46
1.27
0.77
0.32
1.28
0.26
3.64
3.58
0.71
0.60
0.38
0.57
1.07
0.35
0.77
0.75
2013
0.85
2.68
0.21
1.63
0.49
1.10
1.57
0.32
0.40
0.62
0.51
0.75
0.66
0.42
1.32
0.75
0.29
1.26
0.26
2.99
3.57
0.64
0.55
0.36
0.56
1.02
0.33
0.77
0.73
Change
7.2%
-4.3%
-9.8%
-6.9%
0.4%
3.5%
-14.4%
-0.5%
-18.9%
-1.3%
3.7%
-2.4%
-13.2%
-9.0%
4.5%
-1.9%
-10.7%
-1.2%
-1.5%
-17.9%
-0.3%
-10.5%
-9.3%
-7.0%
-1.1%
-5.1%
-3.9%
-0.3%
-2.9%
Table 18.
Livestock density (LU per ha UAA) in 2010 and 2013, and the change between the years 2010 and
2013 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
69
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0028.png
Figure 36
Average livestock density (LU per ha UAA) in 2010 and 2013 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).LU =
LiveStock Unit; UAA=Utilised Agricultural Area.
Figure 37
Change in livestock density (%) between 2010 and 2013 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
70
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0029.png
2008
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
EL
ES
FI
FR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
EU-
28
108,502
134,648
173,917
46
341,628
1,807,176
220,674
35,455
201,000
739,757
162,905
2,425,221
170,152
294,309
308,960
659,922
118,300
13,329
47,492
594
220,712
1,142,273
105,131
279,886
186,500
25,039
121,435
1,000,999
2009
89,132
147,412
177,553
4,312
253,759
1,550,625
200,412
27,328
175,000
781,069
136,009
2,098,801
90,793
274,944
306,806
518,778
134,400
13,384
51,877
615
211,350
1,095,441
97,293
296,055
142,400
28,202
96,334
948,022
2010
104,762
151,341
199,083
4,276
270,256
1,569,045
190,072
28,628
213,000
940,984
156,523
2,080,333
109,345
281,428
337,574
496,637
143,200
13,766
59,458
636
205,211
1,027,430
100,249
305,757
168,000
27,486
106,513
1,016,417
2011
98,161
148,562
192,357
5,086
352,745
1,786,485
197,162
29,803
181,394
846,697
146,189
2,332,390
125,015
301,825
295,795
515,966
147,000
14,446
59,803
640
200,420
1,091,065
95,088
313,333
169,800
27,134
120,555
1,022,082
2012
107,895
144,685
235,386
4,881
349,008
1,640,414
187,164
32,978
175,445
843,410
138,900
2,024,929
106,884
312,940
296,536
683,566
150,000
13,675
65,204
644
199,520
1,094,673
106,864
289,963
148,100
26,300
127,797
1,000,196
2013
110,626
143,618
258,856
3,147
331,616
1,648,828
193,688
33,659
182,534
961,507
138,136
2,143,821
77,920
342,949
353,044
546,542
155,000
13,366
69,696
649
216,026
1,194,757
110,643
344,468
161,100
27,263
140,665
999,002
2014
121,562
145,382
322,004
3,147
325,667
1,675,289
186,971
35,806
180,931
1,101,895
147,373
2,190,930
73,680
326,753
331,782
505,126
162,000
12,714
72,935
653
213,200
1,098,455
122,842
303,562
181,100
28,612
143,074
1,060,000
2015
125,323
143,592
341,608
3,147
397,136
1,822,791
203,631
35,806
185,123
1,068,103
143,479
2,208,168
87,428
358,421
330,959
517,854
166,611
13,007
75,820
657
244,893
1,003,597
121,028
357,352
190,200
28,319
134,546
1,049,000
08-11
100,139
145,491
185,728
3,430
304,597
1,678,333
202,080
30,304
192,599
827,127
150,407
2,234,186
123,826
288,127
312,284
547,826
135,725
13,731
54,658
621
209,423
1,089,052
99,440
298,758
166,675
26,965
111,209
996,880
12-15
116,352
144,319
289,464
3,581
350,857
1,696,831
192,864
34,562
181,008
993,729
141,972
2,141,962
86,478
335,266
328,080
563,272
158,403
13,191
70,914
651
218,410
1,097,871
115,344
323,836
170,125
27,624
136,521
1,027,050
Change
16.2%
-0.8%
55.9%
4.4%
15.2%
1.1%
-4.6%
14.1%
-6.0%
20.1%
-5.6%
-4.1%
-30.2%
16.4%
5.1%
2.8%
16.7%
-3.9%
29.7%
4.7%
4.3%
0.8%
16.0%
8.4%
2.1%
2.4%
22.8%
3.0%
11,045,962
9,948,106
10,307,410
10,816,998
10,507,957
10,903,126
11,073,445
11,357,599
10,529,619
10,960,532
4.1%
Table 19.
Fertiliser nitrogen use (1,000 kg N) in the period 2008-2015, and the change between the periods
2008-2011 and 2012-2015 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
71
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0030.png
Figure 38
Fertiliser nitrogen use (1,000 kg N) in the period 2008-2015 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
Figure 39
Change in fertiliser nitrogen use (%) between the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015
(Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
72
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0031.png
2008
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
EL
ES
FI
FR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
EU-28
13,808
6,400
13,342
1,000
24,097
138,274
7,000
4,187
28,000
118,576
16,239
282,425
21,291
27,431
26,350
85,000
10,000
665
6,632
31
10,806
193,133
17,960
44,718
14,600
5,211
11,201
93,873
1,222,250
2009
7,256
4,600
13,387
1,000
7,585
76,122
11,000
2,471
33,000
115,360
10,784
129,142
8,790
19,232
20,231
114,000
14,000
590
5,831
57
4,049
163,852
11,538
43,900
8,100
3,342
7,936
56,324
893,479
2010
12,527
5,600
17,043
1,000
13,654
102,675
10,000
2,671
29,000
147,495
12,599
177,025
15,763
19,976
28,235
87,000
15,000
515
6,840
59
12,531
154,183
18,090
53,849
9,800
4,323
7,041
80,338
1,044,832
2011
9,947
4,738
12,902
1,000
17,304
125,025
10,000
2,680
23,000
158,350
11,046
218,428
14,028
22,113
28,107
78,000
16,000
516
7,640
57
6,090
178,318
12,908
55,123
10,300
3,935
8,569
83,831
1,119,955
2012
12,301
4,738
20,798
1,000
18,713
107,880
10,000
2,955
24,000
164,427
10,600
189,633
14,330
25,735
27,421
73,000
17,000
517
8,648
54
4,617
161,883
14,477
49,353
10,400
3,882
10,592
82,085
1,071,039
2013
14,234
4,807
11,656
801
18,201
124,073
13,601
3,129
25,523
189,014
11,184
217,184
12,518
33,247
36,986
74,775
18,165
515
10,670
31
3,990
168,295
17,289
49,697
11,800
3,886
11,095
84,704
1,171,070
2014
14,110
3,359
28,144
801
20,070
123,999
13,985
3,775
22,547
174,028
11,845
206,798
16,875
35,987
35,584
73,664
19,419
515
10,204
33
5,877
148,917
18,456
51,772
12,100
3,991
11,920
87,761
1,156,536
2015
13,058
3,468
27,573
801
21,221
131,503
14,430
3,708
22,076
179,784
10,983
187,054
12,899
35,530
36,551
75,149
19,799
516
10,633
33
3,741
132,544
19,214
57,921
12,500
4,120
11,004
85,577
1,133,390
08-11
10,885
5,335
14,169
1,000
15,660
110,524
9,500
3,002
28,250
134,945
12,667
201,755
14,968
22,188
25,731
91,000
13,750
572
6,736
51
8,369
172,372
15,124
49,398
10,700
4,203
8,687
78,592
1,070,129
12-15
13,426
4,093
22,043
851
19,551
121,864
13,004
3,392
23,537
176,813
11,153
200,167
14,156
32,625
34,136
74,147
18,596
516
10,039
38
4,556
152,910
17,359
52,186
11,700
3,970
11,153
85,032
1,133,009
Change
23.3%
-23.3%
55.6%
-14.9%
24.8%
10.3%
36.9%
13.0%
-16.7%
31.0%
-12.0%
-0.8%
-5.4%
47.0%
32.7%
-18.5%
35.2%
-9.8%
49.0%
-26.0%
-45.6%
-11.3%
14.8%
5.6%
9.3%
-5.5%
28.4%
8.2%
5.9%
Table 20.
Fertiliser phosphate use (1,000 kg P) in the period 2008-2015, and the change between the periods
2008-2011 and 2012-2015 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
73
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0032.png
Figure 40
Fertiliser phosphate use (1,000 kg P) in the period 2008-2015 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
Figure 41
Change in fertiliser phosphate use (%) between the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015
(Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
74
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0033.png
2008
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
EL
ES
FI
FR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
EU-28
166,511
233,639
108,210
22,212
122,155
1,260,630
273,814
21,595
290,237
797,419
98,715
1,801,167
62,934
116,579
458,236
856,561
71,604
14,908
34,203
2,836
418,306
577,167
156,248
420,796
124,041
38,673
59,107
1,013,310
9,621,813
2009
168,922
234,607
101,710
21,699
113,757
1,259,540
264,668
21,421
295,536
789,751
96,930
1,786,305
65,330
110,289
454,666
859,131
70,302
15,006
33,611
2,723
405,901
555,978
156,344
404,124
122,074
38,667
59,211
979,824
9,488,027
2010
168,686
237,137
96,779
22,591
108,635
1,245,772
265,447
21,862
294,859
788,069
100,818
1,777,207
64,554
112,172
443,858
838,415
69,976
15,328
34,081
2,636
423,833
559,549
155,698
361,122
120,492
37,919
58,270
999,292
9,425,057
2011
166,268
233,621
93,820
22,251
103,985
1,242,264
264,233
22,282
294,251
776,614
99,694
1,741,960
63,615
116,767
439,061
839,779
67,232
14,974
34,141
2,349
405,541
547,752
155,173
357,893
118,860
36,559
55,711
988,698
9,305,348
2012
165,020
232,281
90,971
21,207
100,750
1,259,568
262,573
22,428
293,626
755,122
98,260
1,705,149
63,818
120,754
452,976
827,222
67,161
14,651
35,122
2,325
382,499
519,909
153,447
356,924
118,138
36,036
57,336
987,602
9,202,875
2013
164,513
233,855
89,568
19,465
99,937
1,277,241
261,436
23,003
294,540
743,789
98,986
1,711,695
60,397
121,220
462,299
836,298
65,954
14,930
36,179
2,409
393,739
508,324
146,841
356,015
120,505
35,587
56,476
990,467
9,225,668
2014
164,513
229,547
93,294
19,465
92,415
2015
08-11
167,597
234,751
100,130
22,188
112,133
1,252,052
12-15
164,682
231,894
91,278
20,046
97,701
1,268,405
261,971
22,833
293,797
752,049
98,252
1,712,321
61,882
122,241
457,638
829,948
66,776
14,908
36,239
2,371
394,969
514,232
151,275
354,316
119,322
36,015
55,785
992,674
9,214,272
Change
-1.7%
-1.2%
-8.8%
-9.7%
-12.9%
1.3%
-1.9%
4.8%
0.0%
-4.6%
-0.8%
-3.6%
-3.5%
7.3%
1.9%
-2.2%
-4.3%
-1.0%
6.6%
-10.0%
-4.5%
-8.2%
-2.9%
-8.2%
-1.7%
-5.1%
-3.9%
-0.3%
-2.6%
261,903
23,067
293,226
757,237
97,510
1,720,119
61,432
124,750
267,041
21,790
293,721
787,963
99,039
1,776,660
64,108
113,952
448,955
826,324
67,212
15,144
37,415
2,380
408,670
514,462
150,441
350,008
154,371
848,472
69,779
15,054
34,009
2,636
413,395
560,112
155,866
385,984
121,367
36,421
53,544
999,952
37,955
58,075
995,281
9,460,061
Table 21.
Animal manure nitrogen use (1,000 kg N) in the period 2008-2015, and the change between the
periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
75
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0034.png
Figure 42
Animal manure nitrogen use (1,000 kg N) in the period 2008-2015 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
Figure 43
Change in animal manure nitrogen use (%) between the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015
(Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
76
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0035.png
2008
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
EL
ES
FI
FR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
EU-28
33,897
35,963
15,572
3,868
25,181
237,622
62,939
4,783
39,205
138,644
17,738
306,731
10,469
24,667
64,552
166,417
12,675
2,162
5,234
642
60,926
115,789
28,378
74,600
20,492
5,621
9,532
167,093
1,691,392
2009
34,452
36,338
14,753
3,824
23,117
235,943
62,379
4,781
40,087
136,479
17,390
304,127
11,054
23,737
64,709
164,508
12,359
2,172
5,137
628
58,597
110,383
28,533
72,087
20,101
5,598
9,635
160,721
1,663,629
2010
34,386
36,993
13,984
3,943
21,851
232,481
64,482
4,847
40,385
137,607
18,238
301,006
10,907
20,248
63,196
162,101
12,271
2,206
5,182
620
62,984
118,909
28,314
64,228
19,941
5,451
9,401
165,276
1,661,438
2011
33,629
36,471
13,439
3,893
20,402
231,080
63,694
4,921
40,095
135,569
18,100
293,864
10,615
22,173
63,123
162,478
11,882
2,162
5,158
556
57,863
108,052
28,174
63,873
19,613
5,247
8,833
163,429
1,628,388
2012
33,359
36,534
13,000
3,692
19,366
234,341
62,849
5,014
40,115
133,170
17,923
291,842
10,446
24,177
64,554
157,919
11,831
2,122
5,369
551
52,352
98,416
27,829
64,143
19,457
5,165
9,146
162,957
1,607,639
2013
33,140
38,008
12,798
3,383
19,610
237,142
62,439
5,098
40,305
131,751
18,281
292,828
9,995
24,404
65,945
158,632
11,630
2,168
5,503
578
54,607
96,100
26,442
64,458
19,576
5,115
8,990
163,366
1,612,292
:
:
:
2014
33,140
37,716
12,871
3,383
18,775
:
:
:
:
:
:
62,863
5,091
40,187
135,307
17,691
294,266
9,975
24,994
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
2015
08-11
34,091
36,441
14,437
3,882
22,638
234,282
63,374
4,833
39,943
137,075
17,867
301,432
10,761
22,706
63,895
163,876
12,297
2,176
5,178
612
60,093
113,283
28,350
68,697
20,037
5,479
9,350
164,130
1,661,212
12-15
33,213
37,419
12,890
3,486
19,250
235,742
62,717
5,068
40,202
133,409
17,965
292,979
10,139
24,525
65,250
157,755
11,826
2,163
5,514
567
54,714
97,449
27,189
64,261
19,517
5,182
9,101
163,941
1,609,966
Change
-2.6%
2.7%
-10.7%
-10.2%
-15.0%
0.6%
-1.0%
4.9%
0.6%
-2.7%
0.6%
-2.8%
-5.8%
8.0%
2.1%
-3.7%
-3.8%
-0.6%
6.5%
-7.3%
-8.9%
-14.0%
-4.1%
-6.5%
-2.6%
-5.4%
-2.7%
-0.1%
-3.1%
156,713
12,017
2,199
5,669
572
57,184
97,830
26,930
64,181
27,554
:
:
5,267
9,166
165,501
:
:
:
:
:
Table 22. Animal
manure phosphate use (1,000 kg P) in the period 2008-2015, and the change between the
periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
77
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0036.png
Figure 44 Animal
manure phosphate use (1,000 kg P) in the period 2008-2015 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017 ).
Figure 45
Change in animal manure phosphate use (%) between the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-
2015 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017 ).
78
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0037.png
2008
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
EL
ES
FI
FR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
EU-28
0
79
7
162
62
51
77
25
57
20
34
38
92
8
5
38
21
82
9
91
110
41
17
3
35
11
13
47
34
2009
6
84
13
139
38
33
58
15
53
25
22
24
39
15
6
34
22
80
14
76
101
32
20
8
15
18
18
49
29
2010
17
96
7
149
49
47
62
21
59
31
41
25
59
23
11
33
31
86
21
56
109
35
25
-10
26
11
30
53
32
2011
8
98
5
159
62
61
60
22
42
22
34
36
71
17
1
35
27
98
20
23
107
36
23
-20
25
15
18
50
32
2012
18
98
17
146
71
48
56
18
40
26
31
23
66
30
7
51
17
86
16
28
104
31
27
7
14
24
26
52
33
2013
21
93
10
140
59
48
60
13
46
23
30
28
31
24
22
43
19
87
20
37
92
37
22
-5
17
36
33
52
32
2014
15
86
22
156
46
2015
2008-2011
8
89
8
152
53
48
2012-2015
18
92
16
147
59
48
56
14
45
28
31
26
44
23
15
44
16
87
18
34
93
30
26
-2
16
23
30
51
32.5
Change
10
3
8
-5
6
0
-8
-6
-8
4
-2
-4
-21
7
9
9
-9
1
2
-28
-14
-6
4
2
-10
10
10
2
0.75
53
12
48
35
31
28
36
14
64
21
53
25
33
31
65
16
6
39
13
88
19
37
83
23
26
-9
27
35
25
87
16
62
107
36
21
-5
25
10
30
50
14
20
50
31.8
Table 23.
Net nitrogen balance (kg N per ha) in the period 2008-2015, and the change between the periods
2008-2011 and 2012-2015 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
79
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0038.png
Figure 46
Average net nitrogen balance (kg N/ha) in the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015 (Source:
Eurostat, June 2017).
Figure 47
Change in the net nitrogen balance (kg N/ha) between the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-
2015 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
80
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0039.png
2008
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
DE
DK
EE
EL
ES
FI
FR
HR
HU
IE
IT
LT
LU
LV
MT
NL
PL
PT
RO
SE
SI
SK
UK
EU-28
-2
4
-4
33
0
2
7
-5
2
1
5
4
9
-4
1
-3
6
4
1
43
8
8
4
1
1
5
-1
4
2
2009
0
2
-4
29
-5
-2
7
-6
3
3
2
-2
1
-3
2010
1
5
-5
31
-2
1
8
-6
2
4
5
1
7
-2
2
2011
0
5
-6
32
-3
3
7
-5
-1
3
4
2
6
-3
1
-3
5
5
2
26
7
6
4
-3
-1
3
-2
4
2
2012
2
6
-4
30
-1
1
7
-6
-1
5
4
1
7
0
2
-2
7
4
1
27
3
3
5
1
0
4
0
4
2
2013
4
6
-9
29
0
2
8
-8
2
3
4
2
3
-1
4
-2
2
4
3
30
4
4
4
-2
-1
6
0
4
2
2014
2
5
-6
32
-1
2015
2008-2011
-0.3
4.0
-4.8
31.3
-2.5
1.0
2012-2015
2.7
5.7
-6.3
30.3
-0.7
1.5
7.3
-7.0
0.3
4.3
4.0
1.3
6.0
-1.0
3.0
-1.7
3.3
4.0
2.0
29.0
2.7
2.7
4.8
-1.0
-0.5
3.7
-0.7
3.7
2.0
Change
2.9
1.7
-1.6
-0.9
1.8
0.5
0.1
-1.5
-1.2
1.6
-
0.1
0.3
2
1.7
0.1
-0.7
-0.3
0.5
-5.5
-5.3
-3.1
0.3
-0.5
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.2
7
-7
0
5
4
1
8
-2
7.3
-5.5
1.5
2.8
4.0
1.3
5.8
-3.0
1.3
0
-1
4
1
36
5
4
4
1
-3
2
-1
2
1
-1
6
4
2
33
12
5
6
-1
-1
3
0
4
2
-1
1
4
2
30
1
1
5
-2
5.0
-1.8
4.0
4.3
1.5
34.5
8.0
5.8
4.5
-0.5
-1.0
1
-2
3
3.3
-1.0
3.5
1.8
Table 24.
Phosphate balance (kg P per ha) in the period 2008-2015, and the change between the periods 2008-
2011 and 2012-2015 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
81
kom (2018) 0257 - Ingen titel
1889497_0040.png
Figure 48
Average phosphate balance (kg P/ha) in the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-2015
(Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
Figure 49
Change in the phosphate balance (kg P/ha) between the reporting periods 2008-2011 and 2012-
2015 (Source: Eurostat, June 2017).
82